Across the UNECE region, member States are facing unprecedented challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical crises in the region, supply chain disruptions, and climate change impacts. These challenges have exposed the vulnerability of the UNECE energy systems and highlighted the urgent need to build more resilient energy systems. The UNECE Expert Community prepared a paper to help Member States to identify, enhance and implement strategies to meet their immediate energy and economic needs without jeopardizing achievement of their longer-term 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (2030 Agenda) and the Paris agreement goals.