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Russian Coal in the Era of Climate Change, by Mr. Maxim Titov, ENERPO Research Center

Languages and translations
English

Russian Coal in the Era of Climate Change Maxim Titov

Research Fellow ENERPO Research Center

Russian Coal in the Era of Climate Change

The book has been released in November 2023 by Palgrave Macmillan publisher, in English.

The Russian coal sector today faces challenges in the form of global decarbonization, sanctions, and difficulties in retaining

market access and competitiveness. This new market environment warrants an examination of what lessons can be

drawn from the past tribulations of one of Russia’s most iconic

and strategically important industries. This book analyzes the Russian coal industry developments in historical and political

contexts, including those of energy transition. The book addresses the question of the coal industry as a sacrifice for

the sake of Russia’s rapprochement with the West. The

contribution of this book, therefore, is filling the gap between two large research inquiries – climate change mitigation and

energy transition on the one hand, and the existing large coal industry of a given country on the other.

Link: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-981-99-5370-7

Authors

Nikita Lomagin Michael Oshchepkov

Maxim Titov Irina Mironova

Key questions and hypothesis

How have the reforms affected development of the coal industry?

Hypothesis: the reforms of the World Bank gave a powerful impetus to the further development of the industry

Why is the Russian coal industry still developing?

Hypothesis: coal is important for the socio-economic stability of the сoal-mining regions, it provides for energy security of many regions in the East, and it is profitable. Also, the state provides support both for coal towns and exporters by managing coal transportation by rail.

How the global climate agenda shapes further development of the industry?

Hypothesis: the climate agenda does not yet affect the development of the Russian coal industry, since there is a high demand for cheap energy sources in the Asia-Pacific region

Domestic coal consumption began to decline gradually, from 54% in 1960 to 25.2% by 1980.

In 1983, the "Energy Program of the USSR for the Long Term" was adopted, and an intensive growth of coal production began. High production indicators were achieved due to open-pit coal mining.

In 1989, a crisis began in the coal industry. This provoked miners' strikes.

A general decline in industrial production. The Russian economy has begun to restructure itself into a market economy.

The World Bank has allocated more than $1.1 billion to repair unprofitable mines.

The final stage of privatization of the industry. The Russian coal industry has come out of the crisis.

Economic Crisis

Economic Crisis

Paris Agreement

Key milestones of the coal industry development

Percentage of coal in the energy balance of the USSR

• From 1928 to 1955, coal's share of the domestic market increased from 29% to 59%, while the share of oil and gas was only 15% to 28% of the domestic market.

• Then, in the early 1960s, significant reserves of oil and natural gas were explored in Western Siberia.

The Oil Age Begins

Coal production in the USSR

Labor resources of the coal industry in Russia and the USSR, thousand people

Regions Coal production, mmt Specific index, % RSFSR 425.4 55.1 Ukrainian SSR 191.7 24.9 Kazakh SSR 143.1 18.5 Uzbek SSR 5.5 0.7 Kyrgyz SSR 4.0 0.5 Georgian SSR 1.4 0.2 Tajik SSR 0.7 0.1 Total 771.8 100.0

Table 1. Distribution of coal production in the USSR by 1988

• By 1988, the Soviet Union had reached its peak of 771.8 million tons of coal.

• At the same time, the core of coal production was Russia (RSFSR) with a share of 55.1%, and the main coal basin was Kuzbass (Western Siberia) with the production of 159.2 million tons of coal.

• By 1988, the overall level of artificial lift had increased from 41.6 per cent to 84.1 per cent in 1965.

• (!) At the same time, there was no reduction in the number of people employed in the industry

The peak of the coal industry in the USSR

• In 1990, underground coal mines produced about 380 million tons of coal (54% of the total), with more than half of them commissioned before 1960 and never upgraded since.

• About 210 mines throughout the USSR were in operation for more than 35 years, 64 of which were commissioned before World War II and 73 were commissioned within the next five years of its beginning;

• The foreign economic situation for the Soviet Union also did not contribute to the development of the country's coal industry (an increase in the balance of payments deficit, external debt, a shortage of food and consumer goods, the beginning of the collapse of the USSR);

• Miners' strike movement

Return on Capital of Soviet Coal Industry Enterprises

Coal Legacy: Old Infrastructure and Lack of Modernization

In the new economic realities, Russia was no longer able to support the functioning of inefficient enterprises and, starting from 1995, the volume of state support for the coal industry began to decline ($1.63 billion against $3.25 billion in 1994).

Financing of the Russian coal industry in 1993-2002 (million $US)

Restructuring of the coal industry

Changes in Labor Productivity in the Russian Coal Industry • Budget cuts from 1994 to 2001 and the involvement of the World Bank ($1,350 billion) led to the elimination of inefficient mines and a reduction in the number of mines from 229 to 103;

• Despite the economic crisis of 1998, the coal industry became profitable as early as 1999;

• By 2002-2003, the main stage of the restructuring of the coal industry was almost complete. The market was formed by high-performing companies;

• An increase in coal consumption in the east of the country and demand from partners in the Asia-Pacific region led to the development of railway infrastructure.

Results of the reform: growth in the productivity

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Key production indicators of the Russian coal industry in 2022

2021 2022 Change

Total Mining 432 Mt 437 Mt +1,2% (+5,0 Mt)

Open-pit 65,6% 76,8% +11,5 Mt

Mines 34,3% 23,2% -10,3 Mt

Coking coal 23,1% 25,9% +12,8 Mt

Thermal coal 76,9% 74,1% -11,6 Mt

Source: CDU TEK, Ministry of Energy

• Coal production increased in 2022 • Open-pit coal mining is more cost-effective and

continues to grow • Coking coal is more expensive and more in demand

in other countries

Geopolitical turmoil and sanctions have not led to a significant change in coal production in Russia

Major Coal Exporters: Competitors' Assessment

12 Major exportesr in 2002, 2014 and 2021, Exajoules (BP 2022)

Major Coal Importers: Actual and Potential Target Markets

13 Major importers in 2002, 2010 and 2021, Exajoules (BP 2022)

Major coal assets in Russia

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Today, the Russian coal sector is facing new challenges: global decarbonization, increased Western sanctions, and internal and external competition.

The new state of the market environment in which the Russian coal industry finds itself requires the study of what lessons can be learned from the past of one of the most significant and strategically important industries in Russia.

ENERPO Research Center

EVAL_E264ToR_Oct2023

TERMS OF REFERENCE, Project Evaluation, October 2023
E264: Enhancing coherence and integration of economic and social statistics in support of the implementation of 2008 System of National Accounts

Languages and translations
English

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TERMS OF REFERENCE

E264: Enhancing coherence and integration of economic and social statistics in support of the implementation of 2008 System of National Accounts

I. Purpose The purpose of this evaluation is to assess the extent to which the objectives of the UNECE project E264 “Enhancing coherence and integration of economic and social statistics in support of the implementation of 2008 System of National Accounts” were achieved.

The evaluation will assess the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and sustainability of the project.

The evaluation will also assess any impacts the project may have had on progressing human rights, gender equality, disability inclusion, climate change and disaster risk reduction in the context of this engagement. The evaluation will finally look at the activities repurposed to address the impact of the COVID-19 crisis, and assess, to the extent possible, UNECE’s COVID-19 early response through this project.

II. Background The project aimed at increasing the capacity of countries in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia in compiling national accounts and supporting statistics according to the recommendations of international statistical standards. The activities of the project included the following four modules:

1) Methods and compilation techniques for implementation of the 2008 SNA and supporting economic statistics.

2) Price statistics - development of price indices and deflators for national accounts aggregates. 3) Statistical business registers - improving coverage and accuracy of national statistical business

registers. 4) Expanding the use of household surveys for the estimates of the informal sector and

remittances.

The activities were carried out in cooperation with other international and regional partners, including CIS-STAT, EFTA, Eurostat, ILO, IMF, OECD and World Bank.

III. Evaluation objectives, scope and questions The evaluation will be guided by the objectives, indicators of achievement and means of verification established in the logical framework of the project document. The evaluation will be conducted in Q3 of 2023. It will cover the full implementation of the project, from June 2017 to June 2023 in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan)

The final evaluation of the project has the following specific objectives:

• Determine as systematically and objectively as possible the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and sustainability of the project results in light of its goals and objectives.

• Assess how the project activities contributed to gender equality and women’ s empowerment, as well as the realization of human rights, with an emphasis on ‘leaving no one behind’ and, if needed, it will make recommendations on how these considerations can be better addressed in future activities of the subprogramme.

• Identify good practices and lessons learned from the project and formulate action-oriented, forward-looking recommendations addressed to the subprogramme for improving future interventions.

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The evaluation criteria are relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and sustainability.

Relevance 1. To what extent was the project design appropriate for meeting the needs of beneficiary

countries? 2. To what extent did the project respond to the priorities and needs of national statistical offices

in beneficiary countries? How relevant were the project activities to the countries’ needs and priorities?

3. To what extent was the project aligned with the SDGs? 4. What takeaways are there for ensuring relevance of future projects of UNEE Statistical

Division? 5. To what extent were gender, human rights and disability perspectives integrated into the design

and implementation of the project? What results can be identified from these actions? How can gender and human rights perspectives be better included in future projects design and implementation?

Effectiveness

6. To what extent were the project objectives and expected results achieved? 7. To what extent did the project improve the competencies of national statistical offices in the

beneficiary countries to produce and use macroeconomic statistics in their countries? 8. To what extent are the project activities coherent and harmonized with those of other partners

operating within the same context, particularly those of other UN system entities? 9. What were the challenges/obstacles (including COVID-19 and sub-regional instability) to

achieving the expected results? How successfully did the project overcome these? 10. What (if anything) has prevented the project from achieving the desired results?

Efficiency

11. Were the resources adequate for achieving the results? 12. Were the results achieved on time and were all activities organized efficiently? 13. To what extent were the resources used economically and how could the use of resources be

improved? Sustainability

14. What measures were adopted to ensure that project outcomes would continue after the project ended and to what extent have these measures addressed the existing risks for sustainability?

15. To what extent do the partners and beneficiaries ‘own’ the outcomes of the work? How is the stakeholders’ engagement likely to continue, be scaled up, replicated, or institutionalized?

IV. Evaluation approach and methodology The evaluation will be conducted in accordance with: the ECE Evaluation Policy1; the Administrative instruction guiding Evaluation in the UN Secretariat 2; and the United Nations Evaluation Group (UNEG) Norms and Standards for Evaluation3. Human rights and gender equality considerations will be integrated at all stages of the evaluation4: (i) in the evaluation scope and questions; (ii) in the methods, tools and data analysis techniques; (iii) in the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the final report. The evaluator will explicitly explain how human rights, gender, disability, SDGs, and climate change considerations will be taken into account during the evaluation.

1 UNECE Evaluation policy 2 ST/AI/2021/3 3 UNEG 2016 Norms and Standards for Evaluation 4 In line with UNEG Guidance contained in Integrating Human Rights and Gender Equality in Evaluations

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The evaluator is required to use a mixed-method approach, including qualitative as well as quantitative data gathering and analysis as the basis for a triangulation exercise of all available data to draw conclusions and findings.

The evaluation should be conducted based on the following mixed methods to triangulate information:

1. A desk review of all relevant documents, including the project document and information on project activities (monitoring data); materials developed in support of the activities (agendas, plans, participant lists, background documents, donor reports and publications); Proposed programme budgets covering the evaluation period; project reports to the donor.

2. Online survey of key stakeholders and beneficiaries: the survey will be developed by the consultant on her/his preferred platform.

3. Interviews (in-person and/or by telephone/video): the evaluator shall interview a wide range of diverse stakeholders and beneficiaries.

4. Remote observation of virtual workshops and meetings, including recordings of meetings.

The evaluator will further elaborate on the evaluation methodology in the Inception Report that will among others include the survey questions and whether any of the 12 countries will be selected for an in-depth assessment. The evaluation report will be written in English, will consist of approximately 30 pages and will include an executive summary (max. 2 pages) describing the evaluation methodology, key findings, conclusions and recommendations. The evaluator will also produce an Evaluation Brief summarizing key evaluation findings, lessons learned and recommendations, including through images and infographics.

V. Evaluation schedule5 May 2023 ToR finalized June 2023 Evaluator selected June 2023 Contract signed. Evaluator starts the desk review July 2023 Evaluator submits inception report including survey design August 2023 Launch of data gathering, including survey and interviews September 2023 Evaluator submits draft evaluation report and evaluation brief October 2023 Evaluator submits final evaluation report and evaluation brief

VI. Resources and Management of the evaluation An independent consultant will be engaged to conduct the evaluation under the management of the PMU. Payment will be made upon satisfactory delivery of work. The Programme Management Unit (PMU) will manage the evaluation and will be involved in the following steps: Selection of the evaluator; Preparation and clearance of the Terms of Reference; Provision of guidance to the Project Manager and evaluator as needed on the evaluation design and methodology; Clearance of the final report after quality assurance of the draft report. The Project Manager, in consultation with the Division Director, will be involved in the following steps: Provide all documentation needed for desk review, contact details, support and guidance to the evaluation consultant as needed throughout the timeline of the evaluation; Advise the evaluator on the recipients for the questionnaire and for follow-up interviews; Process and manage the consultancy contract of the evaluator, along the key milestones agreed with PMU.

5 Final timetable to be agreed following engagement of the evaluator

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VII. Intended use / Next steps The results of the evaluation will be used in the planning and implementation of future activities of the UNECE Economic Cooperation and Integration Subprogramme. Findings of this evaluation will be used when possible to:

• improve direct project’s follow up actions, implementation of products by project beneficiaries and dissemination of the knowledge created through the project;

• assess the gaps and further needs of countries in the area of this project; • formulate tailored capacity building projects to strengthen the national capacity in enhancing

innovation. The results of the evaluation will be reported to the Conference of European Statisticians Following the issuance of the final report, the Project Manager will develop a Management Response for addressing the recommendations made by the evaluator. The final evaluation report, the management response and the progress on implementation of recommendations will be publicly available on the UNECE website.

VIII. Criteria for evaluators The evaluator should have:

1. An advanced university degree or equivalent background in relevant disciplines. 2. Knowledge of and experience in working on data and statistics; knowledge of and experience in

economic statistics desirable. 3. Relevant professional experience in design and management of evaluation processes with multiple

stakeholders, survey design and implementation, project planning, monitoring and management, gender mainstreaming and human-rights due diligence.

4. Demonstrated methodological knowledge of evaluations, including quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis for end-of-cycle project evaluations, including demonstrated experience in conducting questionnaires and interviews.

5. Fluency in written and spoken English.

Evaluators should declare any conflict of interest to UNECE before embarking on an evaluation project, and at any point where such conflict occurs.

  • I. Purpose
  • II. Background
  • III. Evaluation objectives, scope and questions
    • Relevance
    • Effectiveness
    • Efficiency
    • Sustainability
  • IV. Evaluation approach and methodology
  • V. Evaluation schedule4F
  • VI. Resources and Management of the evaluation
  • VII. Intended use / Next steps
  • VIII. Criteria for evaluators

EVAL-E264_EvalBrief_Oct24

Evaluation Brief of the project E 264

Enhancing coherence and integration of economic and social statistics in support of the implementation of 2008 System of National Accounts (SNA)
UNECE PROJECT E264 – 2017-2023

Languages and translations
English

EVALUATION BRIEF

Enhancing coherence and integration of

economic and social statistics in support of

the implementation of 2008 System of

National Accounts (SNA)

UNECE PROJECT E264 – 2017-2023

BACKGROUND

Since 2010, the UNECE has been actively working to support the implementation of 2008 System of National Accounts and supporting statistics in countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus, and Central Asia (EECCA). This project was intended to enable the UNECE in carrying out its mandate to support its implementation in the region and build on the activities and progress achieved since 2010. The project was part of the ECASTAT regional trust fund established by the World Bank for assisting countries to improve their statistical systems. The work on the project was guided by the Steering Group on National Accounts. METHODOLOGY The evaluation was conducted using a mixed- method approach to assess whether the planned objectives were met and to assess their relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability. Cross-cutting issues such as human rights and gender equality were considered at all stages of the evaluation. The review consisted of a desk review of over 75 available project documents, analysis of the results from the two on-line surveys designed for the purpose of this evaluation and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders/partners to gather more information and assessment of results. Key findings were triangulated and presented in line with the questions contained in the Evaluation Matrix. FINDINGS

The evaluation determined that the project was fully relevant to the objective of the UNECE to increase the capacity of target countries in compiling national accounts and supporting statistics according to the recommendations of the 2008 SNA and other relevant international standards by focusing on the outstanding

priorities identified by the countries. The needs of the countries formed the basis of regional workshops and special sessions designed to address their specific issues or challenges.

The evaluation determined that the project was effective by deploying both traditional and innovative methods to ensure that the objectives and results were achieved. The project consisted of four-interrelated modules with the goal to enhance coherence and integration of economic and social statistics in support of the implementation of 2008 SNA. All activities were completed, and additional ones added with the project extension.

The most significant challenge the project faced was the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020. All planned results for 2020 were delayed and had to be realigned. The UNECE quickly adapted to the new global reality and implemented the use of online/virtual meetings to continue the momentum of the project during unprecedented times.

The evaluation determined that the project efficiently achieved its objectives within the allocated budget and adjusted timeframe. The savings associated with the new way of doing business (described above) and the UNECE’s ability to draw on established partnerships to obtain additional resources through in-kind or financial contributions, extended the project to the benefit of the targeted countries. A no-cost extension (granted from 2020-2023) expanded the scope of the project to address outstanding issues, identified by the EECCA countries, resulting from the pandemic.

The benefits of the project will continue after its completion although there will be some challenges. By nature of their mandates, the UNECE Statistical Division and the Steering Group on National Accounts are committed to maintaining and progressing the work undertaken during the project. For the EECCA countries, lack of funding, insufficient experienced staff, staff turnover and limited technical capabilities are likely to be a significant challenge in sustaining the work.

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CONCLUSIONS

The evaluation has determined that the project met is overall aim and achieved its stated objectives. However, the following limitations were identified and should be considered in future action plans. All UNECE work is designed to be as inclusive as possible, however the human rights dimension is a difficult aspect to cover. The human rights dimension was not incorporated in the project proposal and the project outcomes make no explicit reference to human rights. It was evident through the evaluation that women and youth were involved in the project activities and in the evaluation process. However, no gender consideration was recorded in the project’s proposal and no indicator established. It was difficult to determine whether the knowledge and expertise of the staff in national statistical offices improved and/or their capacity to implement standards and recommendations in practice increased. To properly assess these elements could only be achieved through an in-depth country peer review or an update to the Global Assessments. This was not done as part of this evaluation.

RECOMMENDATIONS

In the spirit of continuous learning and based on the findings and good practices identified throughout evaluation, a series of recommendations are intended to help improve future UNECE projects.

1. The global pandemic forced the UNECE to rethink the way it conducted business to ensure continuity of the project. These innovative solutions introduced good practices that should be continued. The UNECE is encouraged to use a hybrid model when organizing its meetings, workshops, and regional sessions in the future. The

introduction of short webinars and the video capture of in-person sessions provided additional learning opportunities. A combination of face-to-face activities and virtual offerings reaches a broader group of people. Using appropriate and tested technologies that accommodates everyone’s participation is encouraged.

2. To properly assess the degree to which the knowledge and expertise of the staff in the national statistical offices of EECCA countries improved and/or their capacity to implement standards and recommendations increased, an in-depth country peer review or update to the Global Assessments should be conducted.

3. Continued sharing of experience and lessons

learned is critical to the ongoing improvement of the statistical system in the beneficiary countries. EECCA participation in the Expert Group meetings is encouraged and where possible regional workshops or special sessions would continue to offer continuous growth and learning.

4. To ensure sustainability, future activities

should continue to be linked to the work programme of the UNECE Statistical Division. Although the budget of the UNECE Statistical Division is limited, it is encouraged to use its exceptional collaboration and outreach skills to secure additional funding from key project stakeholders, be it in-kind or financial resources to expand the scope of its work.

5. For gender and human rights perspectives to

be better included in future projects, there should be an explicit objective built into the project design that can be monitored and evaluated during and at the end of the project. Expertise in gender quality, disability inclusion, environment and or human rights should be sought in the development of these objectives and with the evaluation process.

EVAL_E264-EvaluationReport

UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE - PROJECT E264
ENHANCING COHERENCE AND INTEGRATION OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL STATISTICS IN SUPPORT OF
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 2008 SYSTEM OF NATIONAL ACCOUNTS (SNA)
2017-2020 (EXTENSION FOR 2021-2023)
EVALUATION REPORT
Period of evaluation: July – October 2023
Evaluator: Constance Graziadei
Evaluation commissioned by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

Languages and translations
English

UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE - PROJECT E264

ENHANCING COHERENCE AND INTEGRATION OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL STATISTICS IN SUPPORT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF 2008 SYSTEM OF NATIONAL ACCOUNTS (SNA)

2017-2020 (EXTENSION FOR 2021-2023)

EVALUATION REPORT

Period of evaluation: July – October 2023

Evaluator: Constance Graziadei

Evaluation commissioned by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

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EVALUATION REPORT

The Evaluation report compiled by Constance Graziadei evaluates the UNECE project “Enhancing Coherence and Integration of Economic and Social Statistics in Support of the Implementation of 2008 System of National Accounts” implemented from 2017-2023.

The views and interpretations are those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Ms. Graziadei would like to thank all who contributed to successful completion of this evaluation: to the UNECE Statistical Division who provided access to all the project documentation and support to the process, to all who responded to the two online surveys and to those who generously gave their time to be interviewed. Your contributions are truly appreciated.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ........................................................................................................................ 5

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................................... 6

1.0 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 9

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE EVALUATION .................................................................................................................. 10 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE EVALUATION .............................................................................................................. 10 1.3 SCOPE OF THE EVALUATION ....................................................................................................................... 10 1.4 EVALUATION METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................... 11

2.0 FINDINGS ................................................................................................................................................ 12

2.1 RELEVANCE ................................................................................................................................................. 12 Figure 1: Evaluation of the UNECE Project on Economic and Social Statistics ................................................. 13

2.2 EFFECTIVENESS ........................................................................................................................................... 15 2.3 EFFICIENCY .................................................................................................................................................. 17

Table 1: Budget Allocation ................................................................................................................................. 17 Table 2: Initial Project Allocation of Funds and expenditures per module (2017-2020) .................................. 18 Table 3: Budget Allocation for 2021-2023 ......................................................................................................... 18

2.4 SUSTAINABILITY ......................................................................................................................................... 19 Figure 2: Evaluation Survey – Evaluation of the UNECE Project on Economic and Social Statistics ................ 20

2.5 GENDER AND HUMAN RIGHTS CONSIDERATIONS ..................................................................................... 21

3.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................................. 22

3.1 CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................................................................ 22 3.2 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................................. 23

4.0 ANNEXES ................................................................................................................................................. 24

4.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE EVALUATION ........................................................................................... 24 4.2 ONLINE SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE – BENEFICIARY COUNTRIES ................................................................. 28 4.3 ONLINE SURVEY RESULTS – BENEFICIARY COUNTRIES .............................................................................. 30 4.4 ONLINE SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE – STAKEHOLDERS/PARTNERS ............................................................. 36 4.5 INTERVIEW GUIDE – KEY STAKEHOLDERS .................................................................................................. 38 4.6 LIST OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES BY MODULE .................................................................................................. 39 4.7 STAKEHOLDERS INVITED FOR IN-DEPTH INTERVIEW ................................................................................. 41 4.8 LIST OF DOCUMENTS REVIEWED ................................................................................................................ 42

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ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

CES Conference of European Statisticians

CIS Commonwealth of Independent States

ECASTAT European and Central Asian Statistics

EECCA Eastern Europe, Caucasus, and Central Asia

EFTA European Free Trade Association

ILO International Labour Association

IMF International Monetary Fund

NSO National Statistical Office

OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development

ROSSTAT Russian Federal State Statistical System

SBR Statistical Business Registers

SNA System of National Accounts

SEE South East Europe

SDGs Sustainable Development Goals

UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

UNESCAP United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

UNSC United Nations Statistical Commission

UNSD United Nations Statistical Division

WB World Bank

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The purpose of this evaluation is to assess the extent to which the objectives of the UNECE Project “Enhancing coherence and integration of economic and social statistics in support of the implementation of 2008 SNA” were achieved. This evaluation assessed the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability of the project considering its stated goals and objectives.

The evaluation also attempted to assess how the project’s activities contributed to gender equality and women’s empowerment as well as the realization of human rights. The evaluation considered good practices and lessons learned from the project to formulate recommendations aimed at improving future projects.

The evaluation was carried out through a desk review of all relevant project documentation, analysis of the results of two on-line surveys designed for the purpose of this evaluation and in-depth interviews with key project stakeholders/partners.

The evaluation determined that the project was fully relevant to the objective of the UNECE to increase the capacity of target countries 1 in compiling national accounts and supporting statistics according to the recommendations of the 2008 SNA and other relevant international standards by focusing on the outstanding priority areas identified by the countries. These priority areas were derived from the Global Assessments of countries in the EECCA region, which was jointly carried out by the UNECE, Eurostat and EFTA as well as the regional and national plans for implementation of the 2008 SNA. The project work was guided by the UNECE Steering Group on National Accounts. The project built on the activities and progress achieved in the work to support the implementation of the 2008 SNA and supporting economic statistics in the EECCA region, prior to its inception. Throughout the project, the needs and priorities of the EECCA countries formed the basis of regional workshops and special sessions designed to address their specific issues or challenges.

The most significant challenge to achieving the expected results on time was the onset of the global pandemic in early 2020. All planned activities for 2020 were delayed and had to realigned. The UNECE quickly adapted to the new global reality and implemented the use of online/virtual meetings in order to complete the planned activities. Face-to-face meetings were replaced with online sessions and adjustments were made to accommodate the new way of conducting the project (i.e. shorter sessions over many days). A dedicated wiki page was created to share the results of the activities.

The evaluation determined that the project was effective deploying both traditional and innovative methods to ensure the objectives and results were achieved. The project consisted of four inter-related modules with the goal to enhance coherence and integration of economic and social statistics in support of the implementation of the 2008 SNA. Each module had specific objectives with activities designed to achieve the objectives. All the activities were completed, and additional activities were added with the project extension.

The evaluation determined that the project efficiently achieved its objectives within the allocated budget and adjusted timeframe. As mentioned above, the UNECE introduced virtual meetings to continue the momentum of the project during unprecedented challenges. The savings associated with the new way of doing business and its ability to draw on established partnerships to obtain additional resources through in-kind or financial contributions extended the project to the benefit of the targeted countries. The no-cost extension expanded the scope of the project to address outstanding issues, identified by EECCA countries, resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of virtual meeting platforms granted a broader access allowing additional stakeholders and partners to participate. This included not only experts from national statistical offices but from their central banks and ministries of finance.

1 The target countries for the project were the 12 EECCA countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan

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There were limitations to the evaluation. Although all UNECE work is designed to be as inclusive as possible, the human rights dimension is a difficult aspect to cover. The human rights dimension was not incorporated in the project proposal and the project outcomes make no explicit reference to the human rights. No gender consideration was recorded in the project’s proposal and no indicator established.

In addition, to properly assess whether the knowledge and expertise of the staff in the national statistical offices of EECCA countries improved and/or their capacity to implement standards and recommendations in practice could only be achieved through an in-depth country peer review or update to the Global Assessments. This was not done as part of this evaluation.

The benefits of the project will continue after its completion although there will be some challenges. The UNECE has a mandate to support the implementation of 2008 SNA and supporting economics statistics in the EECA region. The Steering Group on National Accounts, established by the Bureau of the Conference of European Statisticians guides the work of the UNECE Statistical Division in the area of national accounts and supporting economic statistics, including activities to support and monitor the implementation of the 2008 SNA in the EECCA and to advise on the provision of methodological recommendations, training and other capacity building activities on national accounts. Country representatives from the EECCA are members of the Steering Group. By nature of their mandates these partners/stakeholders are committed to maintaining and progressing the work undertaken during the project.

Continued sharing of experiences and lessons learned is critical to the ongoing improvement of the statistical system in the beneficiary countries. EECCA participation in the Expert Group meetings is encouraged and where possible special regional workshops would continue to offer continuous growth and learning opportunities. For the EECCA countries, lack of funding, insufficient experienced staff, staff turnover, and limited technical capabilities are likely to be significant challenges in sustaining the work.

In the spirit of continuous learning and based on the findings and good practices identified throughout the evaluation, a series of recommendations are intended to help improve future UNECE activities.

1. The global pandemic forced the UNECE to rethink the way it conducted business to ensure continuity of the project. These innovative solutions introduced good practices that should be continued. The UNECE is encouraged to use a hybrid model when organizing its workshops and regional sessions in the future. The introduction of short webinars and the video capture of in person sessions provided additional learning opportunities. A combination of face-to-face activities and virtual offerings reaches a broader group of people. Using appropriate and tested technologies that accommodates everyone’s participation is encouraged.

2. To properly assess the degree to which the knowledge and expertise of the staff in the national statistical offices of EECCA countries improved and/or their capacity to implement standards and recommendations increased, an in-depth country peer review or update to the Global Assessments should be conducted.

3. Continued sharing of experience and lessons learned is critical to the ongoing improvement of the

statistical system in the beneficiary countries. EECCA participation in the Expert Group meetings is encouraged and where possible regional workshops or special sessions would continue to offer continuous growth and learning.

4. To ensure sustainability, future activities should be linked to the work programme of the UNECE Statistical Division. Although the budget of the UNECE Statistical Division is limited, it is encouraged to use its exceptional collaboration and outreach skills to secure additional funding from key project stakeholders, be it in-kind or financial resources to expand the scope of its work.

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5. For gender and human rights perspectives to be better included in future projects, there should be an explicit objective built into the project design that can be monitored and evaluated during and at the end of the project. Expertise in gender quality, disability inclusion, environment and or human rights should be sought in the development of these objectives and with the evaluation process.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION2 In 2009 at the 40th session of the United Nations Statistical Commission (UNSC), it supported the Global Implementation Strategy for the 2008 System of National Accounts (SNA) and requested to pay particular attention to improving basic economic statistics and to the need for consistency and harmonization across sectoral statistics from other macroeconomic frameworks. The UNSC recognized the role of the UN regional commissions in facilitating coordination and regional cooperation towards the implementation of 2008 SNA. 3 Following the decision, the UNSC, the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) requested that regional commissions develop regional implementation plans and establish Steering Groups to guide and coordinate activities.

Since 2010, the UNECE has actively been working to support the implementation of 2008 SNA and supporting statistics in countries of Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA)4. At the request of the UNSC, UNECE developed a regional plan for implementation of 2008 SNA in close cooperation with EECCA and South-East European (SEE) countries.

The regional implementation plan was developed in consultation with the Steering Group on National Accounts, established by the Bureau of the Conference of European Statisticians (CES). The Steering Group on National Accounts guides the work of the UNECE Statistical Division in the area of national accounts and supporting economics statistics, including activities to support and monitor the implementation of the 2008 SNA in the EECCA region and to advise on the provision of methodological recommendations, training and other capacity building activities on national accounts. The Steering Group is composed of representatives of all major regional partners such as CIS-Stat, Eurostat, International Monetary Fund (IMF), Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and UNSD, as well as country representatives from each UNECE sub-region, including from the EECCA.

The ECASTAT project was intended to build on the activities and progress achieved in the work to support the implementation of 2008 SNA and supporting economic statistics in the EECCA region. The project was intended to enable the UNECE in carrying out its mandate to support the implementation of 2008 SNA and supporting statistics in the region.

The project was part of the ECASTAT regional trust fund established by the World Bank for assisting countries to improve their statistical systems.

The overall objective of the Project was to increase the capacity of countries in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia in compiling national accounts and supporting statistics according to the recommendations of international statistical standards.5 Another objective was to include overall improvement of the knowledge and

2 ECASTAT Project for 2017-2020. Implementation of 2008 SNA. Enhancing Coherence and Integration of Economic and Social Statistics Support of the Implementation of 2008 SNA. Project Proposal – Concept note 2016

3 Statistical Commission. Report on the fortieth session (24-27 February 2009). https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/doc09/Report-English.pdf

4 The target countries for the project were the 12 EECCA countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.

5Enhancing Coherence and Integration of Economic and Social Statistics in Support of the Implementation of 2008 SNA https://www.statswiki.unece.org/display/EC/ECASTAT+Home

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expertise of the staff in the NSOs of EECCA countries regarding relevant international standards and recommendations in practice.

The project was intended to build on existing UNECE programmes to support the implementation of 2008 SNA and supporting statistics in the region, in addition to the global assessments of national statistical systems. It intended to draw on established partnerships with national and international statistical agencies involved in statistical capacity building activities in the region, and in particular, the WB, UNESCAP, IMF, Eurostat, OECD, European Free Trade Association (EFTA), International Labour Organization (ILO), Russian Federal State Statistical System (ROSSTAT), CIS-STAT and other relevant multinational and bilateral partner organizations.

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE EVALUATION The purpose of this evaluation is to assess the extent to which the objectives of the UNECE Project “Enhancing coherence and integration of economic and social statistics in support of the implementation of 2008 SNA” were achieved.

The evaluation assessed the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability of the aforementioned project.

The evaluation also attempted to assess any impacts the project may have had on progressing human rights, gender equality, disability inclusion, climate change and disaster risk reduction in the context of this engagement. The evaluation considered the activities repurposed to address the impact of the COVID-19 crisis and assessed UNECE’s COVID-19 early response.

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE EVALUATION

The evaluation of the project has the following specific objectives:

1. Determine, as systematically and objectively as possible, the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability of the project results considering its goals and objectives.

2. Assess how the project activities contributed to gender equality and women’s empowerment, as well as the realization of human rights, with an emphasis on “leaving no one behind” and, if needed, make recommendations on how these considerations can be better addressed in future activities of the sub programme.

3. Identify good practices and lessons learned from the project and formulate action-oriented, forward- looking recommendations addressed to the sub programme for improving future interventions.

1.3 SCOPE OF THE EVALUATION The evaluation covered the full project implementation period 2017-2023 (initially 2017-2020), including the no- cost extension that was granted to the project to cover the period of 2021-2023.

The evaluation was guided by the objectives, indicators of achievement and means of verification established in the initial project proposal and the no-cost extension.

The scope was limited to the activities described in project documents and the evaluation criteria established by the UNECE in its Terms of Reference (see Annex 4.1) for the project evaluation.

The evaluation was conducted ensuring accessible data collection and inclusive consultation, adhering to ethical standards and triangulation of data for inclusion.

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1.4 EVALUATION METHODOLOGY

The evaluation was conducted in accordance with: the ECE Evaluation Policy6; the Administrative instruction guiding Evaluation in the UN Secretariat7; and the United Nations Evaluation Group (UNEG) Norms and Standards for Evaluation8. Human rights and gender equality considerations were integrated at all stages of the evaluation.

The evaluation was guided by the evaluation matrix articulated in the Inception Report and assessed the degree of alignment between the project’s stated objective and outcomes with the results of the activities carried out by the UNECE in the implementation of the project.

The evaluation process included a desk review of all available project documentation, analysis of the results from the two on-line surveys designed for the purpose of this evaluation and interviews with key stakeholders and partners to gather more in-depth information and assessment of results.

1.4.1 Desk Review

The desk review included all project documentation provided by the UNECE Statistical Division, relevant websites and a review of the global assessments conducted jointly by the UNECE, Eurostat and EFTA. The documents reviewed included: the Project proposals - 2017-2020 and 2021-2023; the 11 semi-annual Project progress reports; reports from the meetings, workshops and webinars (including a review of the material presented); the meeting evaluations; the draft World Bank’s Implementation Completion and Results Report, and the 8 available unaudited interim financial reports (June to December 2017 to 30 June 2022). Unfortunately, the final interim financial report covering the final year of the project and the final program financial report were not completed in time for inclusion in the evaluation process. A complete list of documents reviewed are provided in Annex 4.8.

1.4.2 Surveys

Two surveys were conducted in English; one with all beneficiary countries and the second with a select group of stakeholders and partners. The survey questions are included in Annex 4.2 and 4.4 of this report. The surveys were conducted online and available to respondents from 4 - 29 September 2023.

The first survey was sent to beneficiaries of the target countries for the project. 36 individuals (20 women; 16 men) representing 12 countries were invited to participate in the survey. At the close of the collection period, 15 individuals from 8 countries responded (41.6% response rate). Of these responses, 12 respondents represented national statistical offices; 3 represented other domestic agencies; 11 were women and 4 were men. Full results are included in Annex 6.4 to this report.

The second survey was sent to 18 key stakeholders and partners (6 women; 12 men). Even with an extension of the collection period, only 6 responses were received (33% response rate) from 4 men and 2 women. The low response rate limited the type of analysis that could be conducted. The results were used to confirm/challenge the findings identified through the desk review and the in-depth interviews.

6 UNECE Evaluation Policy. https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/Item10_ECE_EX_2021_35_Evaluation%20Policy.pdf

7 ST/AI/2021/3

8 UNEG 2016 Norms and Standards for Evaluation. https://www.unevaluation.org/document/detail/1914

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1.4.3 Interviews

A series of interviews with the stakeholders/partners were conducted to further gather both qualitative and quantitative information. The interviews were conducted by video conference during the month of September 2023. The interview guide is included in Annex 4.5 to this report.

The invitation was sent to 10 key stakeholders/partners (3 women; 7 men) who represented the various components of the project (SNA, CPI, SBR, Informal Sector and Remittances). Nine individuals (2 women; 7 men) graciously gave their time and feedback regarding the various activities and outcomes. Their insights and views were valuable in forming the findings, recommendations and the lessons learned of this evaluation. A list of the key stakeholders is included in Annex 4.7 of this report.

2.0 FINDINGS

2.1 RELEVANCE

2.1.1 To what extent was the project design appropriate for meeting the needs of beneficiary countries?

The project design was appropriate for meeting the needs of the beneficiary countries.

The overall aim of the project was to increase the capacity of EECCA countries in compiling national accounts and supporting statistics according to the recommendations of the 2008 SNA and other relevant international standards, with focus on outstanding priority areas identified by the countries. These priority areas were derived from the Global Assessments of countries in the EECCA region, which was jointly carried out by the UNECE, Eurostat and EFTA as well as the regional and national plans for implementation of the 2008 SNA. The project work was guided by the UNECE Steering Group on National Accounts. The project built on the activities and progress achieved in the work to support the implementation of the 2008 SNA and supporting economic statistics in the EECCA region, prior to its inception.

The project activities included participation of experts from beneficiary countries in UNECE Group meetings, regional workshops and special sessions to ensure capacity building and shared learning within the EECCA countries. The design also included simultaneous interpretation in meetings and workshops and translation of project documentation, training materials and handbooks to Russian to facilitate participation and ongoing work.

At the end of each workshop or meeting, participants were encouraged to share suggestions for improvement and ideas for future agenda items. The feedback and input were used to formulate the agenda and organization of subsequent meetings.

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2.1.2 To what extent did the project respond to the priorities and needs of national statistical offices in beneficiary countries? How relevant were the project activities to the countries’ needs and priorities?

The project responded “to a high extent” to the priorities and needs of national statistical offices in the beneficiary countries.

FIGURE 1: EVALUATION OF THE UNECE PROJECT ON ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL STATISTICS

• Source: Project Evaluation Online survey – Question 5

The results of the online survey of beneficiary countries showed 73% of respondents indicated the project’s activities met their country’s needs to a high extent and 27% to a moderate extent. This finding was also supported in the review of the evaluations of the various activities that were conducted throughout the project. Overall the participants were very satisfied with the workshops and meetings as well as the quality of the discussions and presentations.

During the span of the project, the meetings of the Group of Experts generally included special sessions for the beneficiary countries with topics identified by the countries. For example, the 2017 and 2019 meetings of the Group of Experts on Business Registers included Special Sessions for the EECCA and SSEE countries to encourage exchanges and presentations aimed at improving the coverage and accuracy of Statistical Business Registers and short-term business statistics. In 2017 the UNECE Guidelines on SBR – activities in the CIS was presented and produced in both English and Russian. In 2019 the special session focussed on different CPI data collection methods; the treatment of seasonal items and missing observation; index calculation and weighting; owner- occupied housing and rentals in the CPI; and how to meet user needs in terms of documentation, dissemination and communication of the CPI. All of these topics were developed to achieve the project’s objectives and respond to the beneficiary countries’ needs.

Due to the global pandemic, several activities were delayed, postponed or moved to a virtual platform rather than face-to-face meetings. There were mixed reviews regarding the online forum. The online forum increased the number of experts who could participate in the meetings and workshops as travel was no longer required. However, there were some technical difficulties raised with some of the platforms that were used. Several people consulted during the evaluation process spoke about the value in having face-to-face meetings as many extended discussions and personal learning happen during the breaks and outside the formal meeting agenda.

2.1.3 To what extent was the project aligned with the SDGs?

Partnerships (SDG 17) between stakeholders including governments, international and regional organizations, businesses and academia and civil society are a driving force of UNECE’s work. This includes work to improve connectivity with the regions (SDGs 7, 8, 9, 11,13), and contributing to creating more dynamic and resilient economies (SDGs 7, 8, 9,11, 13). The UNECE works for member countries by supporting evidence-based decision making through reliable statistics and improved monitoring, analysis and policy advice; fostering cooperation

To what extent did the event respond to your country's statistical needs and priorities?

To a high extent To a moderate extent To a low extent Not at all

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among all stakeholders at the country and regional level; building countries’ capacities to implement its norms, conventions and standards.9

Basic sound economics, including key figures of the national accounts are fundamental in relation to the SDGs. Several proposed SDG indicators on income, consumption, and production depend on the availability of comprehensive and high-quality national statistics that are internationally comparable.

The project was designed to help EECCA countries improve the coherence, timeliness and internationally comparability of socio-economic statistics that are crucial for the monitoring of a country’s social and economic progress. The project design encouraged the collaboration of experts from the statistical offices as well as central agency representatives from national banks and finance ministries which improved the coherence of the statistical outputs.

2.1.4 What takeaways are there for ensuring relevance of future projects of UNECE Statistical Division?

The project activities were linked to the work programme of the UNECE Statistical Division to ensure continuity and coordination with international work on national accounts and supporting statistics. This is a critical element for continued success of future projects.

The global pandemic forced the UNECE to examine and implement innovative ways to continue with the activities essential in achieving a successful outcome to the project.

UNECE’s ability to draw on established partnerships and to obtain additional resources through in-kind or financial contributions extended the project to the benefit of the targeted countries and expanded the scope of the project to address outstanding issues, identified by EECCA countries, resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

2.1.5 To what extent were gender, human rights and disability perspectives integrated into the design and implementation of the project? What results can be identified from these actions? How can gender and human rights perspectives be better included in future projects design and implementation?

There is no evidence from document review or information gathered throughout this review that gender, human rights and disability perspectives were integrated into the design and implementation of the project. However, it is evident from the evaluation that women and youth were involved in all aspects of the project and persons with disabilities were accommodated throughout the various meetings, workshops and special sessions.

To ensure gender and human rights perspectives be better included in future projects, there should be an explicit objective built into the project design that can be monitored and evaluated during and at the end of the project. Expertise in gender quality, disability inclusion, environment and or human rights should be sought in the development of these objectives and with the evaluation process.

9 SDG Priorities. Supporting countries to achieve the SDGs https://unece.org/sdg-priorities

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2.2 EFFECTIVENESS

2.2.1 To what extent were the project objectives and results achieved?

The overall aim of the project and the expected outcomes were achieved.

The project consisted of four inter-related modules with the overall goal to enhance coherence and integration of economic and social statistics in support of the implementation of the 2008 SNA. The four modules were: Methods and compilation techniques for the implementation of the 2008 SNA and supporting economic statistics; Price Statistics – development of price indices and deflators for national accounts aggregates; Statistical business registers – improving coverage and accuracy of national statistical business registers; and Expanding the use of household surveys for the estimates of the informal sector and remittances.

Each module had specific objectives with activities designed to achieve the objectives (see Annex 6.6 for full details). All the activities within each module were completed and additional activities were added with the project extension. The project activities included participation of experts from EECCA countries in international statistical Expert Group meetings, regional workshops and special sessions designed specifically to address their needs. The project activities also included the development of statistical methods/tools for integrating migration in household surveys and development of training material. The desk review, supported by the online survey results and interviews with key stakeholders, provided evidence that the capacity of countries in compiling national accounts and supporting statistics increased.

However, there were limitations in the evaluation. For example to properly assess whether the knowledge and expertise of the staff in the national statistical offices of EECCA countries improved and/or their capacity to implement standards and recommendations in practice could only be achieved through an in-depth country peer review or update to the Global Assessments.

2.2.2 To what extent did the project improve the competencies of national statistical offices in the beneficiary countries to produce and use macroeconomic statistics in their countries?

The activities of the project were designed and implemented to improve the competencies of national statistical offices in the beneficiary countries.

An explicit example is the Special Session that was organized to support the EECCA and SEE countries on the use of Supply and Use tables (SUTs) as well as Input Output tables (IOTs). SUTs are at the core of National Accounts and represent a framework to ensure better quality, coherency, and consistency of macroeconomic aggregates. A survey among the target countries carried out before the session revealed that 15 countries were developing SUTs, some of them being at initial or experimental estimates. The main challenges identified by countries were lack of suitable data sources, human resources and time constrains. The focus of the special session was to help the EECCA & SEE countries address their challenges. During this session, different IT tools for the compilation of SUTs and IOTs were presented which including a short training session on two tools developed by the IMF to support balancing of SUTs and conversion into IOTs. The Special Session also helped EECCA and SEE countries share experience on data sources and compilation techniques and informed them on new developments in SUTs and IOTs. The evaluation survey at the end of the session showed that 95 percent of the participants considered the session to be very helpful or useful for their future work.

The second concrete example is the development of a harmonized survey module on migration and remittances for countries in EECCA. The survey module, developed within the context of the project, was designed to enable a regular sustainable collection of internationally comparable data on migration and remittances. Improvements in the coverage, exhaustiveness, and comparability of statistics on migration & remittances support SDG monitoring needs, in line with international standards. The module was tested in Tajikistan in late 2019 with a technical assistance mission supported by the project fund. Findings from the pilot test were shared with the EECCA countries in 2020 and the harmonized module was released in 2021 as a standard tool that has been produced in Russian and English.

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2.2.3 To what extent are the project activities coherent and harmonized with those of other partners operating with the same context, particularly those of other UN system entities?

This UNECE-managed project is coherent and harmonized with those of partner organizations. Representatives from EFTA, Eurostat, ILO, OECD, UNSD and World Bank were all consulted during the evaluation and were all very complimentary of the UNECE’s collaboration and coordination expertise. Apart from the World Bank, who was the sponsor of the project, these partners are members of the UNECE Steering Group on National Accounts who guided and advised on the activities undertaken throughout the project.

During this evaluation the UNECE was recognized for its exceptional organization skills and the collaboration with other partners in the international statistical system to provide high quality learning activities. The UNECE was effective at bringing together expertise and ensuring no duplication with other international activities. The team members were also recognized for constantly seeking feedback and input and acting on the information gathered to improve subsequent events/activities. Consultation regarding agenda items and effective advanced planning ensured a positive experience for participants.

In the development of the various activities carried out throughout the project, the UNECE considered the CIS-Stat activities financed by the Trust Fund for Statistical Capacity Building and ensured there were no overlaps between the two projects.

2.2.4 What were the challenges/obstacles (Including COVID-19 and sub-regional instability) to achieving the expected results? How successfully did the project overcome these?

The most significant challenge to achieving the expected results on time was the onset of the global pandemic in early 2020. All planned activities for 2020 had to be adjusted. Face-to-face meetings were replaced with online sessions and adjustments were made to accommodate the new way of conducting the project (ie shorter sessions over many days). A dedicated wiki page was created to share the results of the activities.

In October 2020 a three-day special online session was conducted with a focus on the EECCA countries to provide an overview of the migration and remittances situation in these countries during the pandemic. The session explored the impact of the pandemic on the measurement of migration and remittances and review the use of administrative data in producing migration statistics. A consultant was also hired to carry out a survey on migration and remittances measurement in the pandemic which included data sources, methods and challenges faced and solutions applied. The results of the survey were presented and discussed during the meeting.

The June 2020 meeting of the Group of Experts on Consumer Price Indices had to be postponed to 2021 due to the pandemic. During the meeting in 2021 a draft Guide on producing CPI under lockdown was presented. The Guide provided recommendations and good practices for data collection, imputation methods and communication approaches that countries can refer to in periods of lockdown or extenuating circumstances. The Guide was published in August 2021 and is available in English on the UNECE website.

The second challenge that the project faced was the political instability in the region in 2022. Few mitigation measures are possible as events organized under ECASTAT are technical and not political events.

2.2.5 What (if anything) has prevented the project from achieving the desired results?

All the challenges and obstacles the project faced were addressed. The global pandemic and the forced change in the way the activities were conducted resulted in a no-cost project extension and additional workshops and sessions being organized and conducted. The use of online platforms for workshops and sessions increased the number of participants from targeted countries including statisticians as well as representatives of their central agencies.

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2.3 EFFICIENCY

2.3.1 Were the resources allocated adequate for achieving results?

The project was sponsored by the ECASTAT regional trust fund established by the World Bank for assisting countries to improve their statistical system. According to the Project proposal a budget of $912,00010 (Table 1) was established to support the project.

TABLE 1: BUDGET ALLOCATION Activity Planned events Budget Amount - $912,000

Seminars and workshops

- Expert Group Meetings - Regional Workshops &

Seminars - Interpretation & logistics

- 5 - 6

$508,600

Translation of training material $29,400

Consultants & contractual services $178,000

Consultant – project administration $96,000

Staff Travel - 6 regional workshops $24,000

Miscellaneous costs $58,000

Independent project evaluation $18,000

During the initial project timeframe (2017-2020) $399,000 was used to support the project module activities, project administration and UN Programme support (Table 2). The unused $513,000 was the result of delayed or postponed activities due to the global pandemic as well as an increase in resources to support the project provided by EFTA and the UN Development Account Programme on Statistics and Data. The $513,000 was re-allocated to the no cost project extension that was approved for 2021-2023.

10 All financial figures are in US Dollars

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TABLE 2: INITIAL PROJECT ALLOCATION OF FUNDS AND EXPENDITURES PER MODULE (2017-2020) Modules Budget Expenditures Unused Funds

Methodology & compilation techniques of 2008 SNA

$234,000 $38,000 $196,000

Price Statistics & compilation of national accounts aggregates at constant prices

$142,000 $58,000 $84,000

Improving the coverage and accuracy of statistical business registers & short-term statistics

$116,000 $47,000 $69,000

Expanding the use of household surveys for the estimates of the informal sector and remittances

$248,000 $183,000 $65,000

Project Administration, UN Programme Support and Project Evaluation

$172,000 $73,000 $99,000

TOTAL $912,000 $399,000 $513,000

The following activities were designed and implemented within the project extension: 3 meetings of Group of Experts on National Accounts; 2 meetings of the Group of Expert on Consumer Prices Indices; 1 meeting of the Group of Experts on Business Registers; a workshop on migration statistics and two regional workshops on National Accounts. Table 3 presents the budget allocation for the 2021-2023 project extension.

TABLE 3: BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR 2021-2023

Year Activity Budget

2021 Meeting of the Group of Experts on National Accounts Meeting of the Group of Experts on CPI Workshop on Migration Statistics

$126,000

2022 Meeting of the Group of Experts on National Accounts Meeting of the Group of Experts on Business Registers Regional workshop on National Accounts

$144,000

2023 Meeting of the Group of Experts on National Accounts Meeting of the Group of Experts on CPI Regional workshop on National Accounts

$144,000

Project Administration $49,000

UN Programme support costs $32,410

Independent project evaluation $17,880

TOTAL $513,290

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The final financial reporting information was not completed at the time of this evaluation. However, the evaluation concluded that all the planned activities, including those added as a result of the no-cost extension, were completed. There were 24 Expert Group meetings, webinars, regional workshops, special sessions successfully conducted from 2017-2023 (see Annex 4.6). In addition, training materials were developed, a Guide on Producing CPI under Lockdown11 was developed and a harmonized survey module on migration and remittances for countries in EECCA was created (see 2.2.2 for details).

2.3.2 Were the results achieved on time and were all activities organized efficiently?

The project was completed within the allocated timeframe. Some activities were postponed due to COVID-19 and political unrest in the region, but all were eventually completed albeit in formats different from the original plan. The UNECE quickly adapted to the new global reality and implemented the use of online/virtual meetings in order to complete the planned activities. Efficient use of funds and inter-agency collaboration supported a no-cost extension to the project. The use of virtual meeting platforms increased the number of participants expanding the exchange and experiential learning encouraged by the project.

2.3.3. To what extent were the resources used economically and how could the use of resources be improved?

The financial resources were effectively and efficiently managed. In addition to the funding providing by the ECASTAT Trust Fund, the UNECE collaborated with EFTA which provided funding and in-kind contributions for many of the planned activities UNECE was also able to augment the available resources by using funds from the UN Development Account Programme on Statistics and Data to cover costs such as the participation of national experts in meetings and workshops as well as the critical translation of training materials. The no-cost extension for 2021-2023 was possible due to these additional sources of funding that occurred during the initial project timeframe (2017-2020) as well as the cost savings during COVID-19 due to the delay, postponement or replacement of face-to-face meetings with virtual sessions.

2.4 SUSTAINABILITY

2.4.1 What measures were adopted to ensure that project outcomes would continue after the project ended and to what extent have these measures addressed the existing risks for sustainability?

The following measures have been adopted to ensure the project outcomes continue: all project documentation is available through online channels and all activities encouraged the exchange of good practices and participation of EECCA experts in workshops, meetings and regional sessions. The project stimulated the creation of a network of experts from the EECCA region. This network which includes representatives from the national statistical offices as well as representatives from central banks and ministries of finance aims to improve the institutional cooperation and consistency between the national accounts and balance of payments.

In addition, the guidance notes of the SNA and Balance of Payments Manual, 6th Edition (BPM6) developed by the joint UN Task Team on Informal Economy has been translated into Russian to ensure that the EECCA region is fully involved in the consultation process.

The development of the harmonized survey module for a standard measurement of migration and remittances for countries in EECCA establishes the way in which these countries can arrive at estimates of migration and remittances that support SDG monitoring needs, are in line with international standards and are harmonized among CIS countries. The module is available as a standard tool and produced in Russian and English.

11 United Nations Geneva, 2021 Guide on producing CPI under lockdown https://www.unece.org/statistics/publications/guide-producing-cpi- under-lockdown

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The results of the online survey of beneficiary countries rated the quality of support provided by the UNECE as “excellent” (60%) and “good” (40%). It also showed the extent of the work of the activities still relevant to their country as “to a high extent” (73%) and “to a moderate extent” (20%). When asked whether the outputs of the activities are sustainable, 47% said “to a high extent”; 40% said to a “moderate extent”, and 13% said “to a low extent”. The major risks identified for sustainability included lack of expert staff (67%), staff turnover (47%), limited technical capabilities (53%) and lack of funding (40%).

FIGURE 2: EVALUATION SURVEY – EVALUATION OF THE UNECE PROJECT ON ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL STATISTICS

* source – Project Evaluation Survey – Questions 8 and 6

2.4.2 To what extent do the partners and beneficiaries “own” the outcomes of the work? How is the stakeholders’ engagement likely to continue, be scaled up, replicated or institutionalized?

The UNECE has a mandate to support the implementation of 2008 SNA and supporting economics statistics in the EECA region. The Steering Group on National Accounts, established by the Bureau of the Conference of European Statisticians guides the work of the UNECE Statistical Division in the area of national accounts and supporting economic statistics, including activities to support and monitor the implementation of the 2008 SNA in the EECCA and to advise on the provision of methodological recommendations, training and other capacity building activities on national accounts. Country representatives from the EECCA are members of the Steering Group.

By nature of their mandates these partners/stakeholders are committed to maintaining and progressing the work undertaken during the project.

Continued sharing of experience and lessons learned is critical to the ongoing improvement of the statistical system in the beneficiary countries. EECCA participation in the Expert Group meetings is encouraged and where possible regional workshops would continue to offer continuous growth and learning. Lack of resources and funding are likely to be a major challenge in sustaining the work.

How would you rate the quality of the support provided by the UNECE

Excellent Good Average Poor

To what extent is the work still relevant to your country?

To a high extent To a moderate extent

To a low extent Not at all

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2.5 GENDER AND HUMAN RIGHTS CONSIDERATIONS

Throughout the review, it was evident that women and men were involved in the various project activities, and in the evaluation process. Youth were also involved in the various activities. Consideration was given to those with physical disabilities during the workshops conducted. Training materials were translated to ensure beneficiary countries could learn in their preferred language. However, no gender consideration was recorded in the project’s proposal and no indicator established.

The evaluation process was inclusive by ensuring that a diverse group of stakeholders, partners and beneficiary countries were consulted and encouraged to provide information and input. This included women, men and youth. It is unknown if anyone who was consulted during the process was a person with disabilities. The two online surveys included a question on gender and the survey intended for stakeholders asked a question regarding the participation of women, persons with disabilities, minority groups and youths in the project’s activities and events. The interviews conducted with international and regional partners explored cross cutting questions regarding the inclusion of women, persons with disabilities, minority groups and youth as well as gender and human rights.

Although all UNECE projects are as inclusive as possible, this one included, the human rights dimension is a difficult and complex aspect to cover. The human rights dimension was not incorporated in the project proposal and the project outcomes make no explicit reference to the human rights. It should be considered however, that the Generic Law on Official Statistics (GLOS)12 requires “equal and simultaneous access” to official statistics for all users and is aligned with the United Nations Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics-Principle 1 of Relevance, Impartiality and Equal Access.13 The GLOS was developed within the UNECE Project “Strengthening national capacity in the most vulnerable UNECE countries for the sustainable development of statistics”. It was developed primarily for the beneficiary countries of the project and EECCA countries were consulted throughout its development.

12 https://unece.org/DAM/stats/publications/2016/ECECESSTAT20163_E.pdf

13 https://unstats.un.org/unsd/dnss/hb/E-fundamental%20principles_A4-WEB.pdf

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3.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

3.1 CONCLUSIONS

Based on the evaluation findings, the evaluator has the following conclusions.

The overall aim of the project was to increase the capacity of EECCA countries in compiling national accounts and supporting statistics according to the recommendations of the 2008 SNA and other relevant international standards. This was accomplished through a series of four inter-related modules with specific activities designed to achieve the goal to enhance coherence and integration of economic and social statistics in support of the implementation of the 2008 SNA. The project design was appropriate for meeting the needs and priorities of the beneficiary countries. All the activities designed to support the project’s objectives were completed on time and on budget.

Basic sound economics, including key figures of the national accounts are fundamental in relation to the SDGs. Several proposed SDG indicators on income, consumption, and production depend on the availability of comprehensive and high-quality national statistics that are internationally comparable. The project was designed to help EECCA countries improve the coherence, timeliness and internationally comparability of socio-economic statistics that are crucial for the monitoring of a country’s social and economic progress. The project design encouraged the collaboration of experts from the statistical offices as well as central agency representatives from national banks and finance ministries which improved the coherence of the statistical outputs.

The project activities were linked to the work programme of the UNECE Statistical Division to ensure continuity and coordination with international work on national accounts and supporting statistics. This is a critical element for continued success of future projects.

The most significant challenge that the project faced was the unprecedented global pandemic in early 2020 that forced the UNECE to examine and implement innovative ways to continue with the activities essential in achieving a successful outcome to the project. The use of virtual platforms saved costs and increased participation in the workshops and session organized within the project.

Although the UNECE Statistical Division has limited resources, its ability to draw on established partnerships and to obtain additional resources through in-kind or financial contributions extended the project to the benefit of the targeted countries and expanded the scope of the project to address outstanding issues, identified by EECCA countries, resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

During this evaluation the UNECE was recognized for its exceptional organization skills and the collaboration with other partners in the international statistical system to provide high quality learning activities. The UNECE was effective at bringing together expertise and ensuring no duplication with other international activities. The team members were also recognized for constantly seeking feedback and input and acting on the information gathered to improve subsequent events/activities. Consultation regarding agenda items and effective advanced planning ensured a positive experience for participants.

All UNECE work is designed to be as inclusive as possible, however, the human rights dimension is a difficult aspect to cover. The human rights dimension was not incorporated in the project proposal and the project outcomes make no explicit reference to the human rights. No gender consideration was recorded in the project’s proposal and no indicator established.

There were limitations in the evaluation. For example to properly assess whether the knowledge and expertise of the staff in the national statistical offices of EECCA countries improved and/or their capacity to implement standards and recommendations in practice could only be achieved through an in-depth country peer review or update to the Global Assessments. This was not done as part of this evaluation.

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3.2 RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the findings and the good practices identified throughout the evaluation of the project, the evaluator offers the following recommendations for consideration.

1. The global pandemic forced the UNECE to rethink the way it conducted business to ensure continuity of the project. These innovative solutions introduced good practices that should be continued. The UNECE is encouraged to use a hybrid model when organizing its workshops and regional sessions in the future. The introduction of short webinars and the video capture of in person sessions provided additional learning opportunities. A combination of face-to-face activities and virtual offerings reaches a broader group of people. Using appropriate and tested technologies that accommodates everyone’s participation is encouraged.

2. To properly assess the degree to which the knowledge and expertise of the staff in the national statistical offices of EECCA countries improved and/or their capacity to implement standards and recommendations increased, an in-depth country peer review or update to the Global Assessments should be conducted.

3. Continued sharing of experience and lessons learned is critical to the ongoing improvement of the

statistical system in the beneficiary countries. EECCA participation in the Expert Group meetings is encouraged and where possible regional workshops or special sessions would continue to offer continuous growth and learning.

4. To ensure sustainability, future activities should be linked to the work programme of the UNECE Statistical Division. Although the budget of the UNECE Statistical Division is limited, it is encouraged to use its exceptional collaboration and outreach skills to secure additional funding from key project stakeholders, be it in-kind or financial resources.

5. For gender and human rights perspectives to be better included in future projects, there should be an explicit objective built into the project design that can be monitored and evaluated during and at the end of the project. Expertise in gender quality, disability inclusion, environment and or human rights should be sought in the development of these objectives and with the evaluation process.

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4.0 ANNEXES

4.1 TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE EVALUATION

I. Purpose

The purpose of this evaluation is to assess the extent to which the objectives of the UNECE project E264 “Enhancing coherence and integration of economic and social statistics in support of the implementation of 2008 System of National Accounts” were achieved.

The evaluation will assess the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and sustainability of the project.

The evaluation will also assess any impacts the project may have had on progressing human rights, gender equality, disability inclusion, climate change and disaster risk reduction in the context of this engagement. The evaluation will finally look at the activities repurposed to address the impact of the COVID-19 crisis, and assess, to the extent possible, UNECE’s COVID-19 early response through this project.

II. Background

The project aimed at increasing the capacity of countries in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia in compiling national accounts and supporting statistics according to the recommendations of international statistical standards. The activities of the project included the following four modules:

1) Methods and compilation techniques for implementation of the 2008 SNA and supporting economic statistics. 2) Price statistics - development of price indices and deflators for national accounts aggregates. 3) Statistical business registers - improving coverage and accuracy of national statistical business registers. 4) Expanding the use of household surveys for the estimates of the informal sector and remittances.

The activities were carried out in cooperation with other international and regional partners, including CIS-STAT, EFTA, Eurostat, ILO, IMF, OECD and World Bank.

III. Evaluation objectives, scope and questions

The evaluation will be guided by the objectives, indicators of achievement and means of verification established in the logical framework of the project document. The evaluation will be conducted in Q3 of 2023. It will cover the full implementation of the project, from June 2017 to June 2023 in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan)

The final evaluation of the project has the following specific objectives:

· Determine as systematically and objectively as possible the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and sustainability of the project results in light of its goals and objectives. · Assess how the project activities contributed to gender equality and women’ s empowerment, as well as the realization of human rights, with an emphasis on ‘leaving no one behind’ and, if needed, it will make recommendations on how these considerations can be better addressed in future activities of the sub-programme. · Identify good practices and lessons learned from the project and formulate action-oriented, forward- looking recommendations addressed to the sub-programme for improving future interventions.

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The evaluation criteria are relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and sustainability.

Relevance 1. To what extent was the project design appropriate for meeting the needs of beneficiary countries? 2. To what extent did the project respond to the priorities and needs of national statistical offices in beneficiary countries? How relevant were the project activities to the countries’ needs and priorities? 3. To what extent was the project aligned with the SDGs? 4. What takeaways are there for ensuring relevance of future projects of UNEE Statistical Division? 5. To what extent were gender, human rights and disability perspectives integrated into the design and implementation of the project? What results can be identified from these actions? How can gender and human rights perspectives be better included in future projects design and implementation? Effectiveness 6. To what extent were the project objectives and expected results achieved? 7. To what extent did the project improve the competencies of national statistical offices in the beneficiary countries to produce and use macroeconomic statistics in their countries? 8. To what extent are the project activities coherent and harmonized with those of other partners operating within the same context, particularly those of other UN system entities? 9. What were the challenges/obstacles (including COVID-19 and sub-regional instability) to achieving the expected results? How successfully did the project overcome these? 10. What (if anything) has prevented the project from achieving the desired results? Efficiency 11. Were the resources adequate for achieving the results? 12. Were the results achieved on time and were all activities organized efficiently? 13. To what extent were the resources used economically and how could the use of resources be improved? Sustainability 14. What measures were adopted to ensure that project outcomes would continue after the project ended and to what extent have these measures addressed the existing risks for sustainability? 15. To what extent do the partners and beneficiaries ‘own’ the outcomes of the work? How is the stakeholders’ engagement likely to continue, be scaled up, replicated, or institutionalized? IV. Evaluation approach and methodology

The evaluation will be conducted in accordance with: the ECE Evaluation Policy; the Administrative instruction guiding Evaluation in the UN Secretariat; and the United Nations Evaluation Group (UNEG) Norms and Standards for Evaluation. Human rights and gender equality considerations will be integrated at all stages of the evaluation: (i) in the evaluation scope and questions; (ii) in the methods, tools and data analysis techniques; (iii) in the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the final report. The evaluator will explicitly explain how human rights, gender, disability, SDGs, and climate change considerations will be taken into account during the evaluation.

The evaluator is required to use a mixed-method approach, including qualitative as well as quantitative data gathering and analysis as the basis for a triangulation exercise of all available data to draw conclusions and findings.

The evaluation should be conducted based on the following mixed methods to triangulate information: 1. A desk review of all relevant documents, including the project document and information on project activities (monitoring data); materials developed in support of the activities (agendas, plans, participant lists, background documents, donor reports and publications); Proposed programme budgets covering the evaluation period; project reports to the donor.

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2. Online survey of key stakeholders and beneficiaries: the survey will be developed by the consultant on her/his preferred platform. 3. Interviews (in-person and/or by telephone/video): the evaluator shall interview a wide range of diverse stakeholders and beneficiaries. 4. Remote observation of virtual workshops and meetings, including recordings of meetings.

The evaluator will further elaborate on the evaluation methodology in the Inception Report that will among others include the survey questions and whether any of the 12 countries will be selected for an in-depth assessment. The evaluation report will be written in English, will consist of approximately 30 pages and will include an executive summary (max. 2 pages) describing the evaluation methodology, key findings, conclusions and recommendations. The evaluator will also produce an Evaluation Brief summarizing key evaluation findings, lessons learned and recommendations, including through images and infographics.

V. Evaluation schedule

May 2023 ToR finalized June 2023 Evaluator selected June 2023 Contract signed. Evaluator starts the desk review July 2023 Evaluator submits inception report including survey design August 2023 Launch of data gathering, including survey and interviews September 2023 Evaluator submits draft evaluation report and evaluation brief October 2023 Evaluator submits final evaluation report and evaluation brief

VI. Resources and Management of the evaluation

An independent consultant will be engaged to conduct the evaluation under the management of the PMU. Payment will be made upon satisfactory delivery of work.

The Programme Management Unit (PMU) will manage the evaluation and will be involved in the following steps: Selection of the evaluator; Preparation and clearance of the Terms of Reference; Provision of guidance to the Project Manager and evaluator as needed on the evaluation design and methodology; Clearance of the final report after quality assurance of the draft report.

The Project Manager, in consultation with the Division Director, will be involved in the following steps: Provide all documentation needed for desk review, contact details, support and guidance to the evaluation consultant as needed throughout the timeline of the evaluation; Advise the evaluator on the recipients for the questionnaire and for follow-up interviews; Process and manage the consultancy contract of the evaluator, along the key milestones agreed with PMU.

VII. Intended use / Next steps

The results of the evaluation will be used in the planning and implementation of future activities of the UNECE Economic Cooperation and Integration Subprogramme. Findings of this evaluation will be used when possible to: · improve direct project’s follow up actions, implementation of products by project beneficiaries and dissemination of the knowledge created through the project; · assess the gaps and further needs of countries in the area of this project; · formulate tailored capacity building projects to strengthen the national capacity in enhancing innovation.

The results of the evaluation will be reported to the Conference of European Statisticians

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Following the issuance of the final report, the Project Manager will develop a Management Response for addressing the recommendations made by the evaluator. The final evaluation report, the management response and the progress on implementation of recommendations will be publicly available on the UNECE website.

VIII. Criteria for evaluators

The evaluator should have: 1. An advanced university degree or equivalent background in relevant disciplines. 2. Knowledge of and experience in working on data and statistics; knowledge of and experience in economic statistics desirable. 3. Relevant professional experience in design and management of evaluation processes with multiple stakeholders, survey design and implementation, project planning, monitoring and management, gender mainstreaming and human-rights due diligence. 4. Demonstrated methodological knowledge of evaluations, including quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis for end-of-cycle project evaluations, including demonstrated experience in conducting questionnaires and interviews. 5. Fluency in written and spoken English.

Evaluators should declare any conflict of interest to UNECE before embarking on an evaluation project and at any point where such conflict occurs.

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4.2 ONLINE SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE – BENEFICIARY COUNTRIES

4.2.1 Introductory text

This online survey is conducted in the context of the evaluation of the UNECE Project: Enhancing Coherence and Integration of Economic and Social Statistics in Support of the Implementation of 2008 System of National Accounts.

The purpose of this survey is to gather the views of target countries and beneficiaries on the events and activities organized by the UNECE associated with this project.

The survey, which contains 15 questions, will be conducted in English and take approximately 15 minutes to complete. All responses are confidential, and no individual can be identified from their responses. UNECE will not have access to the raw survey results but only to aggregated information. Should you have any question or concerns, please contact the evaluator, Constance Graziadei at [email protected].

The survey will be available until Friday 22 September 2023.

Thank you in advance for your participation.

4.2.2 Questionnaire

1. Country • (drop down menu)

2. Which institution do you represent? • National Statistical Office • Other Domestic Agencies (Ministry of Finance, Central Bank) • Other: _______________________

3. Gender of respondent • Male • Female • Other: _________________ • Prefer not to respond

4. What event (meeting or workshop) organised by UNECE have you participate in? • National Accounts event • Price statistics event • Statistical business registers event • Events on expanding the use of household surveys for the estimates of the informal sector and

remittances

5. To what extent did the event (s) respond to your country’s statistical needs and priorities? • To a high extent • To a moderate extent • To a low extent • Not at all • Do not know

6. To what extent is the work of the event (s) still relevant to your county? • To a high extent • To a moderate extent

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• To a low extent • Not at all • Do not know

7. To what extent did the activities and outputs from the event help to improve your statistics? • To a high extent • To a moderate extent • To a low extent • Not at all • Do not know

8. How would you rate the quality of the support provided by the UNECE? • Excellent • Good • Average • Poor • Do not know

9. How effective were the regional workshops or the UNECE Expert Group meetings? • Excellent • Good • Average • Poor • Do not know

10. How effective was the sharing of best practices throughout the event (s)? • Excellent • Good • Average • Poor • Do not know

11. To what extent did the project respond to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on planned activities? • To a high extent • To a moderate extent • To a low extent • Not at all • Do not know • Not applicable

12. To what extent are the outputs from the event sustainable? • To a high extent • To a moderate extent • To a low extent • Not at all • Do not know

13. What are the main risks for the results to be maintained? Please select all that apply • Lack of expert staff • Staff turnover • Limited technical capacities

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• Lack of funding • Government change • None • Other: ___________________________

14. Are there any lessons learned or good practices from the project that should be considered for future

projects?

Text box

15. Do you have any comments or recommendations?

Text box

4.3 ONLINE SURVEY RESULTS – BENEFICIARY COUNTRIES 15 responses (11 women; 4 men) were received and results analyzed. On average it took respondents 15:27 minutes to complete the questionnaire.

Q1. Country

4

1

4

1 0 0 1 0 1 2

0 0 1

Arm en

ia

Azer baij

an

Belar us

Geo rgi

a

Kaza kh

sta n

Kyrg yzs

tan

Moldova

Mongo lia

Russi an

Fe dera

tio n

Ta jik

ist an

Tu rkm

enist an

Ukra ine

Uzb ek

ist an

Countries Responses

31

Q2. Which institution do you represent?

Q3. Gender

Q4. What events (meeting or workshop) organized by the UNECE did you participate in?

National Statistical Office Other domestic agencies

Gender

Woman Man Prefer not to say Other

11

4 0 0

GENDER Gender

53% 27%

7% 13%

Event participants

System of National Accounts

Price Statistics

Statistical Business Register

Measuring Migration and Remittances

32

Q5. To what extent did the event (s) respond to your country’s statistical needs and priorities?

Q6. To what extent is the work of the event (s) still relevant to your country?

Q7. To what extent did the activities and outputs from the event (s) help to improve your statistics?

11 4

0 0

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

TO A HIGH EXTENT TO A MODERATE EXTENT

TO A LOW EXTENT NOT AT ALL

Statistical needs & priorities

Statistical needs & priorities

To a high extent 7

To a moderate

extent 8

To a low extent 0

Not at all 0

Improve Statistics

To a high extent To a moderate extent

To a low extent Not at all

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Q8. How would you rate the quality of the support provided by the UNECE?

Q9. How effective were the regional workshops or the UNECE Expert Group meetings?

Very effective 12 Somewhat ineffective 0

Somewhat effective 3 Very ineffective 0

Neither effective or ineffective 0 Do not know 0

Q10. How effective was the sharing of best practices throughout the event (s)?

Very effective 12 Somewhat ineffective 0

Somewhat effective 3 Very ineffective 0

Neither effective or ineffective 0 Do not know 0

Q11. To what extent did the project respond to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on planned activities?

60%40%

QUALITY OF SUPPORT

Excellent Good

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

COVID-19 response

To a high extent

To a moderate extent

To a low extent

Not at all

Do not know

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Q12. To what extent are the outputs from the various events sustainable?

Q13. What are the main risks for the results to be maintained? Please select all that apply

Q14. Are there any lessons learned or good practices from the project that should be considered for future projects?

- Measuring and consistent recording of non-observed economy in balance of payments the recording of e-commerce cross boarder transactions cryptocurrencies SPE MNE Groups data and others.

- A lot of theoretical information. - From the learned lessons we have planned the improvement of the statistical data production and tools. - Presentation of the experience of countries with good practices. - Good practices from the project helped us to establish Business Demography statistics and introduce geographical

coordinates in the Statistical Business Register. - Try to give the floor for all participation. - We made a research of card transactions, for 2019, by MCC and reflecting the results by EBOPS, after a presentation of

similar experience during NA Group of expert’s meetings and had a close collaboration with some colleagues to share our experience after 2023 meeting and presentation of our model of estimations of refugee’s transactions in BOP.

Q.15 Do you have any comments or recommendations?

- All UNECE events on price statistics are always very useful and helpful and informative. - We would like to see more workshops on price statistics, with participation from both regional statistical offices and

from countries with best practices in index calculations, which may be given the opportunity to consult themselves on

Sustainability

To a high extent To a moderate extent To a low extent Not at all

10

7 8

6

0 0 0 0 2 4 6 8

10 12

Lack of expert staff

Staff turover Limited technical

capabilities

Lack of funding Government change

None Other

Risk Factors

Risk Factors

35

the compilation of indices in practice, using the best practices for the collection of information they possess. Organize the exchange of experience between statistical offices in a particular country, to study practical skills in calculating indices.

- Participation in statistical business register events was highly informative for us. - To keep organizing regional meetings, additional to global events.

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4.4 ONLINE SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE – STAKEHOLDERS/PARTNERS

4.4.1 Introductory Text

This online survey is conducted in the context of the evaluation of the UNECE Project: Enhancing Coherence and Integration of Economic and Social Statistics in Support of the Implementation of 2008 System of National Accounts.

The purpose of this survey is to gather the views of the stakeholders and partners who have invested time and resources to help the UNECE carry out its mandate to support the implementation of 2008 SNA and supporting statistics in the Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia region.

The survey, which contains 12 questions, will be conducted in English and take approximately 10 minutes to complete. All responses are confidential, and no individual can be identified from their responses. UNECE will not have access to the raw survey results, only to aggregated information. Should you have any questions or concerns, please contact the evaluator, Constance Graziadei at [email protected].

The survey will be available until 29 September 2023. Thank you in advance for your participation.

6.4.2 Questionnaire

1. Which organization do you represent? Please select all that apply.

• Drop down menu

2. Gender of respondent • Male • Female • Other: _________________ • Prefer not to respond

3.What is your relationship with the project?

• Donor • Expert • Oversight • Regional Partner • Sponsor • Other: _________________

4. To what extent did the project respond to the priorities and needs of the beneficiary countries?

• To a high extent • To a moderate extent • To a low extent • Not at all • Do not know

5. How effective was the UNECE in drawing on established partnerships to achieve the results of the project?

• Very effective • Somewhat effective

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• Neither effective nor ineffective • Somewhat ineffective • Very ineffective • Do not know

6. To what extent were the project's activities harmonized with activities, events or projects within your organization?

• To a high extent • To a moderate extent • To a low extent • Not at all • Do not know

7. To what extent were alternative methods used to achieve the results more efficiently?

• To a high extent • To a moderate extent • To a low extent • Not at all • Do not know

8. To what extent are the results of the project sustainable?

• To a high extent • To a moderate extent • To a low extent • Not at all • Do not know

9. To what extent did the results of the activities and events organized by the UNECE align with the SDGs?

• To a high extent • To a moderate extent • To a low extent • Not at all • Do not know

10. To what extent did the UNECE encourage the participation of women, persons with disabilities, minority groups and youths in the events and activities?

• To a high extent • To a moderate extent • To a low extent • Not at all • Do not know

11. Are there any lessons learned or good practices from the project that should be considered for future projects?

Text box

12. Do you have any comments or recommendations? Text box

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4.5 INTERVIEW GUIDE – KEY STAKEHOLDERS

These questions are based on the evaluation matrix and will be used as a guideline only for interviews with international and regional partners. The questions will be tailored to each interview conducted. Follow up questions may be asked to explore emerging themes or discussions.

General

1. What is your relationship with the project and for how long have you been involved?

Relevance

2. To what extent did the project respond to the priorities and needs of the beneficiary countries? 3. To what extent did the activities and outputs from the project align with the project’s stated objectives?

a. Methodology and compilation techniques of 2008 System of National Accounts b. Price statistics c. Improving the coverage and accuracy of statistical business registers d. Expanding the use of household surveys for the estimates of the informal sector and remittances

Effectiveness

4. To what extend did the UNECE contribute to achieving the stated objectives? 5. How effective were the various activities used to achieve the project’s outcomes?

a. Regional workshops b. Participation in the UNECE Expert Group meetings c. Sharing of best practices

6. What were the challenges or obstacles to achieving the expected results? 7. What was the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on planned activities? How was the project realigned to

help participant countries address these issues? 8. How effective was the UNECE in drawing on established partnerships to achieve the results of the project? 9. To what extent were the project activities coherent and harmonized with activities within your

organization?

Efficiency

10. Were the resources sufficient to achieve the desired results? 11. Were alternative methods used to achieve results more efficiently? Please describe.

Sustainability

12. To what extent are the outputs from the various modules sustainable? a. Methodology and compilation techniques for 2008 System of National Accounts b. Price statistics c. Improving the coverage and accuracy of statistical business registers d. Expanding the use of household surveys for the estimates of the informal sector and remittances

13. To what extent do the results of the project align with the SDGs?

Cross Cutting Questions

14. Was the project designed to ensure inclusion of women, persons with disabilities, minority groups and youth?

15. Did the UNECE include women, persons with disabilities, minority groups or youth? 16. How can gender and human rights perspectives be better included in the design and implementation of

future projects?

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4.6 LIST OF PROJECT ACTIVITIES BY MODULE

4.6.1 Module 1 – National Accounts

YEAR ACTIVITY LOCATION

2017 Workshop on Consistency between National Accounts & Balance of Payments Statistics

Minsk, Belarus

2018 Workshop in compilation, dissemination and use of Supply and Use tables Meeting on the Group of Experts on National Accounts

Chisinau, Moldova Geneva, Switzerland

2020 Webinars of the Group of Experts on National Accounts Online

2021 Workshop on measuring informal economy Meeting on the Group of Experts on National Accounts

Online Online

2022 Workshop on Financial Accounts Meeting of the Group of Experts on National Accounts

Brussels, Belgium Online

2023 Meeting of the Group of Experts on National Accounts Geneva, Switzerland

4.6.2 Module 2 – Price Statistics

YEAR ACTIVITY LOCATION

2018 Meeting of the Group of Experts on Consumer Price Indices Geneva, Switzerland

2019 Regional Workshop on Consumer Price Indices for EECCA countries

Minsk, Belarus

2020 Webinars on producing the CPI under lockdown Online

2021 Meeting of the Group of Experts on Consumer Prices Indices Online

2023 Meeting of the Group of Experts on Consumer Prices Indices Geneva, Switzerland

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4.6.3 Module 3 – Business Registers

YEAR ACTIVITY LOCATION

2017 Meeting of the Group of Experts on Business Registers Paris, France

2019 Meeting of the Group of Experts on Business Registers Geneva, Switzerland

2022 Workshop on Business Registers

Meeting of the Group Experts on Business Registers

Online

Online

4.6.4 Module 4 – Migration Statistics

YEAR ACTIVITY LOCATION

2017 Workshop on Migration Statistics Geneva, Switzerland

2018 Workshop on Migration Statistics

Harmonized survey module on international migration & remittances

Geneva, Switzerland

2019 Workshop on Migration Statistics

Testing of harmonized survey module on migration & remittances in countries

Geneva, Switzerland

2020 Analysis of the test results on the survey module

Workshop on Migration Statistics

Online

2021 Harmonized module for measuring & collecting information on migration & remittances after 2020

Workshop on Migration Statistics

Online

2022 Group of Experts on Migration Statistics Geneva, Switzerland

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4.7 STAKEHOLDERS INVITED FOR IN-DEPTH INTERVIEW

ORGANIZATION FULL NAME TITLE RELATIONSHIP TO THE PROJECT

World Bank Mr. Maurice Nsabimana ECASTAT Task Team Leader Donor

ILO Ms. Valentina Stoevska Senior Statistician Group of Experts on CPI

EFTA Mr. Marius Andersen Deputy, EFTA Statistical Office Group of Experts on NA

European Union, Eurostat

Mr. John Verrinder Head, National Accounts, Methodology, Standards & Indicators

Group of Experts on NA

UNSD Mr. Herman Smith Chief of National Accounts Group of Experts on NA

Consultant Ms. Anna Prokhorova Consultant - Developer Harmonized module for measuring migration and remittances

UNECE Steering Group on National Accounts

Mr. Gerard Eding Director of National Accounts – Statistics Netherlands

Chair of Steering Committee

UNECE Steering Committee on Consumer Price Indices

Mr. Christopher Jenkins Assistant Deputy Director, Prices Division, Office for National Statistics, UK

Chair of Steering Committee

Armenia Ms. Lusya Khachartryan Head of Macroeconomics Indicators and National Accounts Division, Statistics Armenia

Group of Experts on National Accounts

United Kingdom Mr. Sanjiv Mahajan Head of Methods and Research Engagement, Office for National Statistics, UK

Steering Group on National Accounts

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4.8 LIST OF DOCUMENTS REVIEWED

1. ECASTAT Project for 2017-2020 Implementation of 2008 SNA. Enhancing Coherence and Integration of Economic and Social Statistics in Support of the Implementation of 2008 SNA – Project Proposal – Concept note 2016

2. ECASTAT Project no-cost extension for 2021-2023. Enhancing Coherence and Integration of Economic and Social Statistics in Support of the Implementation of 2008 SNA – Project Proposal

3. Enhancing Coherence and Integration of Economic and Social Statistics in Support of the Implementation of 2008 SNA https://www.statswiki.unece.org/display/EC/ECSTAT+Home

4. World Bank’s Implementation Completion and Results Report on a Small Grant to the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) for Enhancing Coherence and Integration of Economic and Social Statistics in Support of the Implementation of 2008 SNA (Draft-v1)

5. Statistical Commission. Report on the fortieth session (24-27 February 2009). https://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/doc09/Report-English.pdf

6. SDG Priorities. Supporting countries to achieve the SDGs https://unece.org.sdg-priorities

7. United Nations Geneva, 2021 Guide on producing CPI under lockdown https://unece.org/statistics/publications/buide-producing-cpi-under-lockdown

8. Generic Law on Official Statistics https://unece.org/DAM/stats/publications/2016/ECECESSTAT20163_E.pdf

9. United Nations Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics https://unsd/dnss/hb/E- fundamentatl%principles_A4-WEB.pdg

10. Interim Unaudited Financial Reports - June - December 2017 - January - June 2018 - July – December 2018 - January – May 2019 - June - December 2020 - January – June 2021 - July – December 2021 - January – June 2022

11. Reports from Meetings and Workshops

- Group of Experts on Business Registers (2017; 2019; and 2022) - Group of Experts on Consumer Price Indices (2018; 2021; and 2023) - Consumer Price Indices webinars (2020) - Group of Experts on Migration Statistics (2020; 2021; and 2022) - Group of Experts on National Accounts (2018; 2020; 2021; 2022; and 2023) - Workshop on Migration Statistics (2019) - Workshop on Consumer Price Indices (2019) - Workshop on Financial Accounts (2022) - Workshop on Measuring Informal Economy (2021) - Workshop on Migration Statistics (2017; 2018) - Workshop on Supply and Use Tables for EECCA and SEE countries (2018) - Workshop on the Implementation 2008 SNA: Consistency between national accounts and balance of

payments (2017) 12. Meeting Evaluation Results

- Workshops of Migration Statistics (2017; 2018; and 2019)

43

- Meeting on Migration Statistics (2021) - Meetings of the Group of Experts on National Accounts & webinars (2020; 2021; 2022; and 2023) - Regional Workshop on Consumer Price Indices 2019 - Meetings of the Group of Experts on Consumer Price Indices (2018; 2021 and 2023) - Meeting of the Group of Experts on Business Registers 2019

13. Semi-annual progress reports

- June – December 2017 - January – June 2018 - July – December 2018 - January – May 2019 - June – November 2019 - December 2019 – May 2020 - June 2020 – December 2020 - January 2021 – June 2021 - July 2021 – December 2021 - January 2022 – June 2022 - July – December 2022

14. Global Assessment of the National Statistical Systems of EECCA (beneficiary) countries, where available:

Armenia (2009), Azerbaijan (2017), Belarus (2020), Georgia (2019), Kazakhstan (2017), Kyrgyzstan (2011), Moldova (2013), Mongolia (2014), Tajikistan (2013), Turkmenistan (2014), Ukraine (2017), Uzbekistan (Joint review - 2018)

Market Forecast Tables 2021

These tables show forest products production and trade forecasts for 2021 and 2022.  These cover roundwood (logs, pulpwood and fuel wood), sawnwood (coniferous and non-coniferous), wood-based panels (plywood, particle board, OSB and fibreboard), pulp, paper and wood pellets.  The forecast data are provided by national correspondents and approved at the meeting of the Committee on Forests and the Forest Industry.

Languages and translations
English

UNITED NATIONS

Economic and Social Council

Committee on Forests and the Forest Industry

22-25 November 2021

TIMBER FORECASTS

PRODUCTION AND TRADE

DATA FOR 2020-2022

Table 1 – Sawn Softwood Table 2 – Sawn Hardwood (total) Table 2a – Sawn Hardwood (temperate) Table 2b – Sawn Hardwood (tropical) Table 3 – Veneer Sheets Table 4 – Plywood Table 5 – Particle Board (excluding OSB) Table 5a – Oriented Strand Board Table 6 – Fibreboard Table 6a – Hardboard Table 6b – MDF Table 6c – Other Fibreboard

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 1

Table 7 – Wood Pulp Table 8 – Paper and Paperboard Table 9 – Removals of wood in the rough Table 9a – Removals of wood in the rough (softwood) Table 9b – Removals of wood in the rough (hardwood) Table 10 – Softwood logs Table 11 – Hardwood logs Table 11a – Hardwood logs (temperate) Table 11b – Hardwood logs (tropical) Table 12 – Pulpwood Table 12a – Pulpwood (softwood) Table 12b – Pulpwood (hardwood) Table 12c – Wood Residues, Chips and Particles Table 13 – Wood Pellets Table 14 – Europe: Summary of Market Forecast Table 15 – North America: Summary of Market Forecast Table 16 – Russian Federation: Summary of Market Forecast Table 17 - Europe: Trade in forest products by main product groups, 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (average) and 2016 to 2020 Table 18 - Europe: Apparent consumption of selected forest products, 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (average), 2016 to 2020, and forecasts for 2021 and 2022 Table 19 - United States: Apparent consumption and imports of selected forest products 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (average), 2016 to 2020, and forecasts for 2021 and 2022

Data as of November 26, 2021.

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 2

Notes Data are shown only for countries providing forecasts. Sub-regional totals thus reflect only the reporting countries of the subregion. Austrian removals data do not include trees outside the forest. Wood chip trade includes recovered post-consumer wood. German estimates of removals for 2021 and 2022 are highly sensitive to assumptions of beetle damage and drought, and significant inventory swings. Actual consumption in 2021 is higher than indicated due to use of stocks built up in 2018-2020. Actual consumption of pellets in 2020 should be approximately 300,000 mt less than the indicated figure as this amount was stored by new market participants. Italy MDF/HDF production data include only MDF. Montenegro removal figures are from Directorate of Forests, other figures are based on Statistical Office information. Slovenia trade figures are lower than actual as they do not include estimates for non-recorded trade with other EU countries. Polish trade data exclude non-reporters (estimated at 1-3% of total). Residues exclude recovered wood. Polish sawnwood data exclude shop lumber. Wood pulp production is in metric tonnes, not air-dried, and excludes recovered fibre pulp. Wood pellets production data includes briquettes and non-wood based material. United Kingdom production figures for OSB and wood pulp are secretariat estimates. Data on wood chips and residues for Turkey include those from secondary processing. For tables 1-13, data in italics are secretariat estimates or repeated data. All other data are from national sources and are of course estimates for the current and future year. Countries with nil, missing or confidential data for all years on a table are not shown. Consumption figures are the sum of production and national imports minus national exports. Softwood = coniferous, hardwood = non-coniferous.

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 3

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 6 165 6 650 6 700 10 339 10 800 11 300 1 777 1 950 1 600 5 951 6 100 6 200 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 226 189 204 810 779 812 7 10 12 590 600 620 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 29 31 31 1 1 1 28 30 30 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 2 343 1 875 1 924 5 213 5 015 5 144 483 460 480 3 352 3 600 3 700 République tchèque Estonia 2 073 2 420 2 420 1 700 1 700 1 700 1 364 1 720 1 720 991 1 000 1 000 Estonie Finland 3 252 3 280 3 280 10 880 12 000 12 200 569 480 480 8 198 9 200 9 400 Finlande France 8 187 8 492 8 400 6 798 7 000 7 000 2 437 2 484 2 400 1 048 992 1 000 France Germany 20 630 22 300 22 500 25 216 27 000 27 000 5 519 6 300 6 000 10 105 11 000 10 500 Allemagne Hungary 910 858 858 120 134 134 796 768 768 7 44 44 Hongrie Ireland 492 937 997 1 012 1 312 1 397 310 375 400 830 750 800 Irlande Italy 3 714 4 412 4 412 274 342 342 3 740 4 282 4 282 300 213 213 Italie Latvia 1 383 1 600 1 300 3 311 3 000 3 000 1 106 1 600 1 300 3 034 3 000 3 000 Lettonie Luxembourg 54 54 54 39 39 39 27 27 27 12 12 12 Luxembourg Malta 7 6 7 0 0 0 7 6 7 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro 32 32 32 129 129 129 9 9 9 106 106 106 Monténégro Netherlands 2 631 2 520 2 600 95 100 100 3 132 2 900 3 000 596 480 500 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 24 24 24 2 2 2 23 23 23 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord Poland 4 460 4 550 4 600 4 181 4 300 4 400 1 237 1 250 1 300 958 1 000 1 100 Pologne Portugal 770 770 780 874 880 890 133 120 130 237 230 240 Portugal Serbia 401 438 453 112 130 135 291 310 320 2 2 2 Serbie Slovakia 576 650 700 1 182 1 000 1 050 352 400 400 959 750 750 Slovaquie Slovenia 704 392 439 877 717 729 657 670 690 830 995 980 Slovénie Spain 2 436 3 446 3 712 1 813 2 773 2 940 829 977 1 044 206 304 272 Espagne Sweden 5 123 6 300 6 300 18 500 18 900 18 800 599 500 400 13 976 13 100 12 900 Suède Switzerland 1 216 1 245 1 275 1 120 1 150 1 180 293 280 275 197 185 180 Suisse Turkey 6 337 6 396 6 396 6 091 6 150 6 150 380 380 380 134 134 134 Turquie United Kingdom 9 772 10 769 11 137 3 302 3 633 3 633 6 677 7 345 7 712 208 208 208 Royaume-Uni Total Europe 83 947 90 637 91 535 103 993 108 986 110 207 32 780 35 655 35 188 52 826 54 004 53 861 Total Europe Armenia 182 182 182 0 0 0 182 182 182 0 0 0 Arménie Moldova 221 221 221 2 2 2 219 219 219 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 9 127 10 145 11 250 38 918 40 086 42 090 42 42 42 29 833 29 982 30 882 Russie Total EECCA 9 530 10 549 11 653 38 920 40 088 42 092 444 444 444 29 833 29 983 30 882 Total EOCAC Canada a 13 784 20 386 22 353 39 397 42 849 44 890 631 645 704 26 243 23 108 23 241 Canada a

United States a 86 118 87 846 88 690 62 446 63 831 64 874 25 631 26 033 25 875 1 959 2 019 2 059 Etats-Unis a

Total North America 99 902 108 231 111 043 101 843 106 680 109 764 26 261 26 678 26 579 28 202 25 127 25 300 Total Amérique du Nord a converted from nominal to actual size using factor of 0.72 a convertis du dimension nominale au véritable avec une facteur du 0.72

Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 1

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

SAWN SOFTWOOD SCIAGES CONIFERES

1000 m3 Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Exports - ExportationsCountry

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 4

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 273 285 295 237 265 275 165 170 180 129 150 160 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 1 224 1 190 1 230 1 350 1 320 1 360 129 120 130 256 250 260 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 7 9 9 0 0 0 7 9 9 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 388 385 387 145 145 146 288 290 292 45 50 51 République tchèque Estonia 131 180 180 100 100 100 146 180 180 115 100 100 Estonie Finland 47 42 42 36 36 36 31 31 31 20 25 25 Finlande France 1 143 1 183 1 240 1 336 1 400 1 450 276 281 290 469 499 500 France Germany 660 642 640 962 1 010 1 000 379 416 400 681 784 760 Allemagne Hungary 53 215 215 280 334 334 49 81 81 276 201 201 Hongrie Ireland 29 41 42 2 8 9 29 35 35 3 2 2 Irlande Italy 986 1 259 1 259 612 826 826 521 631 631 147 197 197 Italie Latvia 174 160 200 588 650 600 45 70 50 459 560 450 Lettonie Luxembourg 57 57 57 39 39 39 40 40 40 22 22 22 Luxembourg Malta 7 6 7 0 0 0 7 6 7 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro -23 -23 -23 2 2 2 3 3 3 29 29 29 Monténégro Netherlands 347 328 333 54 51 51 380 357 362 87 80 80 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Macédoine du Nord Poland 515 540 550 486 510 530 250 280 300 221 250 280 Pologne Portugal 223 219 210 148 149 150 96 100 100 22 30 40 Portugal Serbia 141 155 170 358 375 390 91 95 100 308 315 320 Serbie Slovakia 389 400 425 340 350 400 165 150 150 116 100 125 Slovaquie Slovenia 121 136 136 125 141 141 98 100 100 102 105 105 Slovénie Spain 545 609 693 487 523 544 109 113 178 51 27 29 Espagne Sweden 106 118 103 100 120 110 44 38 30 37 40 37 Suède Switzerland 74 80 85 50 55 60 44 40 40 20 15 15 Suisse Turkey 2 599 2 562 2 562 2 837 2 800 2 800 71 71 71 309 309 309 Turquie United Kingdom 555 555 555 37 37 37 541 541 541 23 23 23 Royaume-Un Total Europe 10 775 11 339 11 607 10 717 11 252 11 395 4 008 4 254 4 336 3 950 4 167 4 124 Total Europe Armenia 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 1 1 1 Arménie Moldova 12 12 12 9 9 9 4 4 4 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 1 341 1 381 1 479 2 879 2 965 3 143 6 6 6 1 544 1 590 1 670 Russie Total EECCA 1 355 1 395 1 493 2 888 2 974 3 152 12 12 12 1 545 1 591 1 670 Total EOCAC Canada 1 261 1 350 1 350 997 942 855 753 880 959 489 472 464 Canada United States 13 806 14 204 14 409 16 688 16 874 17 009 630 672 692 3 511 3 342 3 293 Etats-Unis Total North America 15 067 15 554 15 759 17 685 17 816 17 864 1 383 1 552 1 651 4 000 3 814 3 757 Total Amérique du Nord

Exports - ExportationsCountry Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 2

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

SAWN HARDWOOD (total) Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

SCIAGES NON-CONIFERES (total)

1000 m3

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 5

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 269 281 291 237 265 275 161 165 175 129 149 159 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 1 219 1 186 1 226 1 347 1 318 1 358 128 118 128 256 250 260 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 5 6 6 0 0 0 5 6 6 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 381 379 381 145 145 146 279 281 283 43 48 48 République tchèque Estonia 129 177 177 100 100 100 141 175 175 112 98 98 Estonie Finland 45 41 41 36 36 36 26 27 27 17 22 22 Finlande France 1 007 1 042 1 101 1 325 1 387 1 437 148 150 160 466 495 496 France Germany 624 602 602 961 1 009 999 313 350 338 650 757 735 Allemagne Hungary 53 215 215 280 334 334 49 81 81 276 201 201 Hongrie Ireland 16 27 28 2 8 9 16 21 21 3 2 2 Irlande Italy 869 1 157 1 157 595 821 821 412 525 525 138 188 188 Italie Latvia 174 160 200 588 650 600 45 70 50 459 560 450 Lettonie Luxembourg 52 52 52 39 39 39 34 34 34 22 22 22 Luxembourg Malta 6 6 7 0 0 0 6 6 7 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro -23 -23 -23 2 2 2 3 3 3 29 29 29 Monténégro Netherlands 179 169 174 48 45 45 183 174 179 52 50 50 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 5 5 5 Macédoine du Nord Poland 500 524 534 483 507 527 233 262 282 216 245 275 Pologne Portugal 176 174 163 133 134 135 53 55 50 11 15 22 Portugal Serbia 138 152 167 357 374 389 89 93 98 308 315 320 Serbie Slovakia 389 397 422 340 350 400 165 147 147 116 100 125 Slovaquie Slovenia 119 135 135 125 141 141 95 98 98 102 105 105 Slovénie Spain 501 558 631 486 520 541 63 60 114 47 22 24 Espagne Sweden 105 117 102 100 120 110 42 37 29 37 40 37 Suède Switzerland 65 71 76 47 52 57 38 34 34 20 15 15 Suisse Turkey 2 563 2 526 2 526 2 832 2 795 2 795 39 39 39 308 308 308 Turquie United Kingdom 489 489 489 37 37 37 470 470 470 18 18 18 Royaume-Un Total Europe 10 051 10 623 10 882 10 650 11 195 11 338 3 239 3 486 3 557 3 838 4 057 4 013 Total Europe Armenia 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 1 1 1 Arménie Moldova 12 12 12 9 9 9 3 3 3 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 1 336 1 376 1 474 2 879 2 965 3 143 1 1 1 1 544 1 590 1 670 Russie Total EECCA 1 350 1 390 1 488 2 888 2 974 3 152 7 7 7 1 545 1 591 1 670 Total EOCAC Canada 1 242 1 350 1 354 997 942 855 728 870 950 482 462 451 Canada United States 13 691 14 076 14 275 16 688 16 874 17 009 469 500 516 3 465 3 298 3 250 Etats-Unis Total North America 14 933 15 427 15 629 17 685 17 816 17 864 1 196 1 370 1 466 3 948 3 760 3 701 Total Amérique du Nord

Exports - ExportationsCountry Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 2a

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

SAWN HARDWOOD (temperate) Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

SCIAGES NON-CONIFERES (zone tempérée)

1000 m3

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 6

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 4 4 4 0 0 0 5 5 5 1 1 1 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 4 4 4 3 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 0 Bosnie-Herzegovine Bulgaria 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bulgarie Cyprus 2 3 3 0 0 0 2 3 3 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 7 6 6 0 0 0 10 9 9 2 2 3 République tchèque Estonia 2 3 3 0 0 0 5 5 5 2 2 2 Estonie Finland 1 1 1 0 0 0 4 4 4 3 3 3 Finlande France 136 141 139 11 13 13 128 131 130 3 4 4 France Germany 36 40 38 1 1 1 66 66 62 31 27 25 Allemagne Ireland 13 14 14 0 0 0 13 14 14 0 0 0 Irlande Italy 118 102 102 17 5 5 109 106 106 9 9 9 Italie Luxembourg 6 5 5 0 0 0 6 6 6 0 0 0 Luxembourg Malta 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Malte Netherlands 168 159 159 6 6 6 197 183 183 35 30 30 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord Poland 15 16 16 3 3 3 17 18 18 5 5 5 Pologne Portugal 47 45 47 15 15 15 43 45 50 11 15 18 Portugal Serbia 3 3 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 0 0 0 Serbie Slovakia 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 Slovaquie Slovenia 2 1 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 1 Slovénie Spain 44 51 62 2 3 3 46 53 64 4 5 5 Espagne Sweden 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Suède Switzerland 9 9 9 3 3 3 6 6 6 0 0 0 Suisse Turkey 36 36 36 5 5 5 32 32 32 1 1 1 Turquie United Kingdom 67 67 67 0 0 0 71 71 71 5 5 5 Royaume-Un Total Europe 724 715 725 68 57 57 769 768 779 113 110 111 Total Europe Russia 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 Russie Total EECCA 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 Total EOCAC Canada 19 0 -4 0 0 0 25 10 9 6 10 13 Canada United States 115 128 134 0 0 0 161 172 177 46 44 43 Etats-Unis Total North America 134 128 130 0 0 0 186 182 186 53 54 56 Total Amérique du Nord

TABLE 2b

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

SAWN HARDWOOD (tropical) SCIAGES NON-CONIFERES (tropicale)

1000 m3

Exports - ExportationsCountry

Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Production Imports - Importations

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 7

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 45 55 55 8 8 8 55 66 66 17 19 19 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 40 42 42 38 40 42 8 12 12 6 10 12 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 21 35 36 29 29 29 38 60 61 47 55 55 République tchèque Estonia 78 55 55 71 70 70 64 80 80 57 95 95 Estonie Finland 13 12 12 152 173 173 7 9 9 146 170 170 Finlande France 185 200 200 157 160 160 134 140 140 106 100 100 France Germany 150 147 141 100 100 100 104 90 82 55 43 41 Allemagne Hungary 83 85 85 35 43 43 69 69 69 21 27 27 Hongrie Ireland 4 4 4 0 0 0 5 5 5 1 1 1 Irlande Italy 254 277 277 107 107 107 174 206 206 27 36 36 Italie Latvia 120 125 125 0 0 0 148 150 150 28 25 25 Lettonie Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Luxembourg Malta 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Malte Netherlands 18 18 18 0 0 0 30 30 30 12 12 12 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 9 9 9 0 0 0 10 10 10 1 1 1 Macédoine du Nord Poland 98 101 107 39 41 45 74 75 78 15 15 16 Pologne Portugal 2 10 5 25 45 40 48 30 35 71 65 70 Portugal Serbia 21 23 24 28 30 31 13 14 15 20 21 22 Serbie Slovakia 22 25 25 21 20 20 19 20 20 17 15 15 Slovaquie Slovenia 10 3 5 19 18 18 12 14 14 22 29 27 Slovénie Spain 142 155 176 69 106 106 106 92 119 33 42 49 Espagne Sweden 21 27 23 60 65 60 12 15 13 51 53 50 Suède Switzerland 3 3 3 0 0 0 4 4 4 1 1 1 Suisse Turkey 78 78 78 75 75 75 16 16 16 13 13 13 Turquie United Kingdom 20 20 20 0 0 0 22 22 22 2 2 2 Royaume-Un Total Europe 1 438 1 511 1 527 1 032 1 130 1 127 1 175 1 231 1 259 769 850 859 Total Europe Armenia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Arménie Moldova 15 15 15 0 0 0 15 15 15 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 1 096 1 440 1 692 1 570 1 963 2 257 13 13 13 487 535 578 Russie Total EECCA 1 111 1 455 1 707 1 570 1 963 2 257 28 28 28 487 535 578 Total EOCAC Canada 178 119 111 581 565 565 145 193 203 549 639 656 Canada United States 2 668 2 778 2 851 2 284 2 370 2 445 600 629 632 215 221 226 Etats-Unis Total North America 2 846 2 896 2 962 2 866 2 934 3 010 745 822 835 764 860 883 Total Amérique du Nord Note: Definition of veneers excludes domestic use for plywood. La définition des placages exclus la conversion directe en contreplaqué.

Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 3

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

VENEER SHEETS FEUILLES DE PLACAGE

1000 m3 Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Exports - ExportationsCountry

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 8

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 102 62 62 167 167 167 234 275 275 299 380 380 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 26 25 29 28 30 32 15 12 15 16 17 18 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 17 19 19 0 0 0 17 19 19 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 207 163 167 263 257 262 129 100 105 186 195 200 République tchèque Estonia 82 88 88 165 170 170 93 125 125 176 207 207 Estonie Finland 290 320 320 990 1 170 1 140 128 120 120 828 970 940 Finlande France 550 581 620 234 240 250 477 501 530 161 160 160 France Germany 1 146 840 1 000 100 100 100 1 410 1 100 1 250 363 360 350 Allemagne Hungary 265 275 275 49 58 58 375 310 310 159 93 93 Hongrie Ireland 57 55 57 0 0 0 57 55 57 0 0 0 Irlande Italy 422 528 528 265 265 265 348 464 464 191 201 201 Italie Latvia 61 45 45 318 310 310 100 95 95 357 360 360 Lettonie Luxembourg 8 8 8 0 0 0 10 10 10 2 2 2 Luxembourg Malta 10 12 14 0 0 0 10 12 14 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro 4 4 4 0 0 0 5 5 5 1 1 1 Monténégro Netherlands 546 585 585 0 0 0 635 670 670 89 85 85 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 27 27 27 0 0 0 28 28 28 1 1 1 Macédoine du Nord Poland 590 630 650 483 510 530 415 430 450 309 310 330 Pologne Portugal 195 115 122 91 0 0 118 130 140 14 15 18 Portugal Serbia 36 37 39 11 12 13 31 32 33 6 7 7 Serbie Slovakia 364 380 380 417 425 425 67 75 75 120 120 120 Slovaquie Slovenia 61 83 90 95 109 120 45 64 60 78 90 90 Slovénie Spain 449 501 483 508 580 590 147 202 200 206 281 307 Espagne Sweden 294 250 255 90 95 90 235 195 195 30 40 30 Suède Switzerland 202 209 214 7 7 7 198 205 210 3 3 3 Suisse Turkey 147 147 147 105 105 105 85 85 85 43 43 43 Turquie United Kingdom 1 280 1 280 1 280 0 0 0 1 362 1 362 1 362 83 83 83 Royaume-Un Total Europe 7 436 7 269 7 508 4 386 4 610 4 634 6 771 6 681 6 902 3 721 4 022 4 028 Total Europe Armenia 102 102 102 0 0 0 102 102 102 0 0 0 Arménie Moldova 8 8 8 3 3 3 8 8 8 3 3 3 Moldova Russia 1 215 1 443 1 509 3 999 4 599 4 829 120 126 126 2 904 3 282 3 446 Russie Total EECCA 1 325 1 554 1 619 4 003 4 602 4 832 230 236 236 2 907 3 284 3 448 Total EOCAC Canada 2 377 2 777 2 823 1 673 1 874 1 828 1 248 1 495 1 585 543 592 589 Canada United States 14 029 14 637 14 944 9 500 9 875 10 168 5 058 5 304 5 330 528 542 555 Etats-Unis Total North America 16 406 17 415 17 767 11 172 11 749 11 996 6 305 6 799 6 915 1 071 1 134 1 144 Total Amérique du Nord

TABLE 4

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

PLYWOOD CONTREPLAQUES

1000 m3

Exports - Exportations

Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Country Production Imports - Importations

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 9

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 719 798 803 2 330 2 480 2 500 308 320 325 1 919 2 002 2 022 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 168 164 165 12 13 12 157 153 155 1 2 2 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 43 42 42 0 0 0 43 42 42 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 281 400 436 774 1 010 1 040 315 320 323 809 930 927 République tchèque Estonia 170 185 185 180 210 210 73 74 74 83 99 99 Estonie Finland 144 135 135 88 88 88 76 77 77 20 30 30 Finlande France 1 592 2 160 2 508 2 233 2 633 3 033 579 591 640 1 219 1 065 1 165 France Germany 5 789 5 660 5 815 5 556 5 550 5 575 1 903 1 660 1 840 1 670 1 550 1 600 Allemagne Hungary 319 405 405 334 355 355 326 352 352 340 302 302 Hongrie Ireland 101 114 114 0 0 0 116 130 130 16 16 16 Irlande Italy 2 743 2 716 2 716 2 568 2 568 2 568 634 780 780 459 632 632 Italie Latvia 162 160 160 396 400 400 49 50 50 283 290 290 Lettonie Luxembourg 22 22 22 0 0 0 26 26 26 4 4 4 Luxembourg Malta 10 10 10 0 0 0 10 10 10 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro 18 18 18 0 0 0 18 18 18 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 376 404 404 0 0 0 456 484 484 81 80 80 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 95 95 95 0 0 0 96 96 96 1 1 1 Macédoine du Nord Poland 6 640 6 640 6 650 5 739 5 670 5 670 1 626 1 650 1 680 724 680 700 Pologne Portugal 549 647 693 700 710 720 288 365 412 438 428 439 Portugal Serbia 349 362 364 217 220 223 193 195 197 61 53 56 Serbie Slovakia 238 235 235 598 625 625 146 110 110 506 500 500 Slovaquie Slovenia 143 163 157 0 0 0 147 168 160 4 5 4 Slovénie Spain 1 586 1 566 1 544 1 783 1 847 1 855 446 616 645 643 897 956 Espagne Sweden 874 908 895 568 580 565 386 415 410 80 87 80 Suède Switzerland 262 280 300 366 380 390 126 125 130 230 225 220 Suisse Turkey 3 234 3 234 3 234 4 075 4 075 4 075 29 29 29 870 870 870 Turquie United Kingdom 2 203 2 465 2 465 1 698 1 897 1 897 590 649 649 86 81 81 Royaume-Un Total Europe 28 830 29 988 30 569 30 215 31 311 31 801 9 162 9 505 9 844 10 548 10 828 11 075 Total Europe Armenia 122 122 122 0 0 0 122 122 122 0 0 0 Arménie Moldova 93 93 93 0 0 0 93 93 93 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 5 289 6 123 6 498 6 731 7 146 7 535 299 670 789 1 741 1 692 1 825 Russie Total EECCA 5 504 6 337 6 713 6 731 7 146 7 535 514 884 1 004 1 741 1 692 1 825 Total EOCAC Canada 2 010 1 360 1 227 2 277 1 791 1 748 492 609 621 759 1 041 1 142 Canada United States 5 237 5 408 5 515 4 136 4 465 4 553 1 462 1 334 1 359 361 391 398 Etats-Unis Total North America 7 247 6 768 6 742 6 413 6 257 6 302 1 954 1 943 1 980 1 121 1 432 1 539 Total Amérique du Nord Data are calculated by subtracting OSB from the particleboard/OSB total - les données sont calculées en soustrayant les OSB du total des panneaux de particules et OSB.

Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 5

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

PARTICLE BOARD (excluding OSB) PANNEAUX DE PARTICULES (ne comprennent pas l'OSB)

1000 m3 Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Exports - ExportationsCountry

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 10

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 177 212 212 0 0 0 182 220 220 5 8 8 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 21 27 30 9 10 12 12 17 19 0 0 1 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 20 18 18 0 0 0 20 18 18 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 335 260 282 937 745 770 155 165 175 757 650 663 République tchèque Estonia 44 45 45 0 0 0 45 46 46 1 1 1 Estonie Finland 49 49 49 0 0 0 49 49 49 0 0 0 Finlande France 450 440 442 367 367 367 118 109 110 35 35 35 France Germany 1 569 1 640 1 635 1 234 1 250 1 275 846 840 860 511 450 500 Allemagne Hungary 120 124 124 359 332 332 77 60 60 316 268 268 Hongrie Ireland 47 47 47 296 296 296 0 0 0 249 249 249 Irlande Italy 302 302 302 100 100 100 231 231 231 29 29 29 Italie Latvia 116 70 70 698 650 650 71 70 70 653 650 650 Lettonie Luxembourg 76 76 76 338 338 338 7 7 7 269 269 269 Luxembourg Montenegro 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 3 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 167 185 185 0 0 0 171 190 190 4 5 5 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 11 11 11 0 0 0 11 11 11 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord Poland 666 710 750 833 930 980 246 200 220 413 420 450 Pologne Portugal 36 33 37 0 0 0 37 35 38 1 2 1 Portugal Serbia 62 66 69 0 0 0 66 70 73 4 4 4 Serbie Slovakia 91 90 90 0 0 0 91 90 90 1 0 0 Slovaquie Slovenia 34 39 38 0 0 0 35 42 40 1 3 2 Slovénie Spain 11 4 7 2 3 3 34 37 38 25 37 34 Espagne Sweden 140 125 125 0 0 0 146 130 130 6 5 5 Suède Switzerland 90 90 90 0 0 0 90 90 90 0 0 0 Suisse Turkey 170 170 170 75 75 75 101 101 101 6 6 6 Turquie United Kingdom 852 901 901 598 598 598 414 455 455 160 152 152 Royaume-Uni Total Europe 5 659 5 737 5 808 5 846 5 695 5 797 3 260 3 286 3 344 3 447 3 244 3 332 Total Europe Armenia 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 0 0 0 Arménie Belarus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bélarus Moldova 34 34 34 0 0 0 34 34 34 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 1 615 1 078 1 260 1 626 1 627 1 953 351 176 140 362 725 833 Russie Total EECCA 1 653 1 116 1 298 1 626 1 627 1 953 389 213 178 362 725 834 Total EOCAC Canada 1 501 1 410 1 341 6 629 7 156 7 199 123 121 120 5 251 5 866 5 978 Canada United States 18 584 19 345 19 723 13 713 14 088 14 366 5 066 5 459 5 561 195 201 204 Etats-Unis Total North America 20 085 20 756 21 064 20 342 21 243 21 565 5 188 5 580 5 681 5 446 6 068 6 183 Total Amérique du Nord

Exports - ExportationsCountry Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 5a

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

ORIENTED STRAND BOARD (OSB) Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

PANNEAUX STRUCTURAUX ORIENTES (OSB)

1000 m3

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 11

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 436 454 467 576 650 652 339 361 373 479 557 558 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 107 119 125 7 9 10 101 110 117 0 0 2 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 15 16 16 0 0 0 15 16 16 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 290 194 202 44 45 46 493 406 415 247 256 259 République tchèque Estonia 56 57 57 65 65 65 69 75 75 78 83 83 Estonie Finland 164 150 150 49 49 49 156 148 148 42 47 47 Finlande France 624 794 995 912 1 061 1 161 1 013 1 055 1 058 1 301 1 322 1 224 France Germany 4 097 4 155 4 235 5 801 5 850 5 900 1 784 1 835 1 940 3 488 3 530 3 605 Allemagne Hungary 409 409 409 451 451 451 167 167 167 209 209 209 Hongrie Ireland 168 109 109 512 512 512 102 115 115 445 518 518 Irlande Italy 1 403 1 417 1 417 827 827 827 796 926 926 220 337 337 Italie Latvia 35 32 32 0 0 0 57 53 53 22 21 21 Lettonie Luxembourg 47 47 47 147 147 147 19 19 19 119 119 119 Luxembourg Malta 6 7 8 0 0 0 6 7 8 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro 14 14 14 0 0 0 14 14 14 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 463 469 469 29 29 29 541 585 585 107 145 145 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 53 53 53 0 0 0 53 53 53 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord Poland 3 676 3 855 4 055 4 844 4 960 5 110 851 875 945 2 019 1 980 2 000 Pologne Portugal 382 391 386 443 453 457 320 323 326 382 385 397 Portugal Serbia 124 133 134 24 26 27 134 143 145 34 36 38 Serbie Slovakia 201 210 210 0 0 0 224 230 230 23 20 20 Slovaquie Slovenia 23 23 23 118 128 128 49 71 60 144 176 165 Slovénie Spain 1 038 1 012 1 138 1 535 1 714 1 874 371 444 465 869 1 146 1 201 Espagne Sweden 268 307 295 0 0 0 347 390 375 78 83 80 Suède Switzerland 272 292 302 192 205 210 263 266 266 183 179 174 Suisse Turkey 4 623 4 623 4 623 4 835 4 835 4 835 74 74 74 286 286 286 Turquie United Kingdom 1 475 1 487 1 487 656 656 656 879 889 889 59 58 58 Royaume-Un Total Europe 20 470 20 828 21 457 22 067 22 672 23 146 9 238 9 650 9 857 10 835 11 494 11 546 Total Europe Armenia 63 63 63 0 0 0 63 63 63 0 0 0 Arménie Moldova 37 37 37 0 0 0 37 37 37 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 2 802 3 415 3 674 3 581 4 301 4 635 459 591 637 1 238 1 476 1 597 Russie Total EECCA 2 902 3 515 3 775 3 581 4 301 4 635 559 691 737 1 238 1 476 1 597 Total EOCAC Canada 1 219 1 573 1 583 1 290 1 340 1 340 761 1 066 1 074 832 832 831 Canada United States 8 244 8 244 8 244 6 058 6 058 6 058 2 876 2 876 2 876 690 690 690 Etats-Unis Total North America 9 463 9 818 9 827 7 348 7 398 7 398 3 638 3 942 3 951 1 523 1 522 1 521 Total Amérique du Nord

Exports - ExportationsCountry Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 6

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

FIBREBOARD Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

PANNEAUX DE FIBRES

1000 m3

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 12

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 35 30 32 66 70 72 18 17 18 49 57 58 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 11 13 16 1 1 1 10 12 15 0 0 0 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 6 55 57 0 0 0 55 67 68 49 11 11 République tchèque Estonia 26 25 25 0 0 0 28 30 30 3 5 5 Estonie Finland 33 24 24 49 49 49 21 18 18 37 43 43 Finlande France -135 -135 -135 87 87 87 225 225 225 447 447 447 France Germany 203 205 210 0 0 0 231 235 240 28 30 30 Allemagne Hungary 27 27 27 2 2 2 35 35 35 10 10 10 Hongrie Ireland 22 20 20 0 0 0 22 20 20 0 0 0 Irlande Italy 109 109 109 16 16 16 105 105 105 12 12 12 Italie Latvia 13 13 13 0 0 0 15 15 15 2 2 2 Lettonie Luxembourg 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 Luxembourg Malta 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 43 45 45 0 0 0 64 65 65 21 20 20 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 10 10 10 0 0 0 10 10 10 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord Poland -157 -80 -10 91 110 110 151 160 180 398 350 300 Pologne Portugal 21 28 25 12 19 20 28 29 30 19 20 25 Portugal Serbia 35 39 40 24 26 27 30 33 34 19 20 21 Serbie Slovakia 22 20 20 0 0 0 23 20 20 1 0 0 Slovaquie Slovenia 1 2 2 0 0 0 9 9 9 8 7 7 Slovénie Spain -4 13 12 32 40 41 34 50 48 70 77 77 Espagne Sweden 71 70 69 0 0 0 81 82 80 10 12 11 Suède Switzerland 13 13 13 0 0 0 21 21 21 8 8 8 Suisse Turkey 7 7 7 0 0 0 57 57 57 50 50 50 Turquie United Kingdom 96 96 96 0 0 0 101 101 101 4 4 4 Royaume-Un Total Europe 517 659 736 380 420 425 1 384 1 425 1 453 1 246 1 186 1 142 Total Europe Armenia 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 0 0 0 Arménie Moldova 16 16 16 0 0 0 16 16 16 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 322 390 350 370 450 400 100 100 100 148 160 150 Russie Total EECCA 341 409 369 370 450 400 119 119 119 148 160 150 Total EOCAC Canada 63 81 75 90 90 90 65 93 93 92 102 108 Canada United States 211 211 211 212 212 212 238 238 238 239 239 239 Etats-Unis Total North America 274 292 286 302 302 302 303 331 331 331 341 347 Total Amérique du Nord

TABLE 6a

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

HARDBOARD PANNEAUX DURS

1000 m3

Exports - ExportationsCountry

Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Production Imports - Importations

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 13

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 255 259 260 510 580 580 170 174 175 425 495 495 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 88 94 96 5 6 7 83 88 90 0 0 1 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 12 13 13 0 0 0 12 13 13 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 198 87 91 44 45 46 253 154 158 99 112 113 République tchèque Estonia 22 23 23 0 0 0 38 41 41 16 18 18 Estonie Finland 111 106 106 0 0 0 115 110 110 4 4 4 Finlande France 706 859 1 060 751 900 1 000 716 757 760 761 798 700 France Germany 2 314 2 325 2 375 4 600 4 625 4 650 593 600 650 2 879 2 900 2 925 Allemagne Hungary 355 355 355 430 430 430 117 117 117 193 193 193 Hongrie Ireland 74 89 89 438 438 438 80 95 95 445 445 445 Irlande Italy 1 229 1 243 1 243 809 809 809 627 757 757 207 323 323 Italie Latvia 21 18 18 0 0 0 23 20 20 2 2 2 Lettonie Luxembourg 37 37 37 147 147 147 9 9 9 119 119 119 Luxembourg Malta 5 5 6 0 0 0 5 5 6 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro 6 6 6 0 0 0 6 6 6 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 318 315 315 0 0 0 399 435 435 81 120 120 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 12 12 12 0 0 0 12 12 12 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord Poland 3 209 3 300 3 400 3 178 3 250 3 350 684 700 750 653 650 700 Pologne Portugal 360 362 362 423 425 428 280 282 284 343 345 350 Portugal Serbia 85 89 89 0 0 0 100 105 106 15 16 17 Serbie Slovakia 119 120 120 0 0 0 140 140 140 21 20 20 Slovaquie Slovenia 17 16 16 118 128 128 32 54 43 132 166 155 Slovénie Spain 994 950 1 077 1 448 1 617 1 775 326 379 402 780 1 047 1 100 Espagne Sweden 181 220 211 0 0 0 238 280 270 57 60 59 Suède Switzerland 90 105 110 192 205 210 73 70 65 175 170 165 Suisse Turkey 4 669 4 669 4 669 4 775 4 775 4 775 17 17 17 123 123 123 Turquie United Kingdom 1 315 1 327 1 327 656 656 656 710 720 720 51 49 49 Royaume-Un Total Europe 16 801 17 002 17 485 18 524 19 037 19 430 5 859 6 141 6 251 7 582 8 175 8 197 Total Europe Armenia 57 57 57 0 0 0 57 57 57 0 0 0 Arménie Moldova 21 21 21 0 0 0 21 21 21 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 2 448 2 993 3 292 3 199 3 839 4 223 329 461 507 1 080 1 307 1 437 Russie Total EECCA 2 527 3 071 3 371 3 199 3 839 4 223 408 539 585 1 080 1 307 1 438 Total EOCAC Canada 1 041 1 327 1 343 1 100 1 150 1 150 569 793 797 628 615 604 Canada United States 4 836 4 836 4 836 2 667 2 667 2 667 2 453 2 453 2 453 284 284 284 Etats-Unis Total North America 5 877 6 163 6 179 3 767 3 817 3 817 3 022 3 246 3 251 912 899 889 Total Amérique du Nord

MDF/HDF

Country Production Imports - Importations

Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

TABLE 6b

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

1000 m3

Exports - Exportations

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 14

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 146 165 175 0 0 0 151 170 180 5 5 5 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 8 12 13 1 2 2 8 10 12 0 0 1 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 86 52 54 0 0 0 185 185 189 99 133 135 République tchèque Estonia 9 9 9 65 65 65 3 4 4 59 60 60 Estonie Finland 20 20 20 0 0 0 20 20 20 0 0 0 Finlande France 53 70 70 74 74 74 72 73 73 93 77 77 France Germany 1 580 1 625 1 650 1 201 1 225 1 250 961 1 000 1 050 581 600 650 Allemagne Hungary 28 28 28 19 19 19 15 15 15 6 6 6 Hongrie Ireland 73 0 0 73 73 73 0 0 0 0 73 73 Irlande Italy 65 65 65 3 3 3 65 65 65 2 2 2 Italie Latvia 1 1 1 0 0 0 19 18 18 18 17 17 Lettonie Luxembourg 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 Luxembourg Malta 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro 6 6 6 0 0 0 6 6 6 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 102 109 109 29 29 29 78 85 85 5 5 5 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 32 32 32 0 0 0 32 32 32 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord Poland 624 635 665 1 575 1 600 1 650 17 15 15 968 980 1 000 Pologne Portugal 0 1 -1 8 9 9 12 12 12 19 20 22 Portugal Serbia 4 5 5 0 0 0 4 5 5 0 0 0 Serbie Slovakia 60 70 70 0 0 0 60 70 70 0 0 0 Slovaquie Slovenia 5 5 5 0 0 0 8 8 8 3 3 3 Slovénie Spain 48 49 49 55 57 58 11 15 15 18 23 24 Espagne Sweden 16 17 15 0 0 0 28 28 25 12 11 10 Suède Switzerland 169 174 179 0 0 0 169 175 180 1 1 1 Suisse Turkey -53 -53 -53 60 60 60 0 0 0 113 113 113 Turquie United Kingdom 64 64 64 0 0 0 68 68 68 4 4 4 Royaume-Un Total Europe 3 152 3 167 3 236 3 163 3 215 3 291 1 996 2 085 2 153 2 007 2 133 2 208 Total Europe Armenia 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 Arménie Moldova 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 32 32 32 12 12 12 30 30 30 10 10 10 Russie Total EECCA 35 35 35 12 12 12 32 32 32 10 10 10 Total EOCAC Canada 115 165 166 100 100 100 127 180 184 112 115 118 Canada United States 3 197 3 197 3 197 3 179 3 179 3 179 185 185 185 167 167 167 Etats-Unis Total North America 3 312 3 362 3 363 3 279 3 279 3 279 312 365 369 279 282 285 Total Amérique du Nord

Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 6c

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

OTHER FIBREBOARD AUTRES PANNEAUX DE FIBRES

1000 m3 Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Exports - ExportationsCountry

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 15

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 2 158 2 300 2 330 2 022 2 020 2 100 578 680 680 442 400 450 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 111 118 118 70 75 76 41 43 42 0 0 0 Bosnie-Herzegovine Czech Republic 805 831 772 594 591 611 253 240 250 42 0 89 République tchèque Estonia 81 70 70 231 250 250 47 50 50 198 230 230 Estonie Finland a 6 411 6 802 6 616 10 520 11 318 11 331 224 220 220 4 333 4 736 4 935 Finlande a

France 2 918 2 927 2 800 1 620 1 650 1 600 1 745 1 726 1 700 447 449 500 France Germany 5 015 5 167 5 178 2 255 2 267 2 278 3 952 4 000 4 000 1 192 1 100 1 100 Allemagne Hungary 195 177 177 51 33 33 147 145 145 4 2 2 Hongrie Ireland 41 45 45 0 0 0 41 45 45 0 0 0 Irlande Italy 3 416 3 416 3 416 223 223 223 3 271 3 271 3 271 77 77 77 Italie Latvia 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Lettonie Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Luxembourg Netherlands 1 137 1 057 737 37 37 37 1 782 1 900 1 500 682 880 800 Pays-Bas Poland 2 709 2 750 2 810 1 717 1 730 1 750 1 152 1 180 1 230 159 160 170 Pologne Portugal 1 506 1 615 1 650 2 683 2 700 2 750 143 145 150 1 320 1 230 1 250 Portugal Serbia 86 88 90 0 0 0 86 88 90 0 0 0 Serbie Slovakia 537 550 550 687 675 675 162 175 175 312 300 300 Slovaquie Slovenia 367 353 347 91 83 85 289 275 270 13 5 8 Slovénie Spain 1 847 1 837 1 933 1 730 1 798 1 923 1 047 1 088 1 209 929 1 049 1 199 Espagne Sweden 8 437 8 460 8 260 12 034 12 100 11 850 653 610 610 4 250 4 250 4 200 Suède Switzerland 171 160 160 72 70 70 99 90 90 0 0 0 Suisse Turkey 1 381 989 1 138 70 70 70 1 442 1 050 1 200 131 131 132 Turquie United Kingdom 971 924 924 220 220 220 768 721 721 17 17 17 Royaume-Uni Total Europe 40 301 40 637 40 122 36 927 37 909 37 932 17 924 17 744 17 650 14 549 15 016 15 459 Total Europe Russia 6 532 6 548 6 677 8 765 8 853 9 030 211 213 215 2 444 2 517 2 568 Russie Total EECCA 6 532 6 548 6 677 8 765 8 853 9 030 211 213 215 2 444 2 517 2 568 Total EOCAC Canada 5 731 6 411 6 547 14 109 14 198 13 702 640 1 109 1 555 9 018 8 896 8 710 Canada United States 48 726 48 750 48 763 50 871 50 895 50 907 5 661 5 664 5 665 7 806 7 809 7 809 Etats-Unis Total North America 54 457 55 161 55 310 64 980 65 093 64 609 6 301 6 773 7 220 16 825 16 705 16 519 Total Amérique du Nord

a imports exclude dissolving pulp a les importations excluent pâte à dissoudre

Exports - ExportationsCountry Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 7

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

WOOD PULP Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

PATE DE BOIS

1000 mt

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 16

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 2 111 2 170 2 200 4 719 5 050 5 100 1 275 1 300 1 350 3 882 4 180 4 250 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 154 160 166 167 180 182 99 100 106 113 120 122 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 46 48 48 0 0 0 46 48 48 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 1 451 1 460 1 474 893 904 924 1 436 1 447 1 480 878 891 930 République tchèque Estonia 134 140 140 72 75 75 133 140 140 71 75 75 Estonie Finland 702 740 720 8 210 8 750 8 540 319 320 320 7 827 8 330 8 140 Finlande France 7 904 8 069 8 300 6 873 7 000 7 300 4 487 4 661 4 500 3 456 3 592 3 500 France Germany 18 251 18 660 18 983 21 348 23 060 23 383 9 999 10 000 10 000 13 096 14 400 14 400 Allemagne Hungary 928 944 944 864 861 861 841 852 852 777 769 769 Hongrie Ireland 422 410 415 60 65 70 388 370 375 26 25 30 Irlande Italy 10 204 10 204 10 204 8 514 8 514 8 514 4 773 4 773 4 773 3 083 3 083 3 083 Italie Latvia 163 160 160 25 30 30 170 170 170 32 40 40 Lettonie Luxembourg 25 25 25 0 0 0 31 31 31 6 6 6 Luxembourg Malta 26 23 24 0 0 0 26 23 24 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro 10 10 10 0 0 0 10 10 10 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 2 608 2 670 2 670 2 869 2 870 2 870 2 278 2 300 2 300 2 539 2 500 2 500 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 79 79 79 28 28 28 68 68 68 16 16 16 Macédoine du Nord Poland 7 332 7 400 7 500 5 129 5 250 5 350 4 677 4 700 4 750 2 474 2 550 2 600 Pologne Portugal 1 007 1 050 990 1 900 2 000 2 030 858 850 860 1 751 1 800 1 900 Portugal Serbia 727 733 737 577 580 583 452 456 459 302 303 305 Serbie Slovakia 476 600 600 758 900 950 427 400 400 709 700 750 Slovaquie Slovenia 833 730 680 706 650 600 757 710 710 630 630 630 Slovénie Spain 6 483 6 541 6 390 6 269 6 473 6 477 2 734 2 823 2 917 2 520 2 756 3 004 Espagne Sweden 1 428 1 195 1 090 9 333 9 130 8 800 656 665 650 8 561 8 600 8 360 Suède Switzerland 1 050 1 050 1 055 1 168 1 170 1 175 621 610 600 739 730 720 Suisse Turkey 4 489 4 489 4 489 2 800 2 800 2 800 2 505 2 505 2 505 816 816 816 Turquie United Kingdom 7 321 7 207 7 225 3 631 3 600 3 550 4 439 4 325 4 375 749 718 700 Royaume-Un Total Europe 76 362 76 966 77 318 86 911 89 940 90 192 44 504 44 656 44 772 55 053 57 630 57 646 Total Europe Armenia 61 61 61 21 21 21 41 41 41 0 0 0 Arménie Moldova 44 44 44 8 8 8 39 39 39 2 2 2 Moldova Russia 7 116 7 615 7 952 9 527 10 194 10 704 1 191 1 167 1 143 3 601 3 745 3 895 Russie Total EECCA 7 222 7 721 8 057 9 556 10 223 10 733 1 270 1 246 1 223 3 604 3 748 3 898 Total EOCAC Canada 4 720 4 715 4 572 8 352 8 604 8 379 2 362 2 474 2 406 5 994 6 363 6 213 Canada United States 63 567 66 128 67 399 66 239 68 536 70 152 7 642 7 832 7 870 10 314 10 240 10 623 Etats-Unis Total North America 68 287 70 843 71 971 74 591 77 140 78 532 10 003 10 306 10 276 16 308 16 603 16 836 Total Amérique du Nord

Exports - ExportationsCountry Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 8

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

PAPER AND PAPERBOARD Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

PAPIERS ET CARTONS

1000 mt

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 17

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 11 462 12 924 13 110 8 504 9 732 9 830 2 958 3 192 3 280 0 0 0 5 327 5 111 5 200 16 790 18 035 18 310 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 2 819 2 806 2 848 2 031 2 016 2 050 614 624 626 174 166 172 1 484 1 502 1 496 4 303 4 308 4 344 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 7 9 9 9 Chypre Czech Republic 29 152 21 353 18 590 20 678 13 107 10 325 8 359 8 133 8 150 115 113 115 6 717 7 160 7 210 35 869 28 513 25 800 République tchèque Estonia 6 502 6 100 6 100 4 134 3 900 3 900 2 316 2 150 2 150 52 50 50 4 136 3 830 3 830 10 637 9 930 9 930 Estonie Finland 51 530 56 946 57 515 22 479 25 857 25 679 29 051 31 089 31 836 0 0 0 8 893 8 893 8 893 60 423 65 839 66 407 Finlande France 24 259 25 840 25 080 15 965 17 400 16 700 7 793 7 900 7 800 501 540 580 23 444 24 500 25 700 47 703 50 340 50 780 France Germany 61 790 62 377 61 177 48 213 48 900 47 300 13 503 13 400 13 800 74 77 77 22 261 21 300 21 300 84 051 83 677 82 477 Allemagne Hungary 2 457 2 796 2 796 1 155 1 257 1 257 902 919 919 400 619 619 2 516 2 672 2 672 4 972 5 468 5 468 Hongrie Ireland 3 695 3 542 3 772 2 350 2 485 2 647 1 197 877 934 148 180 192 286 232 247 3 981 3 774 4 019 Irlande Italy 5 002 5 002 5 002 3 352 3 352 3 352 1 018 1 018 1 018 632 632 632 10 839 10 839 10 839 15 841 15 841 15 841 Italie Latvia 12 727 12 350 12 350 7 379 7 400 7 400 4 123 3 850 3 850 1 225 1 100 1 100 2 620 2 580 2 580 15 347 14 930 14 930 Lettonie Luxembourg 291 340 332 81 88 86 104 166 160 106 86 86 59 77 73 350 416 405 Luxembourg Montenegro 299 150 234 249 124 187 43 22 42 7 4 5 49 25 37 348 174 271 Monténégro Netherlands 662 725 725 214 260 260 402 420 420 46 45 45 2 323 2 325 2 325 2 985 3 050 3 050 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 125 125 125 114 114 114 0 0 0 11 11 11 610 610 610 735 735 735 Macédoine du Nord Poland 35 879 37 290 38 050 16 913 17 200 17 400 18 355 19 400 19 900 612 690 750 4 713 4 800 4 900 40 593 42 090 42 950 Pologne Portugal 11 803 12 316 12 190 1 916 2 066 1 980 9 540 9 900 9 850 347 350 360 1 618 1 500 1 560 13 422 13 816 13 750 Portugal Serbia 1 782 1 806 1 830 1 217 1 230 1 238 388 396 408 177 180 184 6 454 6 550 6 705 8 236 8 356 8 535 Serbie Slovakia 6 924 7 185 7 435 3 913 4 100 4 250 2 984 3 050 3 150 26 35 35 524 525 575 7 448 7 710 8 010 Slovaquie Slovenia 2 818 2 383 2 476 1 971 1 600 1 700 797 720 720 50 63 56 1 074 1 070 1 070 3 891 3 453 3 546 Slovénie Spain 13 881 14 462 14 848 4 114 4 241 4 438 9 431 9 740 9 901 336 481 509 1 615 1 648 1 758 15 496 16 110 16 606 Espagne Sweden 69 000 71 000 70 400 37 200 38 400 37 600 31 500 32 300 32 500 300 300 300 5 400 5 600 5 600 74 400 76 600 76 000 Suède Switzerland 2 807 2 933 3 003 2 322 2 440 2 500 482 490 500 3 3 3 1 845 1 890 1 960 4 652 4 823 4 963 Suisse Turkey 24 474 24 790 24 790 10 889 11 000 11 000 12 447 12 650 12 650 1 138 1 140 1 140 5 396 5 856 5 856 29 870 30 646 30 646 Turquie United Kingdom 8 009 8 636 8 636 5 892 6 475 6 475 1 632 1 632 1 632 485 528 528 2 429 2 429 2 429 10 438 11 065 11 065 Royaume-Uni Total Europe 390 151 396 178 393 415 223 248 224 746 219 670 159 938 164 038 166 197 6 965 7 393 7 549 122 638 123 531 125 432 512 789 519 708 518 848 Total Europe Armenia 4 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 4 1 546 1 546 1 546 1 550 1 550 1 550 Arménie Moldova 45 45 45 31 31 31 0 0 0 14 14 14 1 219 1 219 1 219 1 264 1 264 1 264 Moldova Russia 201 891 205 132 198 720 135 325 137 274 132 286 48 954 50 070 49 541 17 612 17 788 16 894 15 109 15 260 14 805 217 000 220 392 213 525 Russie Total EECCA 201 941 205 182 198 769 135 356 137 305 132 317 48 954 50 070 49 541 17 630 17 806 16 912 17 873 18 024 17 569 219 814 223 206 216 338 Total EOCAC Canada 130 430 125 381 125 381 116 298 111 984 111 984 12 278 11 544 11 544 1 853 1 853 1 853 1 750 1 750 1 750 132 180 127 132 127 132 Canada United States 369 175 380 381 383 613 180 237 191 345 194 529 175 722 175 805 175 846 13 215 13 230 13 238 60 525 60 588 60 622 429 700 440 969 444 235 Etats-Unis Total North America 499 604 505 762 508 995 296 536 303 330 306 513 188 000 187 349 187 390 15 069 15 083 15 091 62 276 62 338 62 372 561 880 568 101 571 367 Total Amérique du Nord

a Pulpwood, round and split, as well as chips and particles produced directly a Bois de trituration, rondins et quartiers, ainse que plaquettes et particules fabriquées therefrom and used as pulpwood directement à partir des rondins et quartiers et utilisées comme bois de trituration

b Pitprops, poles, piling, posts etc. b Bois de mine, poteaux, pilotis, piquets etc. c Including chips and particles produced from wood in the rough and c Y compris plaquettes et particules fabriquées à partir du bois brut et utilisées

used for energy purposes à des fins energétiques

Bois de trituration a

TABLE 9

Autre b Wood fuel c

Bois de chauffage c Total PaysCountry Grumes

LogsTotal Pulpwood a Other b

Industrial wood - Bois industriels

QUANTITES ENLEVEES DE BOIS BRUT TOTAL

REMOVALS OF WOOD IN THE ROUGH TOTAL

1000 m3 - Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 18

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 10 587 11 920 12 100 8 229 9 410 9 500 2 358 2 510 2 600 0 0 0 3 359 3 067 3 200 13 946 14 987 15 300 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 2 120 2 097 2 133 1 417 1 390 1 420 559 567 570 144 140 143 5 7 6 2 125 2 104 2 139 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 6 6 7 8 8 Chypre Czech Republic 28 432 20 624 17 850 20 286 12 716 9 942 8 036 7 799 7 798 110 109 110 6 165 6 615 6 675 34 597 27 239 24 525 République tchèque Estonia 4 434 4 200 4 200 3 259 3 100 3 100 1 148 1 075 1 075 27 25 25 1 426 1 330 1 330 5 861 5 530 5 530 Estonie Finland 43 228 48 622 48 806 21 593 24 690 24 512 21 635 23 931 24 294 0 0 0 4 304 4 304 4 304 47 532 52 926 53 110 Finlande France 16 361 17 840 16 860 11 669 13 000 12 000 4 479 4 600 4 600 213 240 260 2 344 2 500 2 700 18 705 20 340 19 560 France Germany 56 362 57 175 56 075 45 700 46 500 45 000 10 590 10 600 11 000 72 75 75 9 005 8 500 8 500 65 366 65 675 64 575 Allemagne Hungary 858 832 832 169 159 159 596 542 542 94 130 130 142 116 116 1 000 948 948 Hongrie Ireland 3 692 3 532 3 762 2 347 2 475 2 636 1 197 877 934 148 180 192 276 120 128 3 968 3 652 3 889 Irlande Italy 4 125 4 125 4 125 2 792 2 792 2 792 853 853 853 480 480 480 1 180 1 180 1 180 5 305 5 305 5 305 Italie Latvia 8 407 8 100 8 100 5 476 5 400 5 400 2 241 2 100 2 100 690 600 600 285 280 280 8 692 8 380 8 380 Lettonie Luxembourg 209 169 169 63 51 51 40 32 32 106 86 86 37 30 30 246 198 199 Luxembourg Montenegro 167 84 136 148 74 111 17 9 23 2 1 2 5 3 4 172 87 139 Monténégro Netherlands 446 475 475 154 180 180 255 260 260 37 35 35 423 425 425 869 900 900 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 51 51 51 41 41 41 0 0 0 10 10 10 26 26 26 77 77 77 Macédoine du Nord Poland 28 625 29 550 29 800 14 167 14 400 14 500 13 886 14 500 14 600 572 650 700 2 297 2 350 2 400 30 922 31 900 32 200 Pologne Portugal 3 974 4 316 4 190 1 696 1 866 1 800 2 130 2 300 2 230 147 150 160 422 400 410 4 396 4 716 4 600 Portugal Serbia 372 381 390 229 235 240 94 96 98 49 50 52 142 150 155 514 531 545 Serbie Slovakia 3 776 3 925 4 025 2 598 2 700 2 750 1 157 1 200 1 250 21 25 25 259 250 300 4 035 4 175 4 325 Slovaquie Slovenia 1 985 1 445 1 595 1 624 1 200 1 300 346 230 280 15 15 15 121 120 120 2 106 1 565 1 715 Slovénie Spain 6 836 7 224 7 522 3 150 3 276 3 473 3 489 3 665 3 751 197 282 298 483 516 626 7 319 7 740 8 148 Espagne Sweden 62 550 64 450 63 750 37 000 38 200 37 400 25 400 26 100 26 200 150 150 150 2 700 2 800 2 800 65 250 67 250 66 550 Suède Switzerland 2 403 2 512 2 567 2 093 2 200 2 250 308 310 315 2 2 2 786 790 810 3 189 3 302 3 377 Suisse Turkey 15 721 15 925 15 925 7 429 7 500 7 500 7 222 7 350 7 350 1 070 1 075 1 075 2 756 2 756 2 756 18 477 18 681 18 681 Turquie United Kingdom 7 896 8 523 8 523 5 829 6 412 6 412 1 630 1 630 1 630 436 480 480 1 817 1 817 1 817 9 713 10 339 10 339 Royaume-Uni Total Europe 313 618 318 097 313 962 199 160 199 969 194 471 109 665 113 137 114 386 4 793 4 990 5 105 40 770 40 456 41 103 354 388 358 553 355 065 Total Europe Armenia 4 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 Arménie Moldova 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 3 3 3 Moldova Russia 161 011 162 621 153 754 120 439 121 644 115 562 33 289 33 622 31 941 7 283 7 356 6 252 10 752 10 859 10 316 171 763 173 480 164 071 Russie Total EECCA 161 016 162 626 153 759 120 440 121 645 115 563 33 289 33 622 31 941 7 287 7 360 6 256 10 754 10 861 10 318 171 770 173 487 164 078 Total EOCAC Canada 107 661 103 728 103 728 103 717 100 117 100 117 3 804 3 470 3 470 140 140 140 805 805 805 108 466 104 533 104 533 Canada United States 293 023 296 554 299 112 147 988 151 442 153 962 133 458 133 521 133 552 11 578 11 591 11 598 26 345 26 374 26 390 319 368 322 928 325 502 Etats-Unis Total North America 400 685 400 282 402 839 251 705 251 559 254 079 137 262 136 992 137 023 11 718 11 731 11 738 27 150 27 179 27 195 427 834 427 461 430 034 Total Amérique du Nord

a Pulpwood, round and split, as well as chips and particles produced directly a Bois de trituration, rondins et quartiers, ainse que plaquettes et particules fabriquées therefrom and used as pulpwood directement à partir des rondins et quartiers et utilisées comme bois de trituration

b Pitprops, poles, piling, posts etc. b Bois de mine, poteaux, pilotis, piquets etc. c Including chips and particles produced from wood in the rough and c Y compris plaquettes et particules fabriquées à partir du bois brut et utilisées

used for energy purposes à des fins energétiques

Pulpwood a Other b Industrial wood - Bois industriels

QUANTITES ENLEVEES DE BOIS BRUT CONIFERES

REMOVALS OF WOOD IN THE ROUGH SOFTWOOD

1000 m3 - Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Bois de trituration a

TABLE 9a

Autre b Wood fuel c

Bois de chauffage c Total PaysCountry Grumes

LogsTotal

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 19

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 876 1 004 1 010 275 322 330 600 682 680 0 0 0 1 968 2 044 2 000 2 843 3 048 3 010 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 699 709 715 614 626 630 55 57 56 30 26 29 1 479 1 495 1 490 2 178 2 204 2 205 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 Chypre Czech Republic 720 729 740 392 391 383 323 334 352 5 4 5 552 545 535 1 272 1 274 1 275 République tchèque Estonia 2 068 1 900 1 900 875 800 800 1 168 1 075 1 075 25 25 25 2 709 2 500 2 500 4 777 4 400 4 400 Estonie Finland 8 302 8 324 8 708 886 1 167 1 167 7 416 7 158 7 542 0 0 0 4 589 4 589 4 589 12 891 12 913 13 297 Finlande France 7 898 8 000 8 220 4 296 4 400 4 700 3 314 3 300 3 200 288 300 320 21 100 22 000 23 000 28 998 30 000 31 220 France Germany 5 428 5 202 5 102 2 513 2 400 2 300 2 913 2 800 2 800 2 2 2 13 257 12 800 12 800 18 685 18 002 17 902 Allemagne Hungary 1 598 1 964 1 964 986 1 098 1 098 306 377 377 306 489 489 2 374 2 557 2 557 3 972 4 520 4 520 Hongrie Ireland 3 10 11 3 10 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 112 119 13 122 130 Irlande Italy 877 877 877 560 560 560 166 166 166 152 152 152 9 659 9 659 9 659 10 536 10 536 10 536 Italie Latvia 4 320 4 250 4 250 1 903 2 000 2 000 1 882 1 750 1 750 535 500 500 2 335 2 300 2 300 6 655 6 550 6 550 Lettonie Luxembourg 82 171 163 18 37 35 64 134 128 0 0 0 22 47 43 104 218 206 Luxembourg Montenegro 132 66 99 101 50 76 26 13 19 5 3 4 44 22 33 176 88 132 Monténégro Netherlands 216 250 250 60 80 80 147 160 160 9 10 10 1 900 1 900 1 900 2 116 2 150 2 150 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 74 74 74 73 73 73 0 0 0 1 1 1 584 584 584 658 658 658 Macédoine du Nord Poland 7 254 7 740 8 250 2 747 2 800 2 900 4 468 4 900 5 300 40 40 50 2 416 2 450 2 500 9 670 10 190 10 750 Pologne Portugal 7 830 8 000 8 000 220 200 180 7 410 7 600 7 620 200 200 200 1 196 1 100 1 150 9 026 9 100 9 150 Portugal Serbia 1 410 1 425 1 440 988 995 998 294 300 310 128 130 132 6 312 6 400 6 550 7 722 7 825 7 990 Serbie Slovakia 3 148 3 260 3 410 1 316 1 400 1 500 1 828 1 850 1 900 5 10 10 265 275 275 3 413 3 535 3 685 Slovaquie Slovenia 833 938 881 348 400 400 450 490 440 35 48 41 952 950 950 1 785 1 888 1 831 Slovénie Spain 7 045 7 239 7 326 964 965 965 5 942 6 074 6 150 139 199 211 1 132 1 132 1 132 8 177 8 371 8 458 Espagne Sweden 6 450 6 550 6 650 200 200 200 6 100 6 200 6 300 150 150 150 2 700 2 800 2 800 9 150 9 350 9 450 Suède Switzerland 404 421 436 229 240 250 174 180 185 1 1 1 1 059 1 100 1 150 1 463 1 521 1 586 Suisse Turkey 8 753 8 865 8 865 3 460 3 500 3 500 5 225 5 300 5 300 68 65 65 2 640 3 100 3 100 11 393 11 965 11 965 Turquie United Kingdom 113 113 113 63 63 63 2 2 2 48 48 48 613 613 613 726 726 726 Royaume-Uni Total Europe 76 532 78 080 79 454 24 088 24 777 25 199 50 273 50 901 51 811 2 171 2 402 2 444 81 868 83 074 84 330 158 401 161 155 163 783 Total Europe Armenia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 546 1 546 1 546 1 546 1 546 1 546 Arménie Moldova 44 44 44 30 30 30 0 0 0 14 14 14 1 217 1 217 1 217 1 261 1 261 1 261 Moldova Russia 40 880 42 511 44 965 14 886 15 630 16 724 15 665 16 449 17 600 10 329 10 433 10 641 4 357 4 401 4 489 45 237 46 912 49 454 Russie Total EECCA 40 925 42 556 45 010 14 916 15 660 16 754 15 665 16 449 17 600 10 343 10 447 10 655 7 120 7 163 7 251 48 044 49 719 52 261 Total EOCAC Canada 22 768 21 654 21 654 12 581 11 867 11 867 8 474 8 073 8 073 1 713 1 713 1 713 946 946 946 23 714 22 599 22 599 Canada United States 76 151 83 827 84 502 32 250 39 903 40 567 42 264 42 284 42 294 1 638 1 639 1 640 34 180 34 214 34 232 110 332 118 041 118 734 Etats-Unis Total North America 98 920 105 481 106 155 44 831 51 771 52 435 50 738 50 358 50 368 3 351 3 352 3 353 35 126 35 160 35 178 134 046 140 640 141 333 Total Amérique du Nord

a Pulpwood, round and split, as well as chips and particles produced directly a Bois de trituration, rondins et quartiers, ainse que plaquettes et particules fabriquées therefrom and used as pulpwood directement à partir des rondins et quartiers et utilisées comme bois de trituration

b Pitprops, poles, piling, posts etc. b Bois de mine, poteaux, pilotis, piquets etc. c Including chips and particles produced from wood in the rough and c Y compris plaquettes et particules fabriquées à partir du bois brut et utilisées

used for energy purposes à des fins energétiques

Bois de trituration a

TABLE 9b

Autre b Wood fuel c

Bois de chauffage c Total PaysCountry Grumes

LogsTotal Pulpwood a Other b

Industrial wood - Bois industriels

QUANTITES ENLEVEES DE BOIS BRUT NON-CONIFERES

REMOVALS OF WOOD IN THE ROUGH HARDWOOD

1000 m3 - Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 20

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 16 525 17 280 17 550 8 229 9 410 9 500 8 705 8 320 8 500 409 450 450 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 1 459 1 433 1 469 1 417 1 390 1 420 57 60 65 15 17 16 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 9 100 8 655 8 790 20 286 12 716 9 942 555 545 560 11 741 4 606 1 712 République tchèque Estonia 3 436 3 470 3 470 3 259 3 100 3 100 259 450 450 82 80 80 Estonie Finland 21 577 24 602 24 339 21 593 24 690 24 512 322 203 118 338 291 291 Finlande France 11 019 12 370 11 400 11 669 13 000 12 000 184 232 300 834 862 900 France Germany 43 600 42 000 43 000 45 700 46 500 45 000 3 900 3 500 4 000 6 000 8 000 6 000 Allemagne Hungary 169 159 159 169 159 159 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hongrie Ireland 2 397 2 525 2 686 2 347 2 475 2 636 300 320 320 250 270 270 Irlande Italy 2 792 2 792 2 792 2 792 2 792 2 792 0 0 0 0 0 0 Italie Latvia 6 183 6 030 6 030 5 476 5 400 5 400 897 850 850 190 220 220 Lettonie Luxembourg 336 324 324 63 51 51 524 524 524 251 251 251 Luxembourg Montenegro 148 74 111 148 74 111 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 134 188 188 154 180 180 65 83 83 85 75 75 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 41 41 41 41 41 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord Poland 13 685 14 000 14 200 14 167 14 400 14 500 1 227 1 250 1 300 1 709 1 650 1 600 Pologne Portugal 2 099 1 986 1 915 1 696 1 866 1 800 428 150 140 25 30 25 Portugal Serbia 246 254 261 229 235 240 20 22 24 3 3 3 Serbie Slovakia 2 727 3 200 3 250 2 598 2 700 2 750 898 900 900 769 400 400 Slovaquie Slovenia 1 467 1 260 1 300 1 624 1 200 1 300 367 350 320 523 290 320 Slovénie Spain 3 245 3 342 3 634 3 150 3 276 3 473 215 226 381 121 160 220 Espagne Sweden 37 054 38 279 37 479 37 000 38 200 37 400 718 743 743 664 664 664 Suède Switzerland 1 808 1 930 1 995 2 093 2 200 2 250 55 50 55 340 320 310 Suisse Turkey 7 424 7 490 7 490 7 429 7 500 7 500 15 10 10 20 20 20 Turquie United Kingdom 6 051 6 634 6 634 5 829 6 412 6 412 330 330 330 108 108 108 Royaume-Un Total Europe 194 723 200 321 200 509 199 160 199 969 194 471 20 042 19 119 19 973 24 478 18 767 13 935 Total Europe Moldova 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 108 143 109 224 108 110 120 439 121 644 115 562 0 0 0 12 297 12 420 7 452 Russie Total EECCA 108 144 109 225 108 111 120 440 121 645 115 563 0 0 0 12 297 12 420 7 452 Total EOCAC Canada 99 569 94 455 93 946 103 717 100 117 100 117 2 682 2 525 2 612 6 830 8 187 8 783 Canada United States 139 741 144 640 143 529 147 988 151 442 153 962 285 302 320 8 531 7 104 10 752 Etats-Unis Total North America 239 311 239 094 237 475 251 705 251 559 254 079 2 967 2 826 2 931 15 361 15 291 19 535 Total Amérique du Nord

a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce

Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 10

Apparent Consumption a

Consommation Apparente a Pays

SOFTWOOD SAWLOGS GRUMES DE SCIAGES DES CONIFERES

1000 m3 Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Exports - ExportationsCountry

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 21

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 395 452 460 275 322 330 160 180 180 40 50 50 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 614 630 630 614 626 630 9 12 10 9 8 10 Bosnie-Herzegovine Czech Republic 332 320 323 392 391 383 120 120 122 180 191 182 République tchèque Estonia 893 840 840 875 800 800 42 65 65 25 25 25 Estonie Finland 988 1 306 1 167 886 1 167 1 167 103 139 1 0 0 0 Finlande France 3 384 3 499 3 830 4 296 4 400 4 700 110 119 130 1 022 1 020 1 000 France Germany 1 863 1 850 1 790 2 513 2 400 2 300 150 150 140 800 700 650 Allemagne Hungary 986 1 098 1 098 986 1 098 1 098 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hongrie Ireland 2 8 9 3 10 11 0 0 0 1 2 2 Irlande Italy 560 560 560 560 560 560 0 0 0 0 0 0 Italie Latvia 1 674 1 725 1 725 1 903 2 000 2 000 35 25 25 265 300 300 Lettonie Luxembourg 174 193 191 18 37 35 171 171 171 15 15 15 Luxembourg Montenegro 101 50 76 101 50 76 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 87 115 115 60 80 80 82 90 90 55 55 55 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 73 73 73 73 73 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord Poland 2 677 2 730 2 830 2 747 2 800 2 900 80 80 80 150 150 150 Pologne Portugal 885 320 290 220 200 180 696 150 140 30 30 30 Portugal Serbia 973 977 972 988 995 998 25 27 29 40 45 55 Serbie Slovakia 1 387 1 500 1 600 1 316 1 400 1 500 381 400 400 310 300 300 Slovaquie Slovenia 235 263 243 348 400 400 32 43 43 145 180 200 Slovénie Spain 1 001 1 023 1 303 964 965 965 96 102 382 59 44 44 Espagne Sweden 216 223 223 200 200 200 23 23 23 7 0 0 Suède Switzerland 114 125 135 229 240 250 50 45 40 165 160 155 Suisse Turkey 3 486 3 515 3 515 3 460 3 500 3 500 45 30 30 19 15 15 Turquie United Kingdom 120 120 120 63 63 63 66 66 66 9 9 9 Royaume-Un Total Europe 23 219 23 516 24 118 24 088 24 777 25 199 2 476 2 038 2 167 3 345 3 299 3 247 Total Europe Moldova 30 30 30 30 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 12 486 13 182 14 227 14 886 15 630 16 724 0 0 0 2 400 2 448 2 497 Russie Total EECCA 12 516 13 212 14 257 14 916 15 660 16 754 0 0 0 2 400 2 448 2 497 Total EOCAC Canada 13 545 12 981 12 948 12 581 11 867 11 867 1 018 1 190 1 154 54 76 73 Canada United States 30 257 37 792 38 330 32 250 39 903 40 567 154 159 165 2 147 2 271 2 402 Etats-Unis Total North America 43 802 50 773 51 278 44 831 51 771 52 435 1 172 1 349 1 318 2 201 2 347 2 475 Total Amérique du Nord

a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce

Exports - ExportationsCountry Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 11

Apparent Consumption a

Consommation Apparente a Pays

HARDWOOD SAWLOGS (total) Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

GRUMES DE SCIAGES DES NON-CONIFERES

1000 m3

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 22

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 395 452 460 275 322 330 160 180 180 40 50 50 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 614 630 630 614 626 630 9 12 10 9 8 10 Bosnie-Herzegovine Czech Republic 332 320 323 392 391 383 120 120 122 180 191 182 République tchèque Estonia 893 840 840 875 800 800 42 65 65 25 25 25 Estonie Finland 988 1 306 1 167 886 1 167 1 167 103 139 1 0 0 0 Finlande France 3 351 3 461 3 793 4 296 4 400 4 700 74 78 90 1 019 1 017 997 France Germany 1 857 1 846 1 784 2 513 2 400 2 300 142 141 130 798 695 646 Allemagne Hungary 986 1 098 1 098 986 1 098 1 098 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hongrie Ireland 2 8 9 3 10 11 0 0 0 1 2 2 Irlande Italy 560 560 560 560 560 560 0 0 0 0 0 0 Italie Latvia 1 674 1 725 1 725 1 903 2 000 2 000 35 25 25 265 300 300 Lettonie Luxembourg 159 178 176 18 37 35 156 156 156 15 15 15 Luxembourg Montenegro 101 50 76 101 50 76 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 83 102 102 60 80 80 68 70 70 45 48 48 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 73 73 73 73 73 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord Poland 2 675 2 728 2 828 2 747 2 800 2 900 78 78 78 150 150 150 Pologne Portugal 698 246 221 220 200 180 504 70 65 25 24 24 Portugal Serbia 972 976 971 988 995 998 24 26 28 40 45 55 Serbie Slovakia 1 387 1 500 1 600 1 316 1 400 1 500 381 400 400 310 300 300 Slovaquie Slovenia 235 262 242 348 400 400 32 42 42 145 180 200 Slovénie Spain 994 1 017 1 296 964 965 965 89 95 374 59 43 43 Espagne Sweden 216 223 223 200 200 200 23 23 23 7 0 0 Suède Switzerland 114 125 135 229 240 250 50 45 40 165 160 155 Suisse Turkey 3 486 3 515 3 515 3 460 3 500 3 500 45 30 30 19 15 15 Turquie United Kingdom 96 96 96 63 63 63 42 42 42 9 9 9 Royaume-Un Total Europe 22 940 23 338 23 943 24 088 24 777 25 199 2 176 1 837 1 971 3 324 3 276 3 226 Total Europe Moldova 30 30 30 30 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 12 486 13 182 14 227 14 886 15 630 16 724 0 0 0 2 400 2 448 2 497 Russie Total EECCA 12 516 13 212 14 257 14 916 15 660 16 754 0 0 0 2 400 2 448 2 497 Total EOCAC Canada 13 546 12 984 12 948 12 581 11 867 11 867 1 018 1 190 1 154 53 73 73 Canada United States 30 256 37 791 38 329 32 250 39 903 40 567 152 158 163 2 146 2 270 2 401 Etats-Unis Total North America 43 802 50 775 51 277 44 831 51 771 52 435 1 170 1 347 1 317 2 199 2 343 2 474 Total Amérique du Nord

a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce

Exports - ExportationsCountry Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 11a

Apparent Consumption a

Consommation Apparente a Pays

HARDWOOD LOGS (temperate) Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

GRUMES DE NON-CONIFERES (zone tempérée)

1000 m3

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 23

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 France -33 -38 -37 36 42 40 3 3 3 France Germany -6 -4 -6 8 9 10 2 5 4 Allemagne Luxembourg -15 -15 -15 15 15 15 0 0 0 Luxembourg Netherlands -4 -13 -13 14 20 20 10 7 7 Pays-Bas Poland -1 -2 -2 2 2 2 0 0 0 Pologne Portugal -187 -74 -69 192 80 75 5 6 6 Portugal Serbia -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Serbie Slovenia -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Slovénie Spain -7 -6 -7 7 8 8 0 1 1 Espagne United Kingdom -24 -24 -24 24 24 24 0 0 0 Royaume-Un Total Europe -279 -178 -175 300 201 196 20 23 21 Total Europe Canada 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 Canada United States -1 -1 -1 2 2 2 1 1 1 Etats-Unis Total North America 0 2 -1 2 2 2 2 4 1 Total Amérique du Nord

TABLE 11b

Net Trade Commerce Net Pays

HARDWOOD LOGS (tropical) GRUMES DE NON-CONIFERES (tropicale)

1000 m3

Exports - ExportationsCountry

Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Production Imports - Importations

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 24

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 15 114 15 232 15 570 10 110 10 642 10 980 5 798 5 730 5 630 794 1 140 1 040 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 928 911 927 881 874 891 99 87 87 51 50 51 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 8 9 9 8 8 8 1 1 1 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 6 297 6 778 6 889 10 087 9 823 9 900 482 558 576 4 272 3 603 3 587 République tchèque Estonia 4 050 3 280 3 280 6 316 5 850 5 850 459 270 270 2 724 2 840 2 840 Estonie Finland 53 097 56 668 56 727 43 221 46 410 47 366 11 047 11 200 10 303 1 171 942 942 Finlande France 23 342 23 959 24 580 22 195 22 900 23 300 3 083 3 093 3 280 1 936 2 034 2 000 France Germany 27 601 26 250 27 690 29 618 30 900 31 300 3 352 2 650 3 140 5 368 7 300 6 750 Allemagne Hungary 1 766 1 936 1 936 1 707 1 843 1 843 134 223 223 75 130 130 Hongrie Ireland 1 961 1 869 1 974 2 082 2 044 2 177 129 200 203 249 375 406 Irlande Italy 5 567 5 567 5 567 4 518 4 518 4 518 1 154 1 154 1 154 105 105 105 Italie Latvia 4 140 3 650 3 650 6 387 6 050 6 050 2 019 1 800 1 800 4 266 4 200 4 200 Lettonie Luxembourg 695 757 751 625 687 681 189 189 189 119 119 119 Luxembourg Malta 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro 239 218 238 238 217 237 1 1 1 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 1 145 1 120 1 120 1 355 1 380 1 390 734 730 730 944 990 1 000 Pays-Bas Poland 29 967 30 985 31 835 28 035 29 200 29 800 4 609 4 460 4 410 2 677 2 675 2 375 Pologne Portugal 13 533 13 750 13 782 11 462 11 900 11 870 2 363 2 280 2 382 292 430 470 Portugal Serbia 909 947 976 892 931 958 21 20 22 4 4 4 Serbie Slovakia 3 472 3 800 4 000 4 119 4 200 4 350 1 006 1 000 1 050 1 654 1 400 1 400 Slovaquie Slovenia 834 910 880 1 877 1 870 1 920 494 700 570 1 536 1 660 1 610 Slovénie Spain 11 099 11 684 12 052 12 663 13 217 13 651 557 582 603 2 121 2 116 2 202 Espagne Sweden 59 772 59 734 59 784 52 100 53 300 53 300 8 194 7 127 7 127 522 693 643 Suède Switzerland 1 692 1 713 1 738 1 254 1 280 1 310 631 623 613 193 190 185 Suisse Turkey 13 596 14 027 14 027 13 397 13 600 13 600 202 455 455 3 28 28 Turquie United Kingdom 5 136 5 482 5 482 4 670 4 974 4 974 578 578 578 112 71 71 Royaume-Un Total Europe 285 963 291 237 295 466 269 817 278 619 282 225 47 336 45 712 45 399 31 190 33 094 32 158 Total Europe Moldova 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 58 244 60 273 64 791 73 232 75 562 76 307 104 104 104 15 092 15 393 11 620 Russie Total EECCA 58 246 60 275 64 793 73 233 75 563 76 308 105 105 105 15 092 15 393 11 620 Total EOCAC Canada 34 428 30 819 31 865 31 073 27 434 27 434 4 000 3 969 4 975 645 584 545 Canada United States 228 406 228 659 234 933 233 223 234 181 234 974 190 206 201 5 007 5 728 243 Etats-Unis Total North America 262 835 259 479 266 798 264 296 261 615 262 408 4 191 4 175 5 177 5 652 6 312 788 Total Amérique du Nord

Includes wood residues, chips and particles for all purposes Comprend les dechets de bois, plaquettes et particules pour toute utilisation a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce

TABLE 12

Apparent Consumption a

Pays

1000 m3

Exports - Exportations

PULPWOOD (total) BOIS DE TRITURATION (total)

Country

Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Production Imports - ImportationsConsommation Apparente a

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 25

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 4 999 4 750 4 840 2 358 2 510 2 600 2 749 2 500 2 400 108 260 160 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 622 625 623 559 567 570 77 68 65 14 10 12 Bosnie-Herzegovine Czech Republic 4 527 5 000 5 050 8 036 7 799 7 798 263 255 268 3 772 3 054 3 016 République tchèque Estonia 528 475 475 1 148 1 075 1 075 21 40 40 641 640 640 Estonie Finland 21 957 24 401 24 237 21 635 23 931 24 294 1 205 1 238 711 883 768 768 Finlande France 4 622 4 724 4 700 4 479 4 600 4 600 506 561 600 363 438 500 France Germany 10 290 7 600 9 000 10 590 10 600 11 000 2 200 1 500 2 000 2 500 4 500 4 000 Allemagne Hungary 596 542 542 596 542 542 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hongrie Ireland 1 117 752 801 1 197 877 934 30 50 53 110 175 186 Irlande Italy 853 853 853 853 853 853 0 0 0 0 0 0 Italie Latvia 1 814 1 750 1 750 2 241 2 100 2 100 306 350 350 733 700 700 Lettonie Luxembourg 40 32 32 40 32 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 Luxembourg Montenegro 17 9 23 17 9 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 142 140 140 255 260 260 82 80 80 195 200 200 Pays-Bas Poland 13 036 13 600 13 950 13 886 14 500 14 600 1 185 1 200 1 250 2 035 2 100 1 900 Pologne Portugal 2 205 2 350 2 272 2 130 2 300 2 230 81 80 82 6 30 40 Portugal Serbia 94 96 98 94 96 98 0 0 0 0 0 0 Serbie Slovakia 702 900 950 1 157 1 200 1 250 575 500 500 1 030 800 800 Slovaquie Slovenia 278 310 330 346 230 280 230 310 280 298 230 230 Slovénie Spain 2 931 2 905 2 952 3 489 3 665 3 751 95 100 102 653 860 901 Espagne Sweden 29 055 29 293 29 393 25 400 26 100 26 200 3 931 3 469 3 469 276 276 276 Suède Switzerland 238 240 245 308 310 315 20 20 20 90 90 90 Suisse Turkey 7 224 7 352 7 352 7 222 7 350 7 350 3 3 3 1 1 1 Turquie United Kingdom 1 885 1 885 1 885 1 630 1 630 1 630 283 283 283 29 29 29 Royaume-Uni Total Europe 109 772 110 583 112 492 109 665 113 137 114 386 13 842 12 607 12 556 13 736 15 161 14 449 Total Europe Russia 29 389 29 682 32 041 33 289 33 622 31 941 100 100 100 4 000 4 040 0 Russie Total EECCA 29 389 29 682 32 041 33 289 33 622 31 941 100 100 100 4 000 4 040 0 Total EOCAC Canada 4 432 3 984 4 267 3 804 3 470 3 470 645 518 800 17 4 3 Canada United States 133 463 133 526 133 557 133 458 133 521 133 552 5 5 5 0 0 0 Etats-Unis Total North America 137 895 137 511 137 825 137 262 136 992 137 023 650 523 805 17 4 3 Total Amérique du Nord

a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce

TABLE 12a

Apparent Consumption a

Consommation Apparente a Pays

PULPWOOD LOGS (ROUND AND SPLIT) BOIS DE TRITURATION (RONDINS ET QUARTIERS)

1000 m3 - Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Exports - ExportationsCountry Production

Softwood Conifères

Imports - Importations

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 26

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 1 210 1 382 1 380 600 682 680 680 780 780 70 80 80 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 61 62 64 55 57 56 13 10 12 7 5 4 Bosnie-Herzegovine Czech Republic 276 293 306 323 334 352 17 18 18 64 59 64 République tchèque Estonia 507 205 205 1 168 1 075 1 075 172 130 130 833 1 000 1 000 Estonie Finland 11 986 11 834 11 801 7 416 7 158 7 542 4 637 4 709 4 292 67 32 32 Finlande France 2 509 2 546 2 480 3 314 3 300 3 200 67 66 80 872 820 800 France Germany 2 663 2 650 2 690 2 913 2 800 2 800 150 150 140 400 300 250 Allemagne Hungary 306 377 377 306 377 377 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hongrie Italy 166 166 166 166 166 166 0 0 0 0 0 0 Italie Latvia 600 400 400 1 882 1 750 1 750 461 350 350 1 743 1 700 1 700 Lettonie Luxembourg 64 134 128 64 134 128 0 0 0 0 0 0 Luxembourg Montenegro 26 13 19 26 13 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 65 50 50 147 160 160 21 20 20 103 130 130 Pays-Bas Poland 4 953 5 385 5 785 4 468 4 900 5 300 560 560 560 75 75 75 Pologne Portugal 8 585 8 300 8 350 7 410 7 600 7 620 1 353 1 000 1 050 178 300 320 Portugal Serbia 293 299 309 294 300 310 0 0 0 1 1 1 Serbie Slovakia 1 788 1 900 2 000 1 828 1 850 1 900 70 150 200 110 100 100 Slovaquie Slovenia 146 140 100 450 490 440 88 130 90 392 480 430 Slovénie Spain 5 267 5 658 5 658 5 942 6 074 6 150 285 291 295 960 707 787 Espagne Sweden 8 641 8 441 8 541 6 100 6 200 6 300 2 558 2 258 2 258 17 17 17 Suède Switzerland 137 143 148 174 180 185 3 3 3 40 40 40 Suisse Turkey 5 225 5 300 5 300 5 225 5 300 5 300 2 2 2 2 2 2 Turquie United Kingdom 17 17 17 2 2 2 16 16 16 0 0 0 Royaume-Un Total Europe 55 490 55 695 56 274 50 273 50 901 51 811 11 152 10 643 10 295 5 935 5 849 5 832 Total Europe Russia 8 465 9 105 10 109 15 665 16 449 17 600 0 0 0 7 200 7 344 7 491 Russie Total EECCA 8 465 9 105 10 109 15 665 16 449 17 600 0 0 0 7 200 7 344 7 491 Total EOCAC Canada 8 112 7 871 7 870 8 474 8 073 8 073 31 28 19 393 231 223 Canada United States 42 217 42 237 42 247 42 264 42 284 42 294 42 42 42 89 89 89 Etats-Unis Total North America 50 329 50 108 50 117 50 738 50 358 50 368 73 70 61 482 320 312 Total Amérique du Nord

a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce

Hardwood Non-conifères 1000 m3 - Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

BOIS DE TRITURATION (RONDINS ET QUARTIERS)

Production Imports - Importations

TABLE 12b

Apparent Consumption a

Consommation Apparente a PaysExports - ExportationsCountry

PULPWOOD LOGS (ROUND AND SPLIT)

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 27

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 8 904 9 100 9 350 7 152 7 450 7 700 2 369 2 450 2 450 616 800 800 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 245 224 240 267 250 265 9 9 10 30 35 35 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 8 9 9 8 8 8 1 1 1 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 1 494 1 485 1 533 1 728 1 690 1 750 202 285 290 436 490 507 République tchèque Estonia 3 015 2 600 2 600 4 000 3 700 3 700 266 100 100 1 251 1 200 1 200 Estonie Finland 19 154 20 432 20 689 14 170 15 321 15 530 5 205 5 254 5 301 221 142 142 Finlande France 16 211 16 690 17 400 14 402 15 000 15 500 2 510 2 465 2 600 701 776 700 France Germany 14 649 16 000 16 000 16 115 17 500 17 500 1 002 1 000 1 000 2 468 2 500 2 500 Allemagne Hungary 864 1 017 1 017 805 924 924 134 223 223 75 130 130 Hongrie Ireland 844 1 117 1 173 885 1 167 1 243 99 150 150 139 200 220 Irlande Italy 4 549 4 549 4 549 3 500 3 500 3 500 1 154 1 154 1 154 105 105 105 Italie Latvia 1 726 1 500 1 500 2 264 2 200 2 200 1 252 1 100 1 100 1 790 1 800 1 800 Lettonie Luxembourg 591 591 591 521 521 521 189 189 189 119 119 119 Luxembourg Malta 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro 196 196 196 195 195 195 1 1 1 0 0 0 Monténégro Netherlands 938 930 930 953 960 970 631 630 630 646 660 670 Pays-Bas Poland 11 977 12 000 12 100 9 680 9 800 9 900 2 864 2 700 2 600 567 500 400 Pologne Portugal 2 742 3 100 3 160 1 921 2 000 2 020 929 1 200 1 250 108 100 110 Portugal Serbia 522 552 569 504 535 550 21 20 22 3 3 3 Serbie Slovakia 982 1 000 1 050 1 135 1 150 1 200 361 350 350 514 500 500 Slovaquie Slovenia 409 460 450 1 080 1 150 1 200 176 260 200 847 950 950 Slovénie Spain 2 902 3 120 3 442 3 233 3 478 3 750 178 191 206 508 548 514 Espagne Sweden 22 076 22 000 21 850 20 600 21 000 20 800 1 705 1 400 1 400 229 400 350 Suède Switzerland 1 317 1 330 1 345 772 790 810 608 600 590 63 60 55 Suisse Turkey 1 147 1 375 1 375 950 950 950 197 450 450 0 25 25 Turquie United Kingdom 3 234 3 580 3 580 3 038 3 342 3 342 279 279 279 83 41 41 Royaume-Uni Total Europe 120 700 124 959 126 700 109 879 114 581 116 029 22 341 22 462 22 548 11 520 12 084 11 876 Total Europe Moldova 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 20 390 21 487 22 641 24 278 25 492 26 766 4 4 4 3 892 4 009 4 129 Russie Total EECCA 20 392 21 489 22 643 24 279 25 493 26 767 5 5 5 3 892 4 009 4 129 Total EOCAC Canada 21 885 18 964 19 728 18 795 15 890 15 890 3 324 3 423 4 156 235 349 318 Canada United States 52 726 52 896 59 128 57 501 58 376 59 128 143 159 154 4 918 5 639 154 Etats-Unis Total North America 74 611 71 860 78 856 76 296 74 266 75 018 3 467 3 581 4 310 5 153 5 988 472 Total Amérique du Nord

TABLE 12c

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Pays

WOOD RESIDUES, CHIPS AND PARTICLES DECHETS DE BOIS, PLAQUETTES ET PARTICULES

1000 m3

Exports - Exportations

Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Country Production Imports - Importations

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 28

Imports Exports

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Austria 1 074 1 135 1 250 1 540 1 650 1 800 384 425 390 849 940 940 Autriche Bosnia-Herzegovina 90 94 94 150 162 165 1 2 3 61 70 74 Bosnie-Herzegovine Cyprus 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 0 0 0 Chypre Czech Republic 180 182 198 477 490 502 32 34 35 329 342 339 République tchèque Estonia 572 115 115 1 630 1 400 1 400 12 15 15 1 070 1 300 1 300 Estonie Finland 427 395 420 322 345 365 112 90 90 7 40 35 Finlande France 2 075 2 101 2 200 1 760 1 800 1 850 412 410 450 97 109 100 France Germany 2 590 2 880 3 225 3 100 3 300 3 600 291 325 350 801 745 725 Allemagne Hungary 77 79 79 16 19 19 84 82 82 23 22 22 Hongrie Ireland 45 65 65 38 55 55 38 45 45 30 35 35 Irlande Italy 2 194 2 194 2 194 400 400 400 1 802 1 802 1 802 7 7 7 Italie Latvia 325 300 300 2 264 2 200 2 200 425 400 400 2 364 2 300 2 300 Lettonie Luxembourg 47 47 47 63 63 63 11 11 11 27 27 27 Luxembourg Malta 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Malte Montenegro 53 47 47 89 82 82 1 1 1 37 37 37 Monténégro Netherlands 2 442 2 609 3 180 300 300 300 2 297 2 429 3 000 155 120 120 Pays-Bas North Macedonia 91 91 91 0 0 0 91 91 91 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord Poland 818 880 900 1 353 1 450 1 500 176 180 200 711 750 800 Pologne Portugal 255 204 245 859 900 950 2 4 5 606 700 710 Portugal Serbia 406 445 450 445 455 460 40 45 50 79 55 60 Serbie Slovakia 20 20 20 206 200 200 43 45 45 229 225 225 Slovaquie Slovenia 206 165 175 148 160 165 257 215 230 198 210 220 Slovénie Spain 507 696 798 531 745 863 65 76 80 89 125 145 Espagne Sweden 1 642 1 940 1 940 1 660 2 000 2 000 119 140 140 138 200 200 Suède Switzerland 347 350 355 270 275 285 78 75 70 0 0 0 Suisse Turkey 6 6 6 20 20 20 0 0 0 14 14 14 Turquie United Kingdom 9 345 9 345 9 345 271 271 271 9 078 9 078 9 078 4 4 4 Royaume-Un Total Europe 25 840 26 388 27 743 17 912 18 743 19 516 15 854 16 023 16 666 7 925 8 378 8 439 Total Europe Moldova 32 32 32 31 31 31 2 2 2 0 0 0 Moldova Russia 509 470 540 2 800 3 220 3 703 2 2 2 2 294 2 752 3 165 Russie Total EECCA 541 502 573 2 831 3 251 3 734 4 4 4 2 294 2 752 3 165 Total EOCAC Canada 960 795 536 3 830 4 131 4 131 31 46 54 2 901 3 381 3 649 Canada United States 1 360 1 503 1 572 8 412 8 855 9 210 205 227 236 7 257 7 578 7 874 Etats-Unis Total North America 2 321 2 299 2 108 12 242 12 985 13 341 236 272 290 10 158 10 958 11 523 Total Amérique du Nord

Exports - Exportations Pays

TABLE 13 WOOD PELLETS GRANULES DE BOIS

1000 mt Apparent Consumption

Country Consommation Apparente

Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

Production Imports - Importations

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 29

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 actual actual actual actual réels réels réels réels

Sawn softwood 82.76 89.42 90.28 102.87 107.84 109.03 32.51 35.40 34.94 52.63 53.82 53.68 Sciages conifères

Softwood logs a 194.72 200.32 200.51 199.16 199.97 194.47 20.04 19.12 19.97 24.48 18.77 13.94 Grumes de conifères a

Sawn hardwood 10.78 11.34 11.61 10.72 11.25 11.40 4.01 4.25 4.34 3.95 4.17 4.12 Sciages non-conifères

– temperate zone b 10.05 10.62 10.88 10.65 11.19 11.34 3.24 3.49 3.56 3.84 4.06 4.01 – zone tempérée b

– tropical zone b 0.72 0.72 0.73 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.77 0.77 0.78 0.11 0.11 0.11 – zone tropicale b

Hardwood logs a 23.22 23.52 24.12 24.09 24.78 25.20 2.48 2.04 2.17 3.34 3.30 3.25 Grumes de non-conifères a

– temperate zone b 22.94 23.34 23.94 24.09 24.78 25.20 2.18 1.84 1.97 3.32 3.28 3.23 – zone tempérée b

– tropical zone b 0.28 0.18 0.17 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.02 0.02 0.02 – zone tropicale b

Veneer sheets 1.44 1.51 1.53 1.03 1.13 1.13 1.18 1.23 1.26 0.77 0.85 0.86 Feuilles de placage

Plywood 7.44 7.27 7.51 4.39 4.61 4.63 6.77 6.68 6.90 3.72 4.02 4.03 Contreplaqués

Particle board (excluding OSB) 28.83 29.99 30.57 30.22 31.31 31.80 9.16 9.50 9.84 10.55 10.83 11.07 Pann. de particules (sauf OSB)

OSB 5.66 5.74 5.81 5.85 5.69 5.80 3.26 3.29 3.34 3.45 3.24 3.33 OSB

Fibreboard 20.47 20.83 21.46 22.07 22.67 23.15 9.24 9.65 9.86 10.84 11.49 11.55 Panneaux de fibres

– Hardboard 0.52 0.66 0.74 0.38 0.42 0.43 1.38 1.42 1.45 1.25 1.19 1.14 – Durs

– MDF 16.80 17.00 17.48 18.52 19.04 19.43 5.86 6.14 6.25 7.58 8.18 8.20 – MDF

– Other board 3.15 3.17 3.24 3.16 3.22 3.29 2.00 2.08 2.15 2.01 2.13 2.21 – Autres panneaux Pulpwood a 285.96 291.24 295.47 269.82 278.62 282.23 47.34 45.71 45.40 31.19 33.09 32.16 Bois de trituration a

– Pulp logs 165.26 166.28 168.77 159.94 164.04 166.20 24.99 23.25 22.85 19.67 21.01 20.28 – Bois ronds de trituration

– softwood 109.77 110.58 112.49 109.67 113.14 114.39 13.84 12.61 12.56 13.74 15.16 14.45 – conifères

– hardwood 55.49 55.69 56.27 50.27 50.90 51.81 11.15 10.64 10.30 5.93 5.85 5.83 – non-conifères

– Residues, chips and particles 120.70 124.96 126.70 109.88 114.58 116.03 22.34 22.46 22.55 11.52 12.08 11.88 – Déchets, plaquettes et part. Wood pulp 40.30 40.64 40.12 36.93 37.91 37.93 17.92 17.74 17.65 14.55 15.02 15.46 Pâte de bois

Paper and paperboard 76.36 76.97 77.32 86.91 89.94 90.19 44.50 44.66 44.77 55.05 57.63 57.65 Papiers et cartons

Wood Pellets 25.84 26.39 27.74 17.91 18.74 19.52 15.85 16.02 16.67 7.93 8.38 8.44 Granulés de bois a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fourni des données sur le commerce b Trade figures by zone do not equal the total as some countries cannot provide data for both zones b Les chiffres du commerce par zone ne correspondent pas aux totaux

en raison du fait que certains pays ne peuvent les différencier.

TABLE 14

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Exports - ExportationsProduction

Europe: Summary table of market forecasts for 2021 and 2022

Europe: Tableau récapitulatif des prévisions du marché pour 2021 et 2022

million m 3 (pulp, paper and pellets million m.t. - pâte de bois, papiers et cartons, et granulés en millions de tonnes métriques)

Imports - Importations

Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

prévisions forecasts prévisions

forecasts prévisions

forecasts prévisions

forecasts

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 30

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 actual actual actual actual réels réels réels réels

Sawn softwood 99.90 108.23 111.04 101.84 106.68 109.76 26.26 26.68 26.58 28.20 25.13 25.30 Sciages conifères

Softwood logs 239.31 239.09 237.48 251.70 251.56 254.08 2.97 2.83 2.93 15.36 15.29 19.53 Grumes de conifères

Sawn hardwood 15.07 15.55 15.76 17.68 17.82 17.86 1.38 1.55 1.65 4.00 3.81 3.76 Sciages non-conifères

– temperate zone 14.93 15.43 15.63 17.68 17.82 17.86 1.20 1.37 1.47 3.95 3.76 3.70 – zone tempérée

– tropical zone 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.18 0.19 0.05 0.05 0.06 – zone tropicale

Hardwood logs 43.80 50.77 51.28 44.83 51.77 52.43 1.17 1.35 1.32 2.20 2.35 2.47 Grumes de non-conifères

– temperate zone 43.80 50.78 51.28 44.83 51.77 52.43 1.17 1.35 1.32 2.20 2.34 2.47 – zone tempérée

– tropical zone 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 – zone tropicale Veneer sheets 2.85 2.90 2.96 2.87 2.93 3.01 0.74 0.82 0.84 0.76 0.86 0.88 Feuilles de placage

Plywood 16.41 17.41 17.77 11.17 11.75 12.00 6.31 6.80 6.92 1.07 1.13 1.14 Contreplaqués

Particle board (excluding OSB) 7.25 6.77 6.74 6.41 6.26 6.30 1.95 1.94 1.98 1.12 1.43 1.54 Pann. de particules (sauf OSB)

OSB 20.08 20.76 21.06 20.34 21.24 21.57 5.19 5.58 5.68 5.45 6.07 6.18 OSB

Fibreboard 9.46 9.82 9.83 7.35 7.40 7.40 3.64 3.94 3.95 1.52 1.52 1.52 Panneaux de fibres

– Hardboard 0.27 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.35 – Durs

– MDF 5.88 6.16 6.18 3.77 3.82 3.82 3.02 3.25 3.25 0.91 0.90 0.89 – MDF

– Other board 3.31 3.36 3.36 3.28 3.28 3.28 0.31 0.36 0.37 0.28 0.28 0.29 – Autres panneaux Pulpwood 262.83 259.48 266.80 264.30 261.62 262.41 4.19 4.17 5.18 5.65 6.31 0.79 Bois de trituration

– Pulp logs 188.22 187.62 187.94 188.00 187.35 187.39 0.72 0.59 0.87 0.50 0.32 0.32 – Bois ronds de trituration

– softwood 137.89 137.51 137.82 137.26 136.99 137.02 0.65 0.52 0.81 0.02 0.00 0.00 – conifères

– hardwood 50.33 50.11 50.12 50.74 50.36 50.37 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.48 0.32 0.31 – non-conifères

– Residues, chips and particles 74.61 71.86 78.86 76.30 74.27 75.02 3.47 3.58 4.31 5.15 5.99 0.47 – Déchets, plaquettes et part. Wood pulp 54.46 55.16 55.31 64.98 65.09 64.61 6.30 6.77 7.22 16.82 16.71 16.52 Pâte de bois

Paper and paperboard 68.29 70.84 71.97 74.59 77.14 78.53 10.00 10.31 10.28 16.31 16.60 16.84 Papiers et cartons

Wood pellets 2.32 2.30 2.11 12.24 12.99 13.34 0.24 0.27 0.29 10.16 10.96 11.52 Granulés de bois

TABLE 15

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Exports - ExportationsProduction

North America: Summary table of market forecasts for 2021 and 2022

Amérique du Nord: Tableau récapitulatif des prévisions du marché pour 2021 et 2022

million m3 (pulp, paper and pellets million m.t. - pâte de bois, papiers et cartons, et granulés en millions de tonnes métriques)

Imports - Importations

Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions

forecasts prévisions

forecasts prévisions

forecasts prévisions

forecasts prévisions

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 31

2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 actual actual actual actual réels réels réels réels

Sawn softwood 9.13 10.15 11.25 38.92 40.09 42.09 0.04 0.04 0.04 29.83 29.98 30.88 Sciages conifères

Softwood logs 108.14 109.22 108.11 120.44 121.64 115.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.30 12.42 7.45 Grumes de conifères

Sawn hardwood 1.34 1.38 1.48 2.88 2.97 3.14 0.01 0.01 0.01 1.54 1.59 1.67 Sciages non-conifères

– temperate zone 1.34 1.38 1.47 2.88 2.97 3.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.54 1.59 1.67 – zone tempérée

– tropical zone 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 – zone tropicale

Hardwood logs 12.49 13.18 14.23 14.89 15.63 16.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 2.45 2.50 Grumes de non-conifères

– temperate zone 12.49 13.18 14.23 14.89 15.63 16.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 2.45 2.50 – zone tempérée

– tropical zone 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 – zone tropicale Veneer sheets 1.10 1.44 1.69 1.57 1.96 2.26 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.49 0.54 0.58 Feuilles de placage

Plywood 1.22 1.44 1.51 4.00 4.60 4.83 0.12 0.13 0.13 2.90 3.28 3.45 Contreplaqués

Particle board (excluding OSB) 5.29 6.12 6.50 6.73 7.15 7.53 0.30 0.67 0.79 1.74 1.69 1.83 Pann. de particules (sauf OSB)

OSB 1.61 1.08 1.26 1.63 1.63 1.95 0.35 0.18 0.14 0.36 0.72 0.83 OSB

Fibreboard 2.80 3.42 3.67 3.58 4.30 4.63 0.46 0.59 0.64 1.24 1.48 1.60 Panneaux de fibres

– Hardboard 0.32 0.39 0.35 0.37 0.45 0.40 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.16 0.15 – Durs

– MDF 2.45 2.99 3.29 3.20 3.84 4.22 0.33 0.46 0.51 1.08 1.31 1.44 – MDF

– Other board 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 – Autres panneaux Pulpwood 58.24 60.27 64.79 73.23 75.56 76.31 0.10 0.10 0.10 15.09 15.39 11.62 Bois de trituration

– Pulp logs 37.85 38.79 42.15 48.95 50.07 49.54 0.10 0.10 0.10 11.20 11.38 7.49 – Bois ronds de trituration

– softwood 29.39 29.68 32.04 33.29 33.62 31.94 0.10 0.10 0.10 4.00 4.04 0.00 – conifères

– hardwood 8.47 9.10 10.11 15.67 16.45 17.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.20 7.34 7.49 – non-conifères

– Residues, chips and particles 20.39 21.49 22.64 24.28 25.49 26.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.89 4.01 4.13 – Déchets, plaquettes et part. Wood pulp 6.53 6.55 6.68 8.77 8.85 9.03 0.21 0.21 0.22 2.44 2.52 2.57 Pâte de bois

Paper and paperboard 7.12 7.62 7.95 9.53 10.19 10.70 1.19 1.17 1.14 3.60 3.75 3.90 Papiers et cartons

Wood pellets 0.51 0.47 0.54 2.80 3.22 3.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.29 2.75 3.17 Granulés de bois

TABLE 16

Apparent Consumption Consommation Apparente Exports - ExportationsProduction

Russian Federation: Summary table of market forecasts for 2021 and 2022

Fédération de Russie: Tableau récapitulatif des prévisions du marché pour 2021 et 2022

million m3 (pulp, paper and pellets million m.t. - pâte de bois, papiers et cartons, et granulés en millions de tonnes métriques)

Imports - Importations

prévisions forecasts prévisions

forecasts prévisions

forecasts prévisions

forecasts

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 32

Unit Unité 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

1979-81 1999-2001 Volume Percent

EXPORTS EXPORTATIONS

Roundwood a million m3 22.22 48.68 61.29 63.02 70.01 78.70 82.01 3.31 4.2% Bois ronds a

Sawnwood " 24.77 45.99 55.71 58.51 59.86 62.83 56.58 -6.25 -9.9% Sciages Wood-based panels b " 8.07 21.42 33.67 35.66 35.43 35.67 28.55 -7.12 -20.0% Panneaux à base de bois b

Wood pulp million m.t. 7.31 10.08 14.31 14.81 15.19 16.26 14.55 -1.71 -10.5% Pâte de bois Paper and paperboard " 18.39 54.06 65.56 66.20 66.45 65.12 55.05 -10.07 -15.5% Papiers et cartons

IMPORTS IMPORTATIONS

Roundwood a million m3 38.83 74.99 85.69 79.61 90.25 89.33 86.83 -2.50 -2.8% Bois ronds a

Sawnwood " 34.26 46.39 40.93 43.88 46.19 47.38 36.52 -10.86 -22.9% Sciages Wood-based panels b " 10.30 21.38 33.04 35.75 37.21 36.72 28.43 -8.29 -22.6% Panneaux à base de bois b

Wood pulp million m.t. 11.36 17.26 20.73 20.86 21.51 20.02 17.92 -2.10 -10.5% Pâte de bois Paper and paperboard " 16.78 48.69 56.27 57.08 57.24 55.14 44.50 -10.64 -19.3% Papiers et cartons

NET TRADE c COMMERCE NET c

Roundwood a million m3 -16.61 -26.31 -24.40 -16.59 -20.24 -10.63 -4.82 5.81 54.6% Bois ronds a

Sawnwood " -9.49 -0.40 14.78 14.62 13.68 15.45 20.06 4.61 29.8% Sciages Wood-based panels b " -2.23 0.04 0.63 -0.10 -1.79 -1.05 0.12 1.17 NA Panneaux à base de bois b

Wood pulp million m.t. -4.05 -7.18 -6.42 -6.05 -6.31 -3.76 -3.37 0.39 10.3% Pâte de bois Paper and paperboard " 1.61 5.37 9.29 9.12 9.21 9.98 10.55 0.57 5.7% Papiers et cartons

a Including available data on wood residues, chips and particles a Y compris les données disponibles pour les déchets, les plaquettes et les particules b Not including veneer sheets b Ne sot pas compris les feuilles de placage c Exports minus imports c Exportations moins importations

2019/2020

Quantity - Volume

TABLE 17 Europe: Trade in forest products by main product groups, 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (averages) and 2016 to 2020

Europe: Commerce des produits forestiers, par principaux groupes d'assortiments, en 1979-81 et 1999-2001 (moyennes) et de 2016 à 2020

Change - Changementaverage moyenne

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 33

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 1979-81 1999-2001

Sawnwood b million m3 100.66 108.12 107.55 110.81 113.12 110.61 93.53 100.75 101.89 Sciages b

– Softwood " 78.36 89.22 94.52 97.49 99.05 96.33 82.76 89.42 90.28 – Conifères – Hardwood " 22.30 18.90 13.03 13.32 14.07 14.27 10.78 11.34 11.61 – Non-conifères

Wood-based panels c " 33.70 54.21 71.70 74.21 75.86 74.96 62.39 63.82 65.34 Panneaux à base de bois c

– Plywood " 5.44 6.66 8.43 8.89 9.48 8.91 7.44 7.27 7.51 – Contreplaqués – Particle board d " 23.82 34.50 36.11 36.97 36.61 36.39 28.83 29.99 30.57 – Panneaux de particules d

– OSB 1.72 6.18 6.63 6.89 6.74 5.66 5.74 5.81 – OSB – Fibreboard " 4.44 11.00 20.99 21.72 22.88 22.92 20.47 20.83 21.46 – Panneaux de fibres

Paper and paperboard million m.t. 49.17 88.67 88.40 89.94 89.53 86.18 76.36 76.97 77.32 Papiers et cartons – Newsprint " 6.45 12.04 6.61 6.03 5.76 5.26 4.10 – Papiers journal – Other paper & paperbrd. " 42.71 76.63 81.79 83.91 83.77 80.92 72.26 – Autres papiers/cartons

Sawnwood b 100.0 107.4 106.8 110.1 112.4 109.9 92.9 100.1 101.2 Sciages b

– Softwood 100.0 113.9 120.6 124.4 126.4 122.9 105.6 114.1 115.2 – Conifères – Hardwood 100.0 84.7 58.4 59.7 63.1 64.0 48.3 50.8 52.1 – Non-conifères

Wood-based panels c 100.0 160.9 212.8 220.2 225.1 222.4 185.1 189.4 193.9 Panneaux à base de bois c

– Plywood 100.0 122.5 154.9 163.4 174.2 163.8 136.7 133.6 138.0 – Contreplaqués – Particle board 100.0 144.8 151.6 155.2 153.7 152.8 121.0 125.9 128.3 – Panneaux de particules – OSB 100.0 359.2 385.7 400.4 391.9 329.0 333.6 337.7 – OSB – Fibreboard 100.0 247.9 472.8 489.2 515.3 516.1 461.0 469.1 483.3 – Panneaux de fibres

Paper and paperboard 100.0 180.3 179.8 182.9 182.1 175.3 155.3 156.5 157.2 Papiers et cartons – Newsprint 100.0 186.6 102.5 93.4 89.2 81.6 63.5 – Papiers journal – Other paper & paperbrd. 100.0 179.4 191.5 196.5 196.1 189.5 169.2 – Autres papiers/cartons

a The forecasts and 2020 are not a Une comparison entre prévisions (et 2020) comparable with earlier data as the methodology is different. et les donnes anterieures n'est pas possible à cause de différences des méthodes de calcul. b Excluding sleepers through 2016 b Non compris les traverses jusqu'à 2016 c Not including veneer sheets c Ne sont pas compris les feuilles de placage d Average figure for 1979-81 includes OSB d Les chiffres moyennes 1979-81 comprennent le OSB

TABLE 18 Europe: Apparent consumption of selected forest products, 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (averages), 2016 to 2020, and forecasts for 2021 and 2022

Europe: Consommation apparente de certains produits forestiers, en 1979-81 et 1999-2001 (moyennes), de 2016 à 2020 et prévisions pour 2021 et 2022

Forecasts a

Index - Indice 1979-81 = 100

Prévisions aActual - RéelleUnit Unité average

moyenne

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 34

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 1979-81 1999-2001

Sawnwood b million m3 95.82 119.44 99.75 100.40 101.08 101.75 99.92 102.05 103.10 Sciages b

– Softwood " 79.14 91.63 80.22 81.41 81.94 82.26 86.12 87.85 88.69 – Conifères – Hardwood " 16.67 27.81 19.53 18.99 19.14 19.49 13.81 14.20 14.41 – Non-conifères

Wood-based panels c " 29.25 54.68 47.17 48.78 47.93 46.78 46.09 47.63 48.43 Panneaux à base de boisc

– Plywood " 6.09 18.74 15.42 15.60 14.87 14.03 14.03 14.64 14.94 – Contreplaqués – Particle board d " 17.11 10.15 5.04 5.09 5.18 5.40 5.24 5.41 5.52 – Panneaux de particulesd

– OSB 17.75 17.08 18.33 18.86 18.67 18.58 19.35 19.72 – OSB – Fibreboard " 6.05 8.05 9.63 9.75 9.01 8.69 8.24 8.24 8.24 – Panneaux de fibres

Paper and paperboard million m.t. 61.86 92.52 70.10 69.61 68.82 66.31 63.57 66.13 67.40 Papiers et cartons – Newsprint " 10.56 12.20 3.03 2.62 2.29 1.91 1.42 – Papiers journal – Other paper & paperbrd. " 51.30 80.33 67.07 66.99 66.53 64.41 62.15 – Autres papiers/cartons

Sawnwood b million m3 23.87 34.46 28.33 27.42 26.44 25.30 26.26 26.70 26.57 Sciages b

– Softwood " 23.10 32.93 27.37 26.70 25.49 24.53 25.63 26.03 25.88 – Conifères – Hardwood " 0.77 1.53 0.96 0.72 0.95 0.77 0.63 0.67 0.69 – Non-conifères

Wood-based panels c " 2.11 12.82 13.23 14.50 15.67 14.34 14.46 14.97 15.13 Panneaux à base de boisc

– Plywood " 0.50 2.63 4.88 4.93 5.47 4.66 5.06 5.30 5.33 – Contreplaqués – Particle board " 1.33 1.44 1.25 1.24 1.33 1.43 1.46 1.33 1.36 – Panneaux de particules – OSB 6.81 5.07 5.57 5.67 5.42 5.07 5.46 5.56 – OSB – Fibreboard " 0.28 1.94 2.03 2.76 3.21 2.83 2.88 2.88 2.88 – Panneaux de fibres

Paper and paperboard million m.t. 7.78 15.84 9.26 9.17 9.46 8.72 7.64 7.83 7.87 Papiers et cartons – Newsprint " 6.49 6.61 1.84 1.72 1.53 1.28 1.05 – Papiers journal – Other paper & paperbrd. " 1.29 9.24 7.42 7.45 7.94 7.45 6.60 – Autres papiers/cartons

a The forecasts and 2020 are not a Une comparison entre prévisions (et 2020) comparable with earlier data as the methodology is different. et les donnes anterieures s n'est pas possible à cause de différences des méthodes de calcul. b Excluding sleepers through 2016 b Non compris les traverses jusqu'à 2016 c Not including veneer sheets c Ne sont pas compris les feuilles de placage d Average figure for 1979-81 includes OSB d Les chiffres moyennes 1979-81 comprennent le OSB

Actual - Réelle Unit Unité

Imports – Importations

Apparent Consumption – Consommation apparente

average moyenne

TABLE 19 United States: Apparent consumption and imports of selected forest products, 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (averages), 2016 to 2020, and forecasts for 2021 and 2022

Etats-Unis: Consommation apparente et importations de certains produits forestiers, en 1979-81 et 1999-2001 (moyennes), de 2016 à 2020 et prévisions pour 2021 et 2022

Forecasts a Prévisions a

UNECE COFFI and FAO EFC Foresta2021 page 35

List of tables

List of Tables and Notes
Table 1 - Sawn Softwood
Table 2 - Sawn Hardwood (total)
Table 2a - Sawn Hardwood (temperate)
Table 2b - Sawn Hardwood (tropical)
Table 3 - Veneer Sheets
Table 4 - Plywood
Table 5 - Particle Board (excluding OSB)
Table 5a - Oriented Strand Board
Table 6 - Fibreboard
Table 6a - Hardboard
Table 6b - MDF/HDF
Table 6c - Other Fibreboard
Table 7 - Wood Pulp
Table 8 - Paper and Paperboard
Table 9 - Removals of wood in the rough
Table 9a - Removals of wood in the rough (softwood)
Table 9b - Removals of wood in the rough (hardwood)
Table 10 - Softwood sawlogs
Table 11 - Hardwood sawlogs
Table 11a - Hardwood logs (temperate)
Table 11b - Hardwood logs (tropical)
Table 12 - Pulpwood
Table 12a - Pulpwood (softwood)
Table 12b - Pulpwood (hardwood)
Table 12c - Wood Residues, Chips and Particles
Table 13 - Wood Pellets
Table 14 - Europe: Summary table of market forecasts for 2021 and 2022
Table 15 - North America: Summary table of market forecasts for 2021 and 2022
Table 16 - Russian Federation: Summary table of market forecasts for 2021 and 2022
Table 17 - Europe: Trade in forest products by main product groups, 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (average) and 2016 to 2020
Table 18 - Europe: Apparent consumption of selected forest products, 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (average), 2016 to 2020, and forecasts for 2021 and 2022
Table 19 - United States: Apparent consumption and imports of selected forest products 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (average), 2016 to 2020, and forecasts for 2021 and 2022
Source: UNECE Committee on Forests and the Forest Industry , November 2021, http://www.unece.org/forests/fpm/timbercommittee.html
Notes: Data in italics are estimated by the secretariat. EECCA is Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia.
Data for the two latest years are forecasts.
In contrast to previous years, data are shown only for countries providing forecasts. Sub-regional totals are only for reporting countries.
Austrian removals data do not include trees outside the forest. Wood chip trade includes recovered post-consumer wood.
German estimates for removals for 2021 and 2022 are highly sensitive to assumptions of beetle and storm damage
Italy MDF/HDF production data include only MDF
Montenegro removal figures are from Directorate of Forests, other figures are based on Statistical Office information.
Polish trade data exclude non-reporters (estimated at 1-3% of total). Polish sawnwood data include shop lumber. Wood pulp production is in metric tonnes not air-dried and excludes recovered fibre pulp.
Polish wood pellets production data includes briquettes and non-wood based material.
Slovenian trade figures are lower than actual as they do not include estimates for non-recorded trade with other EU countries.
United Kingdom production figures for OSB and wood pulp are secretariat estimates.
Data on wood chips and residues for Turkey include those from secondary processing.
Softwood = coniferous, hardwood = non-coniferous
For tables 1-13, data in italics are secretariat estimates or repeated data. All other data are from national sources and are of course estimates for the current and future year.
Countries with nil, missing or confidential data for all years on a table are not shown.

Table 1

TABLE 1
SAWN SOFTWOOD SCIAGES CONIFERES
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 6,165 6,650 6,700 10,339 10,800 11,300 1,777 1,950 1,600 5,951 6,100 6,200 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 226 189 204 810 779 812 7 10 12 590 600 620 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 29 31 31 1 1 1 28 30 30 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 2,343 1,875 1,924 5,213 5,015 5,144 483 460 480 3,352 3,600 3,700 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 2,073 2,420 2,420 1,700 1,700 1,700 1,364 1,720 1,720 991 1,000 1,000 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 3,252 3,280 3,280 10,880 12,000 12,200 569 480 480 8,198 9,200 9,400 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 8,187 8,492 8,400 6,798 7,000 7,000 2,437 2,484 2,400 1,048 992 1,000 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 20,630 22,300 22,500 25,216 27,000 27,000 5,519 6,300 6,000 10,105 11,000 10,500 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 910 858 858 120 134 134 796 768 768 7 44 44 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 492 937 997 1,012 1,312 1,397 310 375 400 830 750 800 Irlande 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Italy 3,714 4,412 4,412 274 342 342 3,740 4,282 4,282 300 213 213 Italie 3 2 2 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 3
Latvia 1,383 1,600 1,300 3,311 3,000 3,000 1,106 1,600 1,300 3,034 3,000 3,000 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 54 54 54 39 39 39 27 27 27 12 12 12 Luxembourg 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Malta 7 6 7 0 0 0 7 6 7 0 0 0 Malte 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Montenegro 32 32 32 129 129 129 9 9 9 106 106 106 Monténégro 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Netherlands 2,631 2,520 2,600 95 100 100 3,132 2,900 3,000 596 480 500 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 24 24 24 2 2 2 23 23 23 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 3 5 5 3 5 5 3
Poland 4,460 4,550 4,600 4,181 4,300 4,400 1,237 1,250 1,300 958 1,000 1,100 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 770 770 780 874 880 890 133 120 130 237 230 240 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 401 438 453 112 130 135 291 310 320 2 2 2 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 576 650 700 1,182 1,000 1,050 352 400 400 959 750 750 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 704 392 439 877 717 729 657 670 690 830 995 980 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 2,436 3,446 3,712 1,813 2,773 2,940 829 977 1,044 206 304 272 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 5,123 6,300 6,300 18,500 18,900 18,800 599 500 400 13,976 13,100 12,900 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 1,216 1,245 1,275 1,120 1,150 1,180 293 280 275 197 185 180 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 6,337 6,396 6,396 6,091 6,150 6,150 380 380 380 134 134 134 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 9,772 10,769 11,137 3,302 3,633 3,633 6,677 7,345 7,712 208 208 208 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 83,947 90,637 91,535 103,993 108,986 110,207 32,780 35,655 35,188 52,826 54,004 53,861 Total Europe
Armenia 182 182 182 0 0 0 182 182 182 0 0 0 Arménie 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 5 5 5 3
Moldova 221 221 221 2 2 2 219 219 219 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Russia 9,127 10,145 11,250 38,918 40,086 42,090 42 42 42 29,833 29,982 30,882 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total EECCA 9,530 10,549 11,653 38,920 40,088 42,092 444 444 444 29,833 29,983 30,882 Total EOCAC
Canada a 13,784 20,386 22,353 39,397 42,849 44,890 631 645 704 26,243 23,108 23,241 Canada a 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
United States a 86,118 87,846 88,690 62,446 63,831 64,874 25,631 26,033 25,875 1,959 2,019 2,059 Etats-Unis a 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
Total North America 99,902 108,231 111,043 101,843 106,680 109,764 26,261 26,678 26,579 28,202 25,127 25,300 Total Amérique du Nord
a converted from nominal to actual size using factor of 0.72 a convertis du dimension nominale au véritable avec une facteur du 0.72
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 2

TABLE 2
SAWN HARDWOOD (total) SCIAGES NON-CONIFERES (total)
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 273 285 295 237 265 275 165 170 180 129 150 160 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 1,224 1,190 1,230 1,350 1,320 1,360 129 120 130 256 250 260 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 7 9 9 0 0 0 7 9 9 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 388 385 387 145 145 146 288 290 292 45 50 51 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 131 180 180 100 100 100 146 180 180 115 100 100 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 47 42 42 36 36 36 31 31 31 20 25 25 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 1,143 1,183 1,240 1,336 1,400 1,450 276 281 290 469 499 500 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 660 642 640 962 1,010 1,000 379 416 400 681 784 760 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 53 215 215 280 334 334 49 81 81 276 201 201 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 29 41 42 2 8 9 29 35 35 3 2 2 Irlande 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Italy 986 1,259 1,259 612 826 826 521 631 631 147 197 197 Italie 3 2 2 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 3
Latvia 174 160 200 588 650 600 45 70 50 459 560 450 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 57 57 57 39 39 39 40 40 40 22 22 22 Luxembourg 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Malta 7 6 7 0 0 0 7 6 7 0 0 0 Malte 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Montenegro -23 -23 -23 2 2 2 3 3 3 29 29 29 Monténégro 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Netherlands 347 328 333 54 51 51 380 357 362 87 80 80 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Macédoine du Nord 3 3 3 3 2 5 5 3 5 5 3 5 5 3
Poland 515 540 550 486 510 530 250 280 300 221 250 280 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 223 219 210 148 149 150 96 100 100 22 30 40 Portugal 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3
Serbia 141 155 170 358 375 390 91 95 100 308 315 320 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 389 400 425 340 350 400 165 150 150 116 100 125 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 121 136 136 125 141 141 98 100 100 102 105 105 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 545 609 693 487 523 544 109 113 178 51 27 29 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 106 118 103 100 120 110 44 38 30 37 40 37 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 74 80 85 50 55 60 44 40 40 20 15 15 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 2,599 2,562 2,562 2,837 2,800 2,800 71 71 71 309 309 309 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 555 555 555 37 37 37 541 541 541 23 23 23 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 10,775 11,339 11,607 10,717 11,252 11,395 4,008 4,254 4,336 3,950 4,167 4,124 Total Europe
Armenia 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 1 1 1 Arménie 3 3 3 3 2 5 5 3 5 5 3 5 5 3
Moldova 12 12 12 9 9 9 4 4 4 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Russia 1,341 1,381 1,479 2,879 2,965 3,143 6 6 6 1,544 1,590 1,670 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total EECCA 1,355 1,395 1,493 2,888 2,974 3,152 12 12 12 1,545 1,591 1,670 Total EOCAC
Canada 1,261 1,350 1,350 997 942 855 753 880 959 489 472 464 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 13,806 14,204 14,409 16,688 16,874 17,009 630 672 692 3,511 3,342 3,293 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 15,067 15,554 15,759 17,685 17,816 17,864 1,383 1,552 1,651 4,000 3,814 3,757 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 2a

TABLE 2a
SAWN HARDWOOD (temperate) SCIAGES NON-CONIFERES (zone tempérée)
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 269 281 291 237 265 275 161 165 175 129 149 159 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 1,219 1,186 1,226 1,347 1,318 1,358 128 118 128 256 250 260 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 5 6 6 0 0 0 5 6 6 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 381 379 381 145 145 146 279 281 283 43 48 48 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 129 177 177 100 100 100 141 175 175 112 98 98 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 45 41 41 36 36 36 26 27 27 17 22 22 Finlande 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
France 1,007 1,042 1,101 1,325 1,387 1,437 148 150 160 466 495 496 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 624 602 602 961 1,009 999 313 350 338 650 757 735 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 53 215 215 280 334 334 49 81 81 276 201 201 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 16 27 28 2 8 9 16 21 21 3 2 2 Irlande 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
Italy 869 1,157 1,157 595 821 821 412 525 525 138 188 188 Italie 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3
Latvia 174 160 200 588 650 600 45 70 50 459 560 450 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 52 52 52 39 39 39 34 34 34 22 22 22 Luxembourg 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Malta 6 6 7 0 0 0 6 6 7 0 0 0 Malte 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
Montenegro -23 -23 -23 2 2 2 3 3 3 29 29 29 Monténégro 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Netherlands 179 169 174 48 45 45 183 174 179 52 50 50 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 5 5 5 Macédoine du Nord 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Poland 500 524 534 483 507 527 233 262 282 216 245 275 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 176 174 163 133 134 135 53 55 50 11 15 22 Portugal 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3
Serbia 138 152 167 357 374 389 89 93 98 308 315 320 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 389 397 422 340 350 400 165 147 147 116 100 125 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 119 135 135 125 141 141 95 98 98 102 105 105 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 501 558 631 486 520 541 63 60 114 47 22 24 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 105 117 102 100 120 110 42 37 29 37 40 37 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 65 71 76 47 52 57 38 34 34 20 15 15 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 2,563 2,526 2,526 2,832 2,795 2,795 39 39 39 308 308 308 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 489 489 489 37 37 37 470 470 470 18 18 18 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 10,051 10,623 10,882 10,650 11,195 11,338 3,239 3,486 3,557 3,838 4,057 4,013 Total Europe
Armenia 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 1 1 1 Arménie 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Moldova 12 12 12 9 9 9 3 3 3 0 0 0 Moldova 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Russia 1,336 1,376 1,474 2,879 2,965 3,143 1 1 1 1,544 1,590 1,670 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
Total EECCA 1,350 1,390 1,488 2,888 2,974 3,152 7 7 7 1,545 1,591 1,670 Total EOCAC
Canada 1,242 1,350 1,354 997 942 855 728 870 950 482 462 451 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 13,691 14,076 14,275 16,688 16,874 17,009 469 500 516 3,465 3,298 3,250 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 14,933 15,427 15,629 17,685 17,816 17,864 1,196 1,370 1,466 3,948 3,760 3,701 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 2b

TABLE 2b
SAWN HARDWOOD (tropical) SCIAGES NON-CONIFERES (tropicale)
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 4 4 4 0 0 0 5 5 5 1 1 1 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 4 4 4 3 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 0 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bulgaria 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bulgarie 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... 2 ... ... 2 ... ... 2
Cyprus 2 3 3 0 0 0 2 3 3 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 7 6 6 0 0 0 10 9 9 2 2 3 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 2 3 3 0 0 0 5 5 5 2 2 2 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 1 1 1 0 0 0 4 4 4 3 3 3 Finlande 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
France 136 141 139 11 13 13 128 131 130 3 4 4 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 36 40 38 1 1 1 66 66 62 31 27 25 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 13 14 14 0 0 0 13 14 14 0 0 0 Irlande 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Italy 118 102 102 17 5 5 109 106 106 9 9 9 Italie 3 2 2 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 3
Luxembourg 6 5 5 0 0 0 6 6 6 0 0 0 Luxembourg 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 5 5 3
Malta 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Malte 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Netherlands 168 159 159 6 6 6 197 183 183 35 30 30 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 3 5 5 2 5 5 3
Poland 15 16 16 3 3 3 17 18 18 5 5 5 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 47 45 47 15 15 15 43 45 50 11 15 18 Portugal 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3
Serbia 3 3 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 0 0 0 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 2 1 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 1 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 44 51 62 2 3 3 46 53 64 4 5 5 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 9 9 9 3 3 3 6 6 6 0 0 0 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 36 36 36 5 5 5 32 32 32 1 1 1 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 67 67 67 0 0 0 71 71 71 5 5 5 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 724 715 725 68 57 57 769 768 779 113 110 111 Total Europe
Russia 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Total EECCA 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 Total EOCAC
Canada 19 -0 -4 0 0 0 25 10 9 6 10 13 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 115 128 134 0 0 0 161 172 177 46 44 43 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 134 128 130 0 0 0 186 182 186 53 54 56 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 3

TABLE 3
VENEER SHEETS FEUILLES DE PLACAGE
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 45 55 55 8 8 8 55 66 66 17 19 19 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 40 42 42 38 40 42 8 12 12 6 10 12 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 21 35 36 29 29 29 38 60 61 47 55 55 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 78 55 55 71 70 70 64 80 80 57 95 95 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 13 12 12 152 173 173 7 9 9 146 170 170 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 185 200 200 157 160 160 134 140 140 106 100 100 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 150 147 141 100 100 100 104 90 82 55 43 41 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 83 85 85 35 43 43 69 69 69 21 27 27 Hongrie 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 2 2 3
Ireland 4 4 4 0 0 0 5 5 5 1 1 1 Irlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Italy 254 277 277 107 107 107 174 206 206 27 36 36 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 3
Latvia 120 125 125 0 0 0 148 150 150 28 25 25 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Luxembourg 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Malta 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Malte 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Netherlands 18 18 18 0 0 0 30 30 30 12 12 12 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 9 9 9 0 0 0 10 10 10 1 1 1 Macédoine du Nord 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Poland 98 101 107 39 41 45 74 75 78 15 15 16 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 2 10 5 25 45 40 48 30 35 71 65 70 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 21 23 24 28 30 31 13 14 15 20 21 22 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 22 25 25 21 20 20 19 20 20 17 15 15 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 10 3 5 19 18 18 12 14 14 22 29 27 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 142 155 176 69 106 106 106 92 119 33 42 49 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 21 27 23 60 65 60 12 15 13 51 53 50 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 3 3 3 0 0 0 4 4 4 1 1 1 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 78 78 78 75 75 75 16 16 16 13 13 13 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 20 20 20 0 0 0 22 22 22 2 2 2 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 1,438 1,511 1,527 1,032 1,130 1,127 1,175 1,231 1,259 769 850 859 Total Europe
Armenia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Arménie 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 3 5 5 5 5 5 3
Moldova 15 15 15 0 0 0 15 15 15 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Russia 1,096 1,440 1,692 1,570 1,963 2,257 13 13 13 487 535 578 Russie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total EECCA 1,111 1,455 1,707 1,570 1,963 2,257 28 28 28 487 535 578 Total EOCAC
Canada 178 119 111 581 565 565 145 193 203 549 639 656 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 2,668 2,778 2,851 2,284 2,370 2,445 600 629 632 215 221 226 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 2,846 2,896 2,962 2,866 2,934 3,010 745 822 835 764 860 883 Total Amérique du Nord
Note: Definition of veneers excludes domestic use for plywood.
La définition des placages exclus la conversion directe en contreplaqué.
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 4

TABLE 4
PLYWOOD CONTREPLAQUES
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 102 62 62 167 167 167 234 275 275 299 380 380 Autriche 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Bosnia-Herzegovina 26 25 29 28 30 32 15 12 15 16 17 18 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 17 19 19 0 0 0 17 19 19 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 207 163 167 263 257 262 129 100 105 186 195 200 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 82 88 88 165 170 170 93 125 125 176 207 207 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 290 320 320 990 1,170 1,140 128 120 120 828 970 940 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 550 581 620 234 240 250 477 501 530 161 160 160 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 1,146 840 1,000 100 100 100 1,410 1,100 1,250 363 360 350 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 265 275 275 49 58 58 375 310 310 159 93 93 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 57 55 57 0 0 0 57 55 57 0 0 0 Irlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Italy 422 528 528 265 265 265 348 464 464 191 201 201 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 3
Latvia 61 45 45 318 310 310 100 95 95 357 360 360 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 8 8 8 0 0 0 10 10 10 2 2 2 Luxembourg 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Malta 10 12 14 0 0 0 10 12 14 0 0 0 Malte 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Montenegro 4 4 4 0 0 0 5 5 5 1 1 1 Monténégro 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Netherlands 546 585 585 0 0 0 635 670 670 89 85 85 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 27 27 27 0 0 0 28 28 28 1 1 1 Macédoine du Nord 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Poland 590 630 650 483 510 530 415 430 450 309 310 330 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 195 115 122 91 0 0 118 130 140 14 15 18 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 36 37 39 11 12 13 31 32 33 6 7 7 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 364 380 380 417 425 425 67 75 75 120 120 120 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 61 83 90 95 109 120 45 64 60 78 90 90 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 449 501 483 508 580 590 147 202 200 206 281 307 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 294 250 255 90 95 90 235 195 195 30 40 30 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 202 209 214 7 7 7 198 205 210 3 3 3 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 147 147 147 105 105 105 85 85 85 43 43 43 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 1,280 1,280 1,280 0 0 0 1,362 1,362 1,362 83 83 83 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 7,436 7,269 7,508 4,386 4,610 4,634 6,771 6,681 6,902 3,721 4,022 4,028 Total Europe
Armenia 102 102 102 0 0 0 102 102 102 0 0 0 Arménie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Moldova 8 8 8 3 3 3 8 8 8 3 3 3 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Russia 1,215 1,443 1,509 3,999 4,599 4,829 120 126 126 2,904 3,282 3,446 Russie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total EECCA 1,325 1,554 1,619 4,003 4,602 4,832 230 236 236 2,907 3,284 3,448 Total EOCAC
Canada 2,377 2,777 2,823 1,673 1,874 1,828 1,248 1,495 1,585 543 592 589 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 14,029 14,637 14,944 9,500 9,875 10,168 5,058 5,304 5,330 528 542 555 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 16,406 17,415 17,767 11,172 11,749 11,996 6,305 6,799 6,915 1,071 1,134 1,144 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 5

TABLE 5
PARTICLE BOARD (excluding OSB) PANNEAUX DE PARTICULES (ne comprennent pas l'OSB)
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 719 798 803 2,330 2,480 2,500 308 320 325 1,919 2,002 2,022 Autriche 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 168 164 165 12 13 12 157 153 155 1 2 2 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Cyprus 43 42 42 0 0 0 43 42 42 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Czech Republic 281 400 436 774 1,010 1,040 315 320 323 809 930 927 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Estonia 170 185 185 180 210 210 73 74 74 83 99 99 Estonie 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Finland 144 135 135 88 88 88 76 77 77 20 30 30 Finlande 2 2 2 2 0 -3 -3 0 -3 -3 0 -3 -3 2
France 1,592 2,160 2,508 2,233 2,633 3,033 579 591 640 1,219 1,065 1,165 France 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Germany 5,789 5,660 5,815 5,556 5,550 5,575 1,903 1,660 1,840 1,670 1,550 1,600 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Hungary 319 405 405 334 355 355 326 352 352 340 302 302 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Ireland 101 114 114 0 0 0 116 130 130 16 16 16 Irlande 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 -3 -3 0 0 0 2
Italy 2,743 2,716 2,716 2,568 2,568 2,568 634 780 780 459 632 632 Italie 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 -3 0 0 -3 0 2
Latvia 162 160 160 396 400 400 49 50 50 283 290 290 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Luxembourg 22 22 22 0 0 0 26 26 26 4 4 4 Luxembourg 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Malta 10 10 10 0 0 0 10 10 10 0 0 0 Malte 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Montenegro 18 18 18 0 0 0 18 18 18 -0 -0 -0 Monténégro 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Netherlands 376 404 404 0 0 0 456 484 484 81 80 80 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
North Macedonia 95 95 95 0 0 0 96 96 96 1 1 1 Macédoine du Nord 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Poland 6,640 6,640 6,650 5,739 5,670 5,670 1,626 1,650 1,680 724 680 700 Pologne 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Portugal 549 647 693 700 710 720 288 365 412 438 428 439 Portugal 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Serbia 349 362 364 217 220 223 193 195 197 61 53 56 Serbie 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Slovakia 238 235 235 598 625 625 146 110 110 506 500 500 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Slovenia 143 163 157 0 0 0 147 168 160 4 5 4 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Spain 1,586 1,566 1,544 1,783 1,847 1,855 446 616 645 643 897 956 Espagne 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Sweden 874 908 895 568 580 565 386 415 410 80 87 80 Suède 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Switzerland 262 280 300 366 380 390 126 125 130 230 225 220 Suisse 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Turkey 3,234 3,234 3,234 4,075 4,075 4,075 29 29 29 870 870 870 Turquie 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
United Kingdom 2,203 2,465 2,465 1,698 1,897 1,897 590 649 649 86 81 81 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 -1 -3 -3 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Total Europe 28,830 29,988 30,569 30,215 31,311 31,801 9,162 9,505 9,844 10,548 10,828 11,075 Total Europe
Armenia 122 122 122 0 0 0 122 122 122 0 0 0 Arménie 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 0 2
Moldova 93 93 93 0 0 0 93 93 93 0 0 0 Moldova 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 -1 0 0 -3 0 0 2
Russia 5,289 6,123 6,498 6,731 7,146 7,535 299 670 789 1,741 1,692 1,825 Russie 2 2 2 2 -1 0 0 1 0 0 -1 0 0 2
Total EECCA 5,504 6,337 6,713 6,731 7,146 7,535 514 884 1,004 1,741 1,692 1,825 Total EOCAC
Canada 2,010 1,360 1,227 2,277 1,791 1,748 492 609 621 759 1,041 1,142 Canada 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
United States 5,237 5,408 5,515 4,136 4,465 4,553 1,462 1,334 1,359 361 391 398 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Total North America 7,247 6,768 6,742 6,413 6,257 6,302 1,954 1,943 1,980 1,121 1,432 1,539 Total Amérique du Nord
Data are calculated by subtracting OSB from the particleboard/OSB total - les données sont calculées en soustrayant les OSB du total des panneaux de particules et OSB.
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 5a

TABLE 5a
ORIENTED STRAND BOARD (OSB) PANNEAUX STRUCTURAUX ORIENTES (OSB)
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 177 212 212 0 0 0 182 220 220 5 8 8 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 21 27 30 9 10 12 12 17 19 0 0 1 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 20 18 18 0 0 0 20 18 18 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 335 260 282 937 745 770 155 165 175 757 650 663 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 44 45 45 0 0 0 45 46 46 1 1 1 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 49 49 49 0 0 0 49 49 49 0 0 0 Finlande 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
France 450 440 442 367 367 367 118 109 110 35 35 35 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 1,569 1,640 1,635 1,234 1,250 1,275 846 840 860 511 450 500 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 120 124 124 359 332 332 77 60 60 316 268 268 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 47 47 47 296 296 296 0 0 0 249 249 249 Irlande 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Italy 302 302 302 100 100 100 231 231 231 29 29 29 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Latvia 116 70 70 698 650 650 71 70 70 653 650 650 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 76 76 76 338 338 338 7 7 7 269 269 269 Luxembourg 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Montenegro 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 3 0 0 0 Monténégro 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Netherlands 167 185 185 0 0 0 171 190 190 4 5 5 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 11 11 11 0 0 0 11 11 11 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 3 5 5 3
Poland 666 710 750 833 930 980 246 200 220 413 420 450 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 36 33 37 0 0 0 37 35 38 1 2 1 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 62 66 69 0 0 0 66 70 73 4 4 4 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 91 90 90 0 0 0 91 90 90 1 0 0 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 34 39 38 0 0 0 35 42 40 1 3 2 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 11 4 7 2 3 3 34 37 38 25 37 34 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 140 125 125 0 0 0 146 130 130 6 5 5 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 90 90 90 0 0 0 90 90 90 0 0 0 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 170 170 170 75 75 75 101 101 101 6 6 6 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 852 901 901 598 598 598 414 455 455 160 152 152 Royaume-Uni 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total Europe 5,659 5,737 5,808 5,846 5,695 5,797 3,260 3,286 3,344 3,447 3,244 3,332 Total Europe
Armenia 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 0 0 0 Arménie 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 3 5 5 3
Belarus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bélarus 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... 2 ... ... 2 ... ... 2
Moldova 34 34 34 0 0 0 34 34 34 0 0 0 Moldova 3 3 3 3 2 5 5 3 5 5 5 5 5 3
Russia 1,615 1,078 1,260 1,626 1,627 1,953 351 176 140 362 725 833 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3
Total EECCA 1,653 1,116 1,298 1,626 1,627 1,953 389 213 178 362 725 834 Total EOCAC
Canada 1,501 1,410 1,341 6,629 7,156 7,199 123 121 120 5,251 5,866 5,978 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 18,584 19,345 19,723 13,713 14,088 14,366 5,066 5,459 5,561 195 201 204 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 20,085 20,756 21,064 20,342 21,243 21,565 5,188 5,580 5,681 5,446 6,068 6,183 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 6

TABLE 6
FIBREBOARD PANNEAUX DE FIBRES
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 436 454 467 576 650 652 339 361 373 479 557 558 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 107 119 125 7 9 10 101 110 117 0 0 2 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 15 16 16 0 0 0 15 16 16 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 290 194 202 44 45 46 493 406 415 247 256 259 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 56 57 57 65 65 65 69 75 75 78 83 83 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 164 150 150 49 49 49 156 148 148 42 47 47 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 624 794 995 912 1,061 1,161 1,013 1,055 1,058 1,301 1,322 1,224 France 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Germany 4,097 4,155 4,235 5,801 5,850 5,900 1,784 1,835 1,940 3,488 3,530 3,605 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 409 409 409 451 451 451 167 167 167 209 209 209 Hongrie 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Ireland 168 109 109 512 512 512 102 115 115 445 518 518 Irlande 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Italy 1,403 1,417 1,417 827 827 827 796 926 926 220 337 337 Italie 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Latvia 35 32 32 0 0 0 57 53 53 22 21 21 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 47 47 47 147 147 147 19 19 19 119 119 119 Luxembourg 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3
Malta 6 7 8 0 0 0 6 7 8 0 0 0 Malte 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
Montenegro 14 14 14 0 0 0 14 14 14 0 0 0 Monténégro 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Netherlands 463 469 469 29 29 29 541 585 585 107 145 145 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 53 53 53 0 0 0 53 53 53 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Poland 3,676 3,855 4,055 4,844 4,960 5,110 851 875 945 2,019 1,980 2,000 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 382 391 386 443 453 457 320 323 326 382 385 397 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 124 133 134 24 26 27 134 143 145 34 36 38 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 201 210 210 0 0 0 224 230 230 23 20 20 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 23 23 23 118 128 128 49 71 60 144 176 165 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 1,038 1,012 1,138 1,535 1,714 1,874 371 444 465 869 1,146 1,201 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 268 307 295 0 0 0 347 390 375 78 83 80 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 272 292 302 192 205 210 263 266 266 183 179 174 Suisse 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Turkey 4,623 4,623 4,623 4,835 4,835 4,835 74 74 74 286 286 286 Turquie 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3
United Kingdom 1,475 1,487 1,487 656 656 656 879 889 889 59 58 58 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 20,470 20,828 21,457 22,067 22,672 23,146 9,238 9,650 9,857 10,835 11,494 11,546 Total Europe
Armenia 63 63 63 0 0 0 63 63 63 0 0 0 Arménie 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3
Moldova 37 37 37 0 0 0 37 37 37 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Russia 2,802 3,415 3,674 3,581 4,301 4,635 459 591 637 1,238 1,476 1,597 Russie 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 3
Total EECCA 2,902 3,515 3,775 3,581 4,301 4,635 559 691 737 1,238 1,476 1,597 Total EOCAC
Canada 1,219 1,573 1,583 1,290 1,340 1,340 761 1,066 1,074 832 832 831 Canada 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
United States 8,244 8,244 8,244 6,058 6,058 6,058 2,876 2,876 2,876 690 690 690 Etats-Unis 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Total North America 9,463 9,818 9,827 7,348 7,398 7,398 3,638 3,942 3,951 1,523 1,522 1,521 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 6a

TABLE 6a
HARDBOARD PANNEAUX DURS
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 35 30 32 66 70 72 18 17 18 49 57 58 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 11 13 16 1 1 1 10 12 15 0 0 0 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 6 55 57 0 0 0 55 67 68 49 11 11 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 26 25 25 0 0 0 28 30 30 3 5 5 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 33 24 24 49 49 49 21 18 18 37 43 43 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France -135 -135 -135 87 87 87 225 225 225 447 447 447 France 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Germany 203 205 210 0 0 0 231 235 240 28 30 30 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 27 27 27 2 2 2 35 35 35 10 10 10 Hongrie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Ireland 22 20 20 0 0 0 22 20 20 0 0 0 Irlande 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 2 2 5 5 5 3
Italy 109 109 109 16 16 16 105 105 105 12 12 12 Italie 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Latvia 13 13 13 0 0 0 15 15 15 2 2 2 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 Luxembourg 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 2 5 5 3 5 5 3
Malta 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 Malte 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Montenegro 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 Monténégro 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Netherlands 43 45 45 0 0 0 64 65 65 21 20 20 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 10 10 10 0 0 0 10 10 10 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Poland -157 -80 -10 91 110 110 151 160 180 398 350 300 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 21 28 25 12 19 20 28 29 30 19 20 25 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 35 39 40 24 26 27 30 33 34 19 20 21 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 22 20 20 0 0 0 23 20 20 1 0 0 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 1 2 2 0 0 0 9 9 9 8 7 7 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain -4 13 12 32 40 41 34 50 48 70 77 77 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 71 70 69 0 0 0 81 82 80 10 12 11 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 13 13 13 0 0 0 21 21 21 8 8 8 Suisse 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Turkey 7 7 7 0 0 0 57 57 57 50 50 50 Turquie 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 5 3
United Kingdom 96 96 96 0 0 0 101 101 101 4 4 4 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 517 659 736 380 420 425 1,384 1,425 1,453 1,246 1,186 1,142 Total Europe
Armenia 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 0 0 0 Arménie 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 3 5 5 3
Moldova 16 16 16 0 0 0 16 16 16 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Russia 322 390 350 370 450 400 100 100 100 148 160 150 Russie 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 2 2 3
Total EECCA 341 409 369 370 450 400 119 119 119 148 160 150 Total EOCAC
Canada 63 81 75 90 90 90 65 93 93 92 102 108 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 211 211 211 212 212 212 238 238 238 239 239 239 Etats-Unis 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Total North America 274 292 286 302 302 302 303 331 331 331 341 347 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 6b

TABLE 6b
MDF/HDF
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 255 259 260 510 580 580 170 174 175 425 495 495 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 88 94 96 5 6 7 83 88 90 0 0 1 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 12 13 13 0 0 0 12 13 13 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 198 87 91 44 45 46 253 154 158 99 112 113 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 22 23 23 0 0 0 38 41 41 16 18 18 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 111 106 106 0 0 0 115 110 110 4 4 4 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 706 859 1,060 751 900 1,000 716 757 760 761 798 700 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 2,314 2,325 2,375 4,600 4,625 4,650 593 600 650 2,879 2,900 2,925 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 355 355 355 430 430 430 117 117 117 193 193 193 Hongrie 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Ireland 74 89 89 438 438 438 80 95 95 445 445 445 Irlande 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 2 2 5 5 5 3
Italy 1,229 1,243 1,243 809 809 809 627 757 757 207 323 323 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 3
Latvia 21 18 18 0 0 0 23 20 20 2 2 2 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 37 37 37 147 147 147 9 9 9 119 119 119 Luxembourg 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 2 5 5 3 5 5 3
Malta 5 5 6 0 0 0 5 5 6 0 0 0 Malte 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Montenegro 6 6 6 0 0 0 6 6 6 0 0 0 Monténégro 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Netherlands 318 315 315 0 0 0 399 435 435 81 120 120 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 12 12 12 0 0 0 12 12 12 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 3 5 5 2 5 5 3
Poland 3,209 3,300 3,400 3,178 3,250 3,350 684 700 750 653 650 700 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 360 362 362 423 425 428 280 282 284 343 345 350 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 85 89 89 0 0 0 100 105 106 15 16 17 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 119 120 120 0 0 0 140 140 140 21 20 20 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 17 16 16 118 128 128 32 54 43 132 166 155 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 994 950 1,077 1,448 1,617 1,775 326 379 402 780 1,047 1,100 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 181 220 211 0 0 0 238 280 270 57 60 59 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 90 105 110 192 205 210 73 70 65 175 170 165 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 4,669 4,669 4,669 4,775 4,775 4,775 17 17 17 123 123 123 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 1,315 1,327 1,327 656 656 656 710 720 720 51 49 49 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 16,801 17,002 17,485 18,524 19,037 19,430 5,859 6,141 6,251 7,582 8,175 8,197 Total Europe
Armenia 57 57 57 0 0 0 57 57 57 0 0 0 Arménie 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Moldova 21 21 21 0 0 0 21 21 21 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Russia 2,448 2,993 3,292 3,199 3,839 4,223 329 461 507 1,080 1,307 1,437 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
Total EECCA 2,527 3,071 3,371 3,199 3,839 4,223 408 539 585 1,080 1,307 1,438 Total EOCAC
Canada 1,041 1,327 1,343 1,100 1,150 1,150 569 793 797 628 615 604 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 4,836 4,836 4,836 2,667 2,667 2,667 2,453 2,453 2,453 284 284 284 Etats-Unis 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Total North America 5,877 6,163 6,179 3,767 3,817 3,817 3,022 3,246 3,251 912 899 889 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 6c

TABLE 6c
OTHER FIBREBOARD AUTRES PANNEAUX DE FIBRES
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 146 165 175 0 0 0 151 170 180 5 5 5 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 8 12 13 1 2 2 8 10 12 0 0 1 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 86 52 54 0 0 0 185 185 189 99 133 135 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 9 9 9 65 65 65 3 4 4 59 60 60 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 20 20 20 0 0 0 20 20 20 0 0 0 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 53 70 70 74 74 74 72 73 73 93 77 77 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 1,580 1,625 1,650 1,201 1,225 1,250 961 1,000 1,050 581 600 650 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 28 28 28 19 19 19 15 15 15 6 6 6 Hongrie 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Ireland 73 0 0 73 73 73 0 0 0 0 73 73 Irlande 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Italy 65 65 65 3 3 3 65 65 65 2 2 2 Italie 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Latvia 1 1 1 0 0 0 19 18 18 18 17 17 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 5 5 5 0 0 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 Luxembourg 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Malta 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Malte 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Montenegro 6 6 6 0 0 0 6 6 6 0 0 0 Monténégro 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Netherlands 102 109 109 29 29 29 78 85 85 5 5 5 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 32 32 32 0 0 0 32 32 32 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 3 5 5 3 5 5 3
Poland 624 635 665 1,575 1,600 1,650 17 15 15 968 980 1,000 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 0 1 -1 8 9 9 12 12 12 19 20 22 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 4 5 5 0 0 0 4 5 5 0 0 0 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 60 70 70 0 0 0 60 70 70 0 0 0 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 5 5 5 0 0 0 8 8 8 3 3 3 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 48 49 49 55 57 58 11 15 15 18 23 24 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 16 17 15 0 0 0 28 28 25 12 11 10 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 169 174 179 0 0 0 169 175 180 1 1 1 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey -53 -53 -53 60 60 60 0 0 0 113 113 113 Turquie 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 5 5 3
United Kingdom 64 64 64 0 0 0 68 68 68 4 4 4 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 3,152 3,167 3,236 3,163 3,215 3,291 1,996 2,085 2,153 2,007 2,133 2,208 Total Europe
Armenia 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 Arménie 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Moldova 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Russia 32 32 32 12 12 12 30 30 30 10 10 10 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
Total EECCA 35 35 35 12 12 12 32 32 32 10 10 10 Total EOCAC
Canada 115 165 166 100 100 100 127 180 184 112 115 118 Canada 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
United States 3,197 3,197 3,197 3,179 3,179 3,179 185 185 185 167 167 167 Etats-Unis 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Total North America 3,312 3,362 3,363 3,279 3,279 3,279 312 365 369 279 282 285 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 7

TABLE 7
WOOD PULP PATE DE BOIS
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 mt
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 2,158 2,300 2,330 2,022 2,020 2,100 578 680 680 442 400 450 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 111 118 118 70 75 76 41 43 42 0 0 0 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 805 831 772 594 591 611 253 240 250 42 0 89 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ... 2 2
Estonia 81 70 70 231 250 250 47 50 50 198 230 230 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland a 6,411 6,802 6,616 10,520 11,318 11,331 224 220 220 4,333 4,736 4,935 Finlande a 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 2,918 2,927 2,800 1,620 1,650 1,600 1,745 1,726 1,700 447 449 500 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 5,015 5,167 5,178 2,255 2,267 2,278 3,952 4,000 4,000 1,192 1,100 1,100 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 195 177 177 51 33 33 147 145 145 4 2 2 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 41 45 45 0 0 0 41 45 45 0 0 0 Irlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Italy 3,416 3,416 3,416 223 223 223 3,271 3,271 3,271 77 77 77 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Latvia 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Luxembourg 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Netherlands 1,137 1,057 737 37 37 37 1,782 1,900 1,500 682 880 800 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Poland 2,709 2,750 2,810 1,717 1,730 1,750 1,152 1,180 1,230 159 160 170 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 1,506 1,615 1,650 2,683 2,700 2,750 143 145 150 1,320 1,230 1,250 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 86 88 90 0 0 0 86 88 90 0 0 0 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 537 550 550 687 675 675 162 175 175 312 300 300 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 367 353 347 91 83 85 289 275 270 13 5 8 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 1,847 1,837 1,933 1,730 1,798 1,923 1,047 1,088 1,209 929 1,049 1,199 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 8,437 8,460 8,260 12,034 12,100 11,850 653 610 610 4,250 4,250 4,200 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 171 160 160 72 70 70 99 90 90 0 0 0 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 1,381 989 1,138 70 70 70 1,442 1,050 1,200 131 131 132 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 971 924 924 220 220 220 768 721 721 17 17 17 Royaume-Uni 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total Europe 40,301 40,637 40,122 36,927 37,909 37,932 17,924 17,744 17,650 14,549 15,016 15,459 Total Europe
Russia 6,532 6,548 6,677 8,765 8,853 9,030 211 213 215 2,444 2,517 2,568 Russie 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total EECCA 6,532 6,548 6,677 8,765 8,853 9,030 211 213 215 2,444 2,517 2,568 Total EOCAC
Canada 5,731 6,411 6,547 14,109 14,198 13,702 640 1,109 1,555 9,018 8,896 8,710 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 48,726 48,750 48,763 50,871 50,895 50,907 5,661 5,664 5,665 7,806 7,809 7,809 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 54,457 55,161 55,310 64,980 65,093 64,609 6,301 6,773 7,220 16,825 16,705 16,519 Total Amérique du Nord
a imports exclude dissolving pulp a les importations excluent pâte à dissoudre
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 8

TABLE 8
PAPER AND PAPERBOARD PAPIERS ET CARTONS
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 mt
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 2,111 2,170 2,200 4,719 5,050 5,100 1,275 1,300 1,350 3,882 4,180 4,250 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 154 160 166 167 180 182 99 100 106 113 120 122 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 46 48 48 0 0 0 46 48 48 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 1,451 1,460 1,474 893 904 924 1,436 1,447 1,480 878 891 930 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 134 140 140 72 75 75 133 140 140 71 75 75 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 702 740 720 8,210 8,750 8,540 319 320 320 7,827 8,330 8,140 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 7,904 8,069 8,300 6,873 7,000 7,300 4,487 4,661 4,500 3,456 3,592 3,500 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 18,251 18,660 18,983 21,348 23,060 23,383 9,999 10,000 10,000 13,096 14,400 14,400 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 928 944 944 864 861 861 841 852 852 777 769 769 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 422 410 415 60 65 70 388 370 375 26 25 30 Irlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Italy 10,204 10,204 10,204 8,514 8,514 8,514 4,773 4,773 4,773 3,083 3,083 3,083 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Latvia 163 160 160 25 30 30 170 170 170 32 40 40 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 25 25 25 0 0 0 31 31 31 6 6 6 Luxembourg 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Malta 26 23 24 0 0 0 26 23 24 0 0 0 Malte 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Montenegro 10 10 10 0 0 0 10 10 10 0 0 0 Monténégro 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Netherlands 2,608 2,670 2,670 2,869 2,870 2,870 2,278 2,300 2,300 2,539 2,500 2,500 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 79 79 79 28 28 28 68 68 68 16 16 16 Macédoine du Nord 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Poland 7,332 7,400 7,500 5,129 5,250 5,350 4,677 4,700 4,750 2,474 2,550 2,600 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 1,007 1,050 990 1,900 2,000 2,030 858 850 860 1,751 1,800 1,900 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 727 733 737 577 580 583 452 456 459 302 303 305 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 476 600 600 758 900 950 427 400 400 709 700 750 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 833 730 680 706 650 600 757 710 710 630 630 630 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 6,483 6,541 6,390 6,269 6,473 6,477 2,734 2,823 2,917 2,520 2,756 3,004 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 1,428 1,195 1,090 9,333 9,130 8,800 656 665 650 8,561 8,600 8,360 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 1,050 1,050 1,055 1,168 1,170 1,175 621 610 600 739 730 720 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 4,489 4,489 4,489 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,505 2,505 2,505 816 816 816 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 7,321 7,207 7,225 3,631 3,600 3,550 4,439 4,325 4,375 749 718 700 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 76,362 76,966 77,318 86,911 89,940 90,192 44,504 44,656 44,772 55,053 57,630 57,646 Total Europe
Armenia 61 61 61 21 21 21 41 41 41 0 0 0 Arménie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Moldova 44 44 44 8 8 8 39 39 39 2 2 2 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Russia 7,116 7,615 7,952 9,527 10,194 10,704 1,191 1,167 1,143 3,601 3,745 3,895 Russie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total EECCA 7,222 7,721 8,057 9,556 10,223 10,733 1,270 1,246 1,223 3,604 3,748 3,898 Total EOCAC
Canada 4,720 4,715 4,572 8,352 8,604 8,379 2,362 2,474 2,406 5,994 6,363 6,213 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 63,567 66,128 67,399 66,239 68,536 70,152 7,642 7,832 7,870 10,314 10,240 10,623 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 68,287 70,843 71,971 74,591 77,140 78,532 10,003 10,306 10,276 16,308 16,603 16,836 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 9

TABLE 9
REMOVALS OF WOOD IN THE ROUGH QUANTITES ENLEVEES DE BOIS BRUT
TOTAL TOTAL
1000 m3 - Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
Country Industrial wood - Bois industriels Wood fuel c Bois de chauffage c Pays
Total Logs Pulpwood a Other b Total
Grumes Bois de trituration a Autre b
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Total Ind. RW Logs Pulpwood Other Wood fuel Total RW Country
Austria 11,462 12,924 13,110 8,504 9,732 9,830 2,958 3,192 3,280 0 0 0 5,327 5,111 5,200 16,790 18,035 18,310 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 2,819 2,806 2,848 2,031 2,016 2,050 614 624 626 174 166 172 1,484 1,502 1,496 4,303 4,308 4,344 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 7 9 9 9 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 29,152 21,353 18,590 20,678 13,107 10,325 8,359 8,133 8,150 115 113 115 6,717 7,160 7,210 35,869 28,513 25,800 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 6,502 6,100 6,100 4,134 3,900 3,900 2,316 2,150 2,150 52 50 50 4,136 3,830 3,830 10,637 9,930 9,930 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 51,530 56,946 57,515 22,479 25,857 25,679 29,051 31,089 31,836 0 0 0 8,893 8,893 8,893 60,423 65,839 66,407 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 24,259 25,840 25,080 15,965 17,400 16,700 7,793 7,900 7,800 501 540 580 23,444 24,500 25,700 47,703 50,340 50,780 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 61,790 62,377 61,177 48,213 48,900 47,300 13,503 13,400 13,800 74 77 77 22,261 21,300 21,300 84,051 83,677 82,477 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 2,457 2,796 2,796 1,155 1,257 1,257 902 919 919 400 619 619 2,516 2,672 2,672 4,972 5,468 5,468 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 3,695 3,542 3,772 2,350 2,485 2,647 1,197 877 934 148 180 192 286 232 247 3,981 3,774 4,019 Irlande 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
Italy 5,002 5,002 5,002 3,352 3,352 3,352 1,018 1,018 1,018 632 632 632 10,839 10,839 10,839 15,841 15,841 15,841 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Latvia 12,727 12,350 12,350 7,379 7,400 7,400 4,123 3,850 3,850 1,225 1,100 1,100 2,620 2,580 2,580 15,347 14,930 14,930 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 291 340 332 81 88 86 104 166 160 106 86 86 59 77 73 350 416 405 Luxembourg 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Montenegro 299 150 234 249 124 187 43 22 42 7 4 5 49 25 37 348 174 271 Monténégro 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Netherlands 662 725 725 214 260 260 402 420 420 46 45 45 2,323 2,325 2,325 2,985 3,050 3,050 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 125 125 125 114 114 114 0 0 0 11 11 11 610 610 610 735 735 735 Macédoine du Nord 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Poland 35,879 37,290 38,050 16,913 17,200 17,400 18,355 19,400 19,900 612 690 750 4,713 4,800 4,900 40,593 42,090 42,950 Pologne 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3
Portugal 11,803 12,316 12,190 1,916 2,066 1,980 9,540 9,900 9,850 347 350 360 1,618 1,500 1,560 13,422 13,816 13,750 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 1,782 1,806 1,830 1,217 1,230 1,238 388 396 408 177 180 184 6,454 6,550 6,705 8,236 8,356 8,535 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 6,924 7,185 7,435 3,913 4,100 4,250 2,984 3,050 3,150 26 35 35 524 525 575 7,448 7,710 8,010 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 2,818 2,383 2,476 1,971 1,600 1,700 797 720 720 50 63 56 1,074 1,070 1,070 3,891 3,453 3,546 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 13,881 14,462 14,848 4,114 4,241 4,438 9,431 9,740 9,901 336 481 509 1,615 1,648 1,758 15,496 16,110 16,606 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 69,000 71,000 70,400 37,200 38,400 37,600 31,500 32,300 32,500 300 300 300 5,400 5,600 5,600 74,400 76,600 76,000 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 2,807 2,933 3,003 2,322 2,440 2,500 482 490 500 3 3 3 1,845 1,890 1,960 4,652 4,823 4,963 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 24,474 24,790 24,790 10,889 11,000 11,000 12,447 12,650 12,650 1,138 1,140 1,140 5,396 5,856 5,856 29,870 30,646 30,646 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 8,009 8,636 8,636 5,892 6,475 6,475 1,632 1,632 1,632 485 528 528 2,429 2,429 2,429 10,438 11,065 11,065 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 390,151 396,178 393,415 223,248 224,746 219,670 159,938 164,038 166,197 6,965 7,393 7,549 122,638 123,531 125,432 512,789 519,708 518,848 Total Europe
Armenia 4 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 4 1,546 1,546 1,546 1,550 1,550 1,550 Arménie 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Moldova 45 45 45 31 31 31 0 0 0 14 14 14 1,219 1,219 1,219 1,264 1,264 1,264 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Russia 201,891 205,132 198,720 135,325 137,274 132,286 48,954 50,070 49,541 17,612 17,788 16,894 15,109 15,260 14,805 217,000 220,392 213,525 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
Total EECCA 201,941 205,182 198,769 135,356 137,305 132,317 48,954 50,070 49,541 17,630 17,806 16,912 17,873 18,024 17,569 219,814 223,206 216,338 Total EOCAC
Canada 130,430 125,381 125,381 116,298 111,984 111,984 12,278 11,544 11,544 1,853 1,853 1,853 1,750 1,750 1,750 132,180 127,132 127,132 Canada 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3
United States 369,175 380,381 383,613 180,237 191,345 194,529 175,722 175,805 175,846 13,215 13,230 13,238 60,525 60,588 60,622 429,700 440,969 444,235 Etats-Unis 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3
Total North America 499,604 505,762 508,995 296,536 303,330 306,513 188,000 187,349 187,390 15,069 15,083 15,091 62,276 62,338 62,372 561,880 568,101 571,367 Total Amérique du Nord
a Pulpwood, round and split, as well as chips and particles produced directly a Bois de trituration, rondins et quartiers, ainse que plaquettes et particules fabriquées
therefrom and used as pulpwood directement à partir des rondins et quartiers et utilisées comme bois de trituration
b Pitprops, poles, piling, posts etc. b Bois de mine, poteaux, pilotis, piquets etc.
c Including chips and particles produced from wood in the rough and c Y compris plaquettes et particules fabriquées à partir du bois brut et utilisées
used for energy purposes à des fins energétiques
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 9a

TABLE 9a
REMOVALS OF WOOD IN THE ROUGH QUANTITES ENLEVEES DE BOIS BRUT
SOFTWOOD CONIFERES
1000 m3 - Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
Country Industrial wood - Bois industriels Wood fuel c Bois de chauffage c Pays
Total Logs Pulpwood a Other b Total
Grumes Bois de trituration a Autre b
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Total Ind. RW Logs Pulpwood Other Wood fuel Total RW Country
Austria 10,587 11,920 12,100 8,229 9,410 9,500 2,358 2,510 2,600 0 0 0 3,359 3,067 3,200 13,946 14,987 15,300 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 2,120 2,097 2,133 1,417 1,390 1,420 559 567 570 144 140 143 5 7 6 2,125 2,104 2,139 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 6 6 7 8 8 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 28,432 20,624 17,850 20,286 12,716 9,942 8,036 7,799 7,798 110 109 110 6,165 6,615 6,675 34,597 27,239 24,525 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 4,434 4,200 4,200 3,259 3,100 3,100 1,148 1,075 1,075 27 25 25 1,426 1,330 1,330 5,861 5,530 5,530 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 43,228 48,622 48,806 21,593 24,690 24,512 21,635 23,931 24,294 0 0 0 4,304 4,304 4,304 47,532 52,926 53,110 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 16,361 17,840 16,860 11,669 13,000 12,000 4,479 4,600 4,600 213 240 260 2,344 2,500 2,700 18,705 20,340 19,560 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 56,362 57,175 56,075 45,700 46,500 45,000 10,590 10,600 11,000 72 75 75 9,005 8,500 8,500 65,366 65,675 64,575 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 858 832 832 169 159 159 596 542 542 94 130 130 142 116 116 1,000 948 948 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 3,692 3,532 3,762 2,347 2,475 2,636 1,197 877 934 148 180 192 276 120 128 3,968 3,652 3,889 Irlande 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3 2 2 3
Italy 4,125 4,125 4,125 2,792 2,792 2,792 853 853 853 480 480 480 1,180 1,180 1,180 5,305 5,305 5,305 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 3
Latvia 8,407 8,100 8,100 5,476 5,400 5,400 2,241 2,100 2,100 690 600 600 285 280 280 8,692 8,380 8,380 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 209 169 169 63 51 51 40 32 32 106 86 86 37 30 30 246 198 199 Luxembourg 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Montenegro 167 84 136 148 74 111 17 9 23 2 1 2 5 3 4 172 87 139 Monténégro 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Netherlands 446 475 475 154 180 180 255 260 260 37 35 35 423 425 425 869 900 900 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 51 51 51 41 41 41 0 0 0 10 10 10 26 26 26 77 77 77 Macédoine du Nord 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 3 3 3
Poland 28,625 29,550 29,800 14,167 14,400 14,500 13,886 14,500 14,600 572 650 700 2,297 2,350 2,400 30,922 31,900 32,200 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 3,974 4,316 4,190 1,696 1,866 1,800 2,130 2,300 2,230 147 150 160 422 400 410 4,396 4,716 4,600 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 372 381 390 229 235 240 94 96 98 49 50 52 142 150 155 514 531 545 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 3,776 3,925 4,025 2,598 2,700 2,750 1,157 1,200 1,250 21 25 25 259 250 300 4,035 4,175 4,325 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 1,985 1,445 1,595 1,624 1,200 1,300 346 230 280 15 15 15 121 120 120 2,106 1,565 1,715 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 6,836 7,224 7,522 3,150 3,276 3,473 3,489 3,665 3,751 197 282 298 483 516 626 7,319 7,740 8,148 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 62,550 64,450 63,750 37,000 38,200 37,400 25,400 26,100 26,200 150 150 150 2,700 2,800 2,800 65,250 67,250 66,550 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 2,403 2,512 2,567 2,093 2,200 2,250 308 310 315 2 2 2 786 790 810 3,189 3,302 3,377 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 15,721 15,925 15,925 7,429 7,500 7,500 7,222 7,350 7,350 1,070 1,075 1,075 2,756 2,756 2,756 18,477 18,681 18,681 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 7,896 8,523 8,523 5,829 6,412 6,412 1,630 1,630 1,630 436 480 480 1,817 1,817 1,817 9,713 10,339 10,339 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 313,618 318,097 313,962 199,160 199,969 194,471 109,665 113,137 114,386 4,793 4,990 5,105 40,770 40,456 41,103 354,388 358,553 355,065 Total Europe
Armenia 4 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 Arménie 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 3
Moldova 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 3 3 3 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 3 3 3
Russia 161,011 162,621 153,754 120,439 121,644 115,562 33,289 33,622 31,941 7,283 7,356 6,252 10,752 10,859 10,316 171,763 173,480 164,071 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
Total EECCA 161,016 162,626 153,759 120,440 121,645 115,563 33,289 33,622 31,941 7,287 7,360 6,256 10,754 10,861 10,318 171,770 173,487 164,078 Total EOCAC
Canada 107,661 103,728 103,728 103,717 100,117 100,117 3,804 3,470 3,470 140 140 140 805 805 805 108,466 104,533 104,533 Canada 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3
United States 293,023 296,554 299,112 147,988 151,442 153,962 133,458 133,521 133,552 11,578 11,591 11,598 26,345 26,374 26,390 319,368 322,928 325,502 Etats-Unis 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3
Total North America 400,685 400,282 402,839 251,705 251,559 254,079 137,262 136,992 137,023 11,718 11,731 11,738 27,150 27,179 27,195 427,834 427,461 430,034 Total Amérique du Nord
a Pulpwood, round and split, as well as chips and particles produced directly a Bois de trituration, rondins et quartiers, ainse que plaquettes et particules fabriquées
therefrom and used as pulpwood directement à partir des rondins et quartiers et utilisées comme bois de trituration
b Pitprops, poles, piling, posts etc. b Bois de mine, poteaux, pilotis, piquets etc.
c Including chips and particles produced from wood in the rough and c Y compris plaquettes et particules fabriquées à partir du bois brut et utilisées
used for energy purposes à des fins energétiques
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 9b

TABLE 9b
REMOVALS OF WOOD IN THE ROUGH QUANTITES ENLEVEES DE BOIS BRUT
HARDWOOD NON-CONIFERES
1000 m3 - Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
Country Industrial wood - Bois industriels Wood fuel c Bois de chauffage c Pays
Total Logs Pulpwood a Other b Total
Grumes Bois de trituration a Autre b
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Total Ind. RW Logs Pulpwood Other Wood fuel Total RW Country
Austria 876 1,004 1,010 275 322 330 600 682 680 0 0 0 1,968 2,044 2,000 2,843 3,048 3,010 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 699 709 715 614 626 630 55 57 56 30 26 29 1,479 1,495 1,490 2,178 2,204 2,205 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 720 729 740 392 391 383 323 334 352 5 4 5 552 545 535 1,272 1,274 1,275 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 2,068 1,900 1,900 875 800 800 1,168 1,075 1,075 25 25 25 2,709 2,500 2,500 4,777 4,400 4,400 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 8,302 8,324 8,708 886 1,167 1,167 7,416 7,158 7,542 0 0 0 4,589 4,589 4,589 12,891 12,913 13,297 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 7,898 8,000 8,220 4,296 4,400 4,700 3,314 3,300 3,200 288 300 320 21,100 22,000 23,000 28,998 30,000 31,220 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 5,428 5,202 5,102 2,513 2,400 2,300 2,913 2,800 2,800 2 2 2 13,257 12,800 12,800 18,685 18,002 17,902 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 1,598 1,964 1,964 986 1,098 1,098 306 377 377 306 489 489 2,374 2,557 2,557 3,972 4,520 4,520 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 3 10 11 3 10 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 112 119 13 122 130 Irlande 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3 2 2 3
Italy 877 877 877 560 560 560 166 166 166 152 152 152 9,659 9,659 9,659 10,536 10,536 10,536 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 3
Latvia 4,320 4,250 4,250 1,903 2,000 2,000 1,882 1,750 1,750 535 500 500 2,335 2,300 2,300 6,655 6,550 6,550 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 82 171 163 18 37 35 64 134 128 0 0 0 22 47 43 104 218 206 Luxembourg 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Montenegro 132 66 99 101 50 76 26 13 19 5 3 4 44 22 33 176 88 132 Monténégro 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Netherlands 216 250 250 60 80 80 147 160 160 9 10 10 1,900 1,900 1,900 2,116 2,150 2,150 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 74 74 74 73 73 73 0 0 0 1 1 1 584 584 584 658 658 658 Macédoine du Nord 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 3 3 3
Poland 7,254 7,740 8,250 2,747 2,800 2,900 4,468 4,900 5,300 40 40 50 2,416 2,450 2,500 9,670 10,190 10,750 Pologne 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3
Portugal 7,830 8,000 8,000 220 200 180 7,410 7,600 7,620 200 200 200 1,196 1,100 1,150 9,026 9,100 9,150 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 1,410 1,425 1,440 988 995 998 294 300 310 128 130 132 6,312 6,400 6,550 7,722 7,825 7,990 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 3,148 3,260 3,410 1,316 1,400 1,500 1,828 1,850 1,900 5 10 10 265 275 275 3,413 3,535 3,685 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 833 938 881 348 400 400 450 490 440 35 48 41 952 950 950 1,785 1,888 1,831 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 7,045 7,239 7,326 964 965 965 5,942 6,074 6,150 139 199 211 1,132 1,132 1,132 8,177 8,371 8,458 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 6,450 6,550 6,650 200 200 200 6,100 6,200 6,300 150 150 150 2,700 2,800 2,800 9,150 9,350 9,450 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 404 421 436 229 240 250 174 180 185 1 1 1 1,059 1,100 1,150 1,463 1,521 1,586 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 8,753 8,865 8,865 3,460 3,500 3,500 5,225 5,300 5,300 68 65 65 2,640 3,100 3,100 11,393 11,965 11,965 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 113 113 113 63 63 63 2 2 2 48 48 48 613 613 613 726 726 726 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 76,532 78,080 79,454 24,088 24,777 25,199 50,273 50,901 51,811 2,171 2,402 2,444 81,868 83,074 84,330 158,401 161,155 163,783 Total Europe
Armenia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,546 1,546 1,546 1,546 1,546 1,546 Arménie 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 3
Moldova 44 44 44 30 30 30 0 0 0 14 14 14 1,217 1,217 1,217 1,261 1,261 1,261 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 3
Russia 40,880 42,511 44,965 14,886 15,630 16,724 15,665 16,449 17,600 10,329 10,433 10,641 4,357 4,401 4,489 45,237 46,912 49,454 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
Total EECCA 40,925 42,556 45,010 14,916 15,660 16,754 15,665 16,449 17,600 10,343 10,447 10,655 7,120 7,163 7,251 48,044 49,719 52,261 Total EOCAC
Canada 22,768 21,654 21,654 12,581 11,867 11,867 8,474 8,073 8,073 1,713 1,713 1,713 946 946 946 23,714 22,599 22,599 Canada 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3
United States 76,151 83,827 84,502 32,250 39,903 40,567 42,264 42,284 42,294 1,638 1,639 1,640 34,180 34,214 34,232 110,332 118,041 118,734 Etats-Unis 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3
Total North America 98,920 105,481 106,155 44,831 51,771 52,435 50,738 50,358 50,368 3,351 3,352 3,353 35,126 35,160 35,178 134,046 140,640 141,333 Total Amérique du Nord
a Pulpwood, round and split, as well as chips and particles produced directly a Bois de trituration, rondins et quartiers, ainse que plaquettes et particules fabriquées
therefrom and used as pulpwood directement à partir des rondins et quartiers et utilisées comme bois de trituration
b Pitprops, poles, piling, posts etc. b Bois de mine, poteaux, pilotis, piquets etc.
c Including chips and particles produced from wood in the rough and c Y compris plaquettes et particules fabriquées à partir du bois brut et utilisées
used for energy purposes à des fins energétiques
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 10

TABLE 10
SOFTWOOD SAWLOGS GRUMES DE SCIAGES DES CONIFERES
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption a
Country Consommation Apparente a Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 16,525 17,280 17,550 8,229 9,410 9,500 8,705 8,320 8,500 409 450 450 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 1,459 1,433 1,469 1,417 1,390 1,420 57 60 65 15 17 16 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 9,100 8,655 8,790 20,286 12,716 9,942 555 545 560 11,741 4,606 1,712 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 3,436 3,470 3,470 3,259 3,100 3,100 259 450 450 82 80 80 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 21,577 24,602 24,339 21,593 24,690 24,512 322 203 118 338 291 291 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 11,019 12,370 11,400 11,669 13,000 12,000 184 232 300 834 862 900 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 43,600 42,000 43,000 45,700 46,500 45,000 3,900 3,500 4,000 6,000 8,000 6,000 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 169 159 159 169 159 159 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Ireland 2,397 2,525 2,686 2,347 2,475 2,636 300 320 320 250 270 270 Irlande 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Italy 2,792 2,792 2,792 2,792 2,792 2,792 0 0 0 0 0 0 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 ... ... ... ... ... ... 3
Latvia 6,183 6,030 6,030 5,476 5,400 5,400 897 850 850 190 220 220 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 336 324 324 63 51 51 524 524 524 251 251 251 Luxembourg 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Montenegro 148 74 111 148 74 111 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monténégro 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Netherlands 134 188 188 154 180 180 65 83 83 85 75 75 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 41 41 41 41 41 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 ... ... ... ... ... ... 3
Poland 13,685 14,000 14,200 14,167 14,400 14,500 1,227 1,250 1,300 1,709 1,650 1,600 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 2,099 1,986 1,915 1,696 1,866 1,800 428 150 140 25 30 25 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 246 254 261 229 235 240 20 22 24 3 3 3 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 2,727 3,200 3,250 2,598 2,700 2,750 898 900 900 769 400 400 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 1,467 1,260 1,300 1,624 1,200 1,300 367 350 320 523 290 320 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 3,245 3,342 3,634 3,150 3,276 3,473 215 226 381 121 160 220 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 37,054 38,279 37,479 37,000 38,200 37,400 718 743 743 664 664 664 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 1,808 1,930 1,995 2,093 2,200 2,250 55 50 55 340 320 310 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 7,424 7,490 7,490 7,429 7,500 7,500 15 10 10 20 20 20 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 6,051 6,634 6,634 5,829 6,412 6,412 330 330 330 108 108 108 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 194,723 200,321 200,509 199,160 199,969 194,471 20,042 19,119 19,973 24,478 18,767 13,935 Total Europe
Moldova 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 ... ... ... ... ... ... 3
Russia 108,143 109,224 108,110 120,439 121,644 115,562 0 0 0 12,297 12,420 7,452 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total EECCA 108,144 109,225 108,111 120,440 121,645 115,563 0 0 0 12,297 12,420 7,452 Total EOCAC
Canada 99,569 94,455 93,946 103,717 100,117 100,117 2,682 2,525 2,612 6,830 8,187 8,783 Canada 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
United States 139,741 144,640 143,529 147,988 151,442 153,962 285 302 320 8,531 7,104 10,752 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 239,311 239,094 237,475 251,705 251,559 254,079 2,967 2,826 2,931 15,361 15,291 19,535 Total Amérique du Nord
a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 11

TABLE 11
HARDWOOD SAWLOGS (total) GRUMES DE SCIAGES DES NON-CONIFERES
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption a
Country Consommation Apparente a Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 395 452 460 275 322 330 160 180 180 40 50 50 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 614 630 630 614 626 630 9 12 10 9 8 10 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 332 320 323 392 391 383 120 120 122 180 191 182 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 893 840 840 875 800 800 42 65 65 25 25 25 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 988 1,306 1,167 886 1,167 1,167 103 139 1 0 0 0 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 3,384 3,499 3,830 4,296 4,400 4,700 110 119 130 1,022 1,020 1,000 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 1,863 1,850 1,790 2,513 2,400 2,300 150 150 140 800 700 650 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 986 1,098 1,098 986 1,098 1,098 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Ireland 2 8 9 3 10 11 0 0 0 1 2 2 Irlande 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Italy 560 560 560 560 560 560 0 0 0 0 0 0 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 ... ... ... ... ... ... 3
Latvia 1,674 1,725 1,725 1,903 2,000 2,000 35 25 25 265 300 300 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 174 193 191 18 37 35 171 171 171 15 15 15 Luxembourg 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Montenegro 101 50 76 101 50 76 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monténégro 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Netherlands 87 115 115 60 80 80 82 90 90 55 55 55 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 73 73 73 73 73 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 ... ... ... ... ... ... 3
Poland 2,677 2,730 2,830 2,747 2,800 2,900 80 80 80 150 150 150 Pologne 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Portugal 885 320 290 220 200 180 696 150 140 30 30 30 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 973 977 972 988 995 998 25 27 29 40 45 55 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 1,387 1,500 1,600 1,316 1,400 1,500 381 400 400 310 300 300 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 235 263 243 348 400 400 32 43 43 145 180 200 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 1,001 1,023 1,303 964 965 965 96 102 382 59 44 44 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 216 223 223 200 200 200 23 23 23 7 0 0 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 114 125 135 229 240 250 50 45 40 165 160 155 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 3,486 3,515 3,515 3,460 3,500 3,500 45 30 30 19 15 15 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 120 120 120 63 63 63 66 66 66 9 9 9 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 23,219 23,516 24,118 24,088 24,777 25,199 2,476 2,038 2,167 3,345 3,299 3,247 Total Europe
Moldova 30 30 30 30 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 ... ... ... ... ... ... 3
Russia 12,486 13,182 14,227 14,886 15,630 16,724 0 0 0 2,400 2,448 2,497 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total EECCA 12,516 13,212 14,257 14,916 15,660 16,754 0 0 0 2,400 2,448 2,497 Total EOCAC
Canada 13,545 12,981 12,948 12,581 11,867 11,867 1,018 1,190 1,154 54 76 73 Canada 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
United States 30,257 37,792 38,330 32,250 39,903 40,567 154 159 165 2,147 2,271 2,402 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 43,802 50,773 51,278 44,831 51,771 52,435 1,172 1,349 1,318 2,201 2,347 2,475 Total Amérique du Nord
a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 11a

TABLE 11a
HARDWOOD LOGS (temperate) GRUMES DE NON-CONIFERES (zone tempérée)
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption a
Country Consommation Apparente a Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 395 452 460 275 322 330 160 180 180 40 50 50 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 614 630 630 614 626 630 9 12 10 9 8 10 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 332 320 323 392 391 383 120 120 122 180 191 182 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 893 840 840 875 800 800 42 65 65 25 25 25 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 988 1,306 1,167 886 1,167 1,167 103 139 1 0 0 0 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 3,351 3,461 3,793 4,296 4,400 4,700 74 78 90 1,019 1,017 997 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 1,857 1,846 1,784 2,513 2,400 2,300 142 141 130 798 695 646 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 986 1,098 1,098 986 1,098 1,098 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 2 8 9 3 10 11 0 0 0 1 2 2 Irlande 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Italy 560 560 560 560 560 560 0 0 0 0 0 0 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Latvia 1,674 1,725 1,725 1,903 2,000 2,000 35 25 25 265 300 300 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 159 178 176 18 37 35 156 156 156 15 15 15 Luxembourg 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Montenegro 101 50 76 101 50 76 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monténégro 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Netherlands 83 102 102 60 80 80 68 70 70 45 48 48 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 73 73 73 73 73 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Poland 2,675 2,728 2,828 2,747 2,800 2,900 78 78 78 150 150 150 Pologne 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Portugal 698 246 221 220 200 180 504 70 65 25 24 24 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 972 976 971 988 995 998 24 26 28 40 45 55 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 1,387 1,500 1,600 1,316 1,400 1,500 381 400 400 310 300 300 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 235 262 242 348 400 400 32 42 42 145 180 200 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 994 1,017 1,296 964 965 965 89 95 374 59 43 43 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 216 223 223 200 200 200 23 23 23 7 0 0 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 114 125 135 229 240 250 50 45 40 165 160 155 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 3,486 3,515 3,515 3,460 3,500 3,500 45 30 30 19 15 15 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 96 96 96 63 63 63 42 42 42 9 9 9 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 22,940 23,338 23,943 24,088 24,777 25,199 2,176 1,837 1,971 3,324 3,276 3,226 Total Europe
Moldova 30 30 30 30 30 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Russia 12,486 13,182 14,227 14,886 15,630 16,724 0 0 0 2,400 2,448 2,497 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total EECCA 12,516 13,212 14,257 14,916 15,660 16,754 0 0 0 2,400 2,448 2,497 Total EOCAC
Canada 13,546 12,984 12,948 12,581 11,867 11,867 1,018 1,190 1,154 53 73 73 Canada 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
United States 30,256 37,791 38,329 32,250 39,903 40,567 152 158 163 2,146 2,270 2,401 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 43,802 50,775 51,277 44,831 51,771 52,435 1,170 1,347 1,317 2,199 2,343 2,474 Total Amérique du Nord
a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 11b

TABLE 11b
HARDWOOD LOGS (tropical) GRUMES DE NON-CONIFERES (tropicale)
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Net Trade
Country Commerce Net Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
France -33 -38 -37 36 42 40 3 3 3 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany -6 -4 -6 8 9 10 2 5 4 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg -15 -15 -15 15 15 15 0 0 0 Luxembourg 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Netherlands -4 -13 -13 14 20 20 10 7 7 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Poland -1 -2 -2 2 2 2 0 0 0 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal -187 -74 -69 192 80 75 5 6 6 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia -1 -1 -1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain -7 -6 -7 7 8 8 0 1 1 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom -24 -24 -24 24 24 24 0 0 0 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe -279 -178 -175 300 201 196 20 23 21 Total Europe
Canada 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States -1 -1 -1 2 2 2 1 1 1 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 0 2 -1 2 2 2 2 4 1 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 12

TABLE 12
PULPWOOD (total) BOIS DE TRITURATION (total)
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption a
Country Consommation Apparente a Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 15,114 15,232 15,570 10,110 10,642 10,980 5,798 5,730 5,630 794 1,140 1,040 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 928 911 927 881 874 891 99 87 87 51 50 51 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 8 9 9 8 8 8 1 1 1 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 6,297 6,778 6,889 10,087 9,823 9,900 482 558 576 4,272 3,603 3,587 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 4,050 3,280 3,280 6,316 5,850 5,850 459 270 270 2,724 2,840 2,840 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 53,097 56,668 56,727 43,221 46,410 47,366 11,047 11,200 10,303 1,171 942 942 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 23,342 23,959 24,580 22,195 22,900 23,300 3,083 3,093 3,280 1,936 2,034 2,000 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 27,601 26,250 27,690 29,618 30,900 31,300 3,352 2,650 3,140 5,368 7,300 6,750 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 1,766 1,936 1,936 1,707 1,843 1,843 134 223 223 75 130 130 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 1,961 1,869 1,974 2,082 2,044 2,177 129 200 203 249 375 406 Irlande 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Italy 5,567 5,567 5,567 4,518 4,518 4,518 1,154 1,154 1,154 105 105 105 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Latvia 4,140 3,650 3,650 6,387 6,050 6,050 2,019 1,800 1,800 4,266 4,200 4,200 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 695 757 751 625 687 681 189 189 189 119 119 119 Luxembourg 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Malta 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 Malte 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Montenegro 239 218 238 238 217 237 1 1 1 0 0 0 Monténégro 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Netherlands 1,145 1,120 1,120 1,355 1,380 1,390 734 730 730 944 990 1,000 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Poland 29,967 30,985 31,835 28,035 29,200 29,800 4,609 4,460 4,410 2,677 2,675 2,375 Pologne 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Portugal 13,533 13,750 13,782 11,462 11,900 11,870 2,363 2,280 2,382 292 430 470 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 909 947 976 892 931 958 21 20 22 4 4 4 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 3,472 3,800 4,000 4,119 4,200 4,350 1,006 1,000 1,050 1,654 1,400 1,400 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 834 910 880 1,877 1,870 1,920 494 700 570 1,536 1,660 1,610 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 11,099 11,684 12,052 12,663 13,217 13,651 557 582 603 2,121 2,116 2,202 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 59,772 59,734 59,784 52,100 53,300 53,300 8,194 7,127 7,127 522 693 643 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 1,692 1,713 1,738 1,254 1,280 1,310 631 623 613 193 190 185 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 13,596 14,027 14,027 13,397 13,600 13,600 202 455 455 3 28 28 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 5,136 5,482 5,482 4,670 4,974 4,974 578 578 578 112 71 71 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 285,963 291,237 295,466 269,817 278,619 282,225 47,336 45,712 45,399 31,190 33,094 32,158 Total Europe
Moldova 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Russia 58,244 60,273 64,791 73,232 75,562 76,307 104 104 104 15,092 15,393 11,620 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total EECCA 58,246 60,275 64,793 73,233 75,563 76,308 105 105 105 15,092 15,393 11,620 Total EOCAC
Canada 34,428 30,819 31,865 31,073 27,434 27,434 4,000 3,969 4,975 645 584 545 Canada 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
United States 228,406 228,659 234,933 233,223 234,181 234,974 190 206 201 5,007 5,728 243 Etats-Unis 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3
Total North America 262,835 259,479 266,798 264,296 261,615 262,408 4,191 4,175 5,177 5,652 6,312 788 Total Amérique du Nord
Includes wood residues, chips and particles for all purposes Comprend les dechets de bois, plaquettes et particules pour toute utilisation
a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 12a

TABLE 12a
PULPWOOD LOGS (ROUND AND SPLIT) BOIS DE TRITURATION (RONDINS ET QUARTIERS)
Softwood Conifères
1000 m3 - Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
Apparent Consumption a
Country Consommation Apparente a Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 4,999 4,750 4,840 2,358 2,510 2,600 2,749 2,500 2,400 108 260 160 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 622 625 623 559 567 570 77 68 65 14 10 12 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 4,527 5,000 5,050 8,036 7,799 7,798 263 255 268 3,772 3,054 3,016 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 528 475 475 1,148 1,075 1,075 21 40 40 641 640 640 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 21,957 24,401 24,237 21,635 23,931 24,294 1,205 1,238 711 883 768 768 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 4,622 4,724 4,700 4,479 4,600 4,600 506 561 600 363 438 500 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 10,290 7,600 9,000 10,590 10,600 11,000 2,200 1,500 2,000 2,500 4,500 4,000 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 596 542 542 596 542 542 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Ireland 1,117 752 801 1,197 877 934 30 50 53 110 175 186 Irlande 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Italy 853 853 853 853 853 853 0 0 0 0 0 0 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 ... ... ... ... ... ... 3
Latvia 1,814 1,750 1,750 2,241 2,100 2,100 306 350 350 733 700 700 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 40 32 32 40 32 32 0 0 0 0 0 0 Luxembourg 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Montenegro 17 9 23 17 9 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monténégro 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Netherlands 142 140 140 255 260 260 82 80 80 195 200 200 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Poland 13,036 13,600 13,950 13,886 14,500 14,600 1,185 1,200 1,250 2,035 2,100 1,900 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 2,205 2,350 2,272 2,130 2,300 2,230 81 80 82 6 30 40 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 94 96 98 94 96 98 0 0 0 0 0 0 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 702 900 950 1,157 1,200 1,250 575 500 500 1,030 800 800 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 278 310 330 346 230 280 230 310 280 298 230 230 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 2,931 2,905 2,952 3,489 3,665 3,751 95 100 102 653 860 901 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 29,055 29,293 29,393 25,400 26,100 26,200 3,931 3,469 3,469 276 276 276 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 238 240 245 308 310 315 20 20 20 90 90 90 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 7,224 7,352 7,352 7,222 7,350 7,350 3 3 3 1 1 1 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 1,885 1,885 1,885 1,630 1,630 1,630 283 283 283 29 29 29 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 109,772 110,583 112,492 109,665 113,137 114,386 13,842 12,607 12,556 13,736 15,161 14,449 Total Europe
Russia 29,389 29,682 32,041 33,289 33,622 31,941 100 100 100 4,000 4,040 0 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total EECCA 29,389 29,682 32,041 33,289 33,622 31,941 100 100 100 4,000 4,040 0 Total EOCAC
Canada 4,432 3,984 4,267 3,804 3,470 3,470 645 518 800 17 4 3 Canada 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
United States 133,463 133,526 133,557 133,458 133,521 133,552 5 5 5 0 0 0 Etats-Unis 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Total North America 137,895 137,511 137,825 137,262 136,992 137,023 650 523 805 17 4 3 Total Amérique du Nord
a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 12b

TABLE 12b
PULPWOOD LOGS (ROUND AND SPLIT) BOIS DE TRITURATION (RONDINS ET QUARTIERS)
Hardwood Non-conifères
1000 m3 - Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
Apparent Consumption a
Country Consommation Apparente a Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 1,210 1,382 1,380 600 682 680 680 780 780 70 80 80 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 61 62 64 55 57 56 13 10 12 7 5 4 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 276 293 306 323 334 352 17 18 18 64 59 64 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 507 205 205 1,168 1,075 1,075 172 130 130 833 1,000 1,000 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 11,986 11,834 11,801 7,416 7,158 7,542 4,637 4,709 4,292 67 32 32 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 2,509 2,546 2,480 3,314 3,300 3,200 67 66 80 872 820 800 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 2,663 2,650 2,690 2,913 2,800 2,800 150 150 140 400 300 250 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 306 377 377 306 377 377 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Italy 166 166 166 166 166 166 0 0 0 0 0 0 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 ... ... ... ... ... ... 3
Latvia 600 400 400 1,882 1,750 1,750 461 350 350 1,743 1,700 1,700 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 64 134 128 64 134 128 0 0 0 0 0 0 Luxembourg 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Montenegro 26 13 19 26 13 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 Monténégro 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ... ... ... ... ... ... 2
Netherlands 65 50 50 147 160 160 21 20 20 103 130 130 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Poland 4,953 5,385 5,785 4,468 4,900 5,300 560 560 560 75 75 75 Pologne 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Portugal 8,585 8,300 8,350 7,410 7,600 7,620 1,353 1,000 1,050 178 300 320 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 293 299 309 294 300 310 0 0 0 1 1 1 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 1,788 1,900 2,000 1,828 1,850 1,900 70 150 200 110 100 100 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 146 140 100 450 490 440 88 130 90 392 480 430 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 5,267 5,658 5,658 5,942 6,074 6,150 285 291 295 960 707 787 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 8,641 8,441 8,541 6,100 6,200 6,300 2,558 2,258 2,258 17 17 17 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 137 143 148 174 180 185 3 3 3 40 40 40 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 5,225 5,300 5,300 5,225 5,300 5,300 2 2 2 2 2 2 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 17 17 17 2 2 2 16 16 16 0 0 0 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 55,490 55,695 56,274 50,273 50,901 51,811 11,152 10,643 10,295 5,935 5,849 5,832 Total Europe
Russia 8,465 9,105 10,109 15,665 16,449 17,600 0 0 0 7,200 7,344 7,491 Russie 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total EECCA 8,465 9,105 10,109 15,665 16,449 17,600 0 0 0 7,200 7,344 7,491 Total EOCAC
Canada 8,112 7,871 7,870 8,474 8,073 8,073 31 28 19 393 231 223 Canada 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3
United States 42,217 42,237 42,247 42,264 42,284 42,294 42 42 42 89 89 89 Etats-Unis 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Total North America 50,329 50,108 50,117 50,738 50,358 50,368 73 70 61 482 320 312 Total Amérique du Nord
a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fournies des données sur la commerce
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 12c

TABLE 12c
WOOD RESIDUES, CHIPS AND PARTICLES DECHETS DE BOIS, PLAQUETTES ET PARTICULES
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 m3
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 8,904 9,100 9,350 7,152 7,450 7,700 2,369 2,450 2,450 616 800 800 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 245 224 240 267 250 265 9 9 10 30 35 35 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 8 9 9 8 8 8 1 1 1 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 1,494 1,485 1,533 1,728 1,690 1,750 202 285 290 436 490 507 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 3,015 2,600 2,600 4,000 3,700 3,700 266 100 100 1,251 1,200 1,200 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 19,154 20,432 20,689 14,170 15,321 15,530 5,205 5,254 5,301 221 142 142 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 16,211 16,690 17,400 14,402 15,000 15,500 2,510 2,465 2,600 701 776 700 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 14,649 16,000 16,000 16,115 17,500 17,500 1,002 1,000 1,000 2,468 2,500 2,500 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 864 1,017 1,017 805 924 924 134 223 223 75 130 130 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 844 1,117 1,173 885 1,167 1,243 99 150 150 139 200 220 Irlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Italy 4,549 4,549 4,549 3,500 3,500 3,500 1,154 1,154 1,154 105 105 105 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Latvia 1,726 1,500 1,500 2,264 2,200 2,200 1,252 1,100 1,100 1,790 1,800 1,800 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 591 591 591 521 521 521 189 189 189 119 119 119 Luxembourg 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Malta 2 2 2 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 Malte 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Montenegro 196 196 196 195 195 195 1 1 1 0 0 0 Monténégro 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Netherlands 938 930 930 953 960 970 631 630 630 646 660 670 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Poland 11,977 12,000 12,100 9,680 9,800 9,900 2,864 2,700 2,600 567 500 400 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 2,742 3,100 3,160 1,921 2,000 2,020 929 1,200 1,250 108 100 110 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 522 552 569 504 535 550 21 20 22 3 3 3 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 982 1,000 1,050 1,135 1,150 1,200 361 350 350 514 500 500 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 409 460 450 1,080 1,150 1,200 176 260 200 847 950 950 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 2,902 3,120 3,442 3,233 3,478 3,750 178 191 206 508 548 514 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 22,076 22,000 21,850 20,600 21,000 20,800 1,705 1,400 1,400 229 400 350 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 1,317 1,330 1,345 772 790 810 608 600 590 63 60 55 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 1,147 1,375 1,375 950 950 950 197 450 450 0 25 25 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 3,234 3,580 3,580 3,038 3,342 3,342 279 279 279 83 41 41 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 120,700 124,959 126,700 109,879 114,581 116,029 22,341 22,462 22,548 11,520 12,084 11,876 Total Europe
Moldova 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Russia 20,390 21,487 22,641 24,278 25,492 26,766 4 4 4 3,892 4,009 4,129 Russie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total EECCA 20,392 21,489 22,643 24,279 25,493 26,767 5 5 5 3,892 4,009 4,129 Total EOCAC
Canada 21,885 18,964 19,728 18,795 15,890 15,890 3,324 3,423 4,156 235 349 318 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 52,726 52,896 59,128 57,501 58,376 59,128 143 159 154 4,918 5,639 154 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 74,611 71,860 78,856 76,296 74,266 75,018 3,467 3,581 4,310 5,153 5,988 472 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 13

TABLE 13
WOOD PELLETS GRANULES DE BOIS
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
1000 mt
Apparent Consumption
Country Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations Pays
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 Country Consumption Production Imports Exports Country
Austria 1,074 1,135 1,250 1,540 1,650 1,800 384 425 390 849 940 940 Autriche 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Bosnia-Herzegovina 90 94 94 150 162 165 1 2 3 61 70 74 Bosnie-Herzegovine 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cyprus 4 4 4 0 0 0 4 4 4 0 0 0 Chypre 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Czech Republic 180 182 198 477 490 502 32 34 35 329 342 339 République tchèque 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Estonia 572 115 115 1,630 1,400 1,400 12 15 15 1,070 1,300 1,300 Estonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Finland 427 395 420 322 345 365 112 90 90 7 40 35 Finlande 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
France 2,075 2,101 2,200 1,760 1,800 1,850 412 410 450 97 109 100 France 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Germany 2,590 2,880 3,225 3,100 3,300 3,600 291 325 350 801 745 725 Allemagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Hungary 77 79 79 16 19 19 84 82 82 23 22 22 Hongrie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Ireland 45 65 65 38 55 55 38 45 45 30 35 35 Irlande 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Italy 2,194 2,194 2,194 400 400 400 1,802 1,802 1,802 7 7 7 Italie 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Latvia 325 300 300 2,264 2,200 2,200 425 400 400 2,364 2,300 2,300 Lettonie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Luxembourg 47 47 47 63 63 63 11 11 11 27 27 27 Luxembourg 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Malta 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Malte 3 3 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 2 3
Montenegro 53 47 47 89 82 82 1 1 1 37 37 37 Monténégro 3 3 3 3 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3
Netherlands 2,442 2,609 3,180 300 300 300 2,297 2,429 3,000 155 120 120 Pays-Bas 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
North Macedonia 91 91 91 0 0 0 91 91 91 0 0 0 Macédoine du Nord 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Poland 818 880 900 1,353 1,450 1,500 176 180 200 711 750 800 Pologne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Portugal 255 204 245 859 900 950 2 4 5 606 700 710 Portugal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Serbia 406 445 450 445 455 460 40 45 50 79 55 60 Serbie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovakia 20 20 20 206 200 200 43 45 45 229 225 225 Slovaquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Slovenia 206 165 175 148 160 165 257 215 230 198 210 220 Slovénie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Spain 507 696 798 531 745 863 65 76 80 89 125 145 Espagne 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 1,642 1,940 1,940 1,660 2,000 2,000 119 140 140 138 200 200 Suède 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Switzerland 347 350 355 270 275 285 78 75 70 0 0 0 Suisse 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Turkey 6 6 6 20 20 20 0 0 0 14 14 14 Turquie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United Kingdom 9,345 9,345 9,345 271 271 271 9,078 9,078 9,078 4 4 4 Royaume-Uni 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total Europe 25,840 26,388 27,743 17,912 18,743 19,516 15,854 16,023 16,666 7,925 8,378 8,439 Total Europe
Moldova 32 32 32 31 31 31 2 2 2 0 0 0 Moldova 3 2 3 3 2 5 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 3
Russia 509 470 540 2,800 3,220 3,703 2 2 2 2,294 2,752 3,165 Russie 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 2 3
Total EECCA 541 502 573 2,831 3,251 3,734 4 4 4 2,294 2,752 3,165 Total EOCAC
Canada 960 795 536 3,830 4,131 4,131 31 46 54 2,901 3,381 3,649 Canada 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
United States 1,360 1,503 1,572 8,412 8,855 9,210 205 227 236 7,257 7,578 7,874 Etats-Unis 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Total North America 2,321 2,299 2,108 12,242 12,985 13,341 236 272 290 10,158 10,958 11,523 Total Amérique du Nord
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 14

TABLE 14
Europe: Summary table of market forecasts for 2021 and 2022
Europe: Tableau récapitulatif des prévisions du marché pour 2021 et 2022
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
million m3 (pulp, paper and pellets million m.t. - pâte de bois, papiers et cartons, et granulés en millions de tonnes métriques)
Apparent Consumption
Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022
actual forecasts actual forecasts actual forecasts actual forecasts
réels prévisions réels prévisions réels prévisions réels prévisions
Sawn softwood 82.76 89.42 90.28 102.87 107.84 109.03 32.51 35.40 34.94 52.63 53.82 53.68 Sciages conifères
Softwood logs a 194.72 200.32 200.51 199.16 199.97 194.47 20.04 19.12 19.97 24.48 18.77 13.94 Grumes de conifères a
Sawn hardwood 10.78 11.34 11.61 10.72 11.25 11.40 4.01 4.25 4.34 3.95 4.17 4.12 Sciages non-conifères
– temperate zone b 10.05 10.62 10.88 10.65 11.19 11.34 3.24 3.49 3.56 3.84 4.06 4.01 – zone tempérée b
– tropical zone b 0.72 0.72 0.73 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.77 0.77 0.78 0.11 0.11 0.11 – zone tropicale b
Hardwood logs a 23.22 23.52 24.12 24.09 24.78 25.20 2.48 2.04 2.17 3.34 3.30 3.25 Grumes de non-conifères a
– temperate zone b 22.94 23.34 23.94 24.09 24.78 25.20 2.18 1.84 1.97 3.32 3.28 3.23 – zone tempérée b
– tropical zone b 0.28 0.18 0.17 0.30 0.20 0.20 0.02 0.02 0.02 – zone tropicale b
Veneer sheets 1.44 1.51 1.53 1.03 1.13 1.13 1.18 1.23 1.26 0.77 0.85 0.86 Feuilles de placage
Plywood 7.44 7.27 7.51 4.39 4.61 4.63 6.77 6.68 6.90 3.72 4.02 4.03 Contreplaqués
Particle board (excluding OSB) 28.83 29.99 30.57 30.22 31.31 31.80 9.16 9.50 9.84 10.55 10.83 11.07 Pann. de particules (sauf OSB)
OSB 5.66 5.74 5.81 5.85 5.69 5.80 3.26 3.29 3.34 3.45 3.24 3.33 OSB
Fibreboard 20.47 20.83 21.46 22.07 22.67 23.15 9.24 9.65 9.86 10.84 11.49 11.55 Panneaux de fibres
– Hardboard 0.52 0.66 0.74 0.38 0.42 0.43 1.38 1.42 1.45 1.25 1.19 1.14 – Durs
– MDF 16.80 17.00 17.48 18.52 19.04 19.43 5.86 6.14 6.25 7.58 8.18 8.20 – MDF
– Other board 3.15 3.17 3.24 3.16 3.22 3.29 2.00 2.08 2.15 2.01 2.13 2.21 – Autres panneaux
Pulpwood a 285.96 291.24 295.47 269.82 278.62 282.23 47.34 45.71 45.40 31.19 33.09 32.16 Bois de trituration a
– Pulp logs 165.26 166.28 168.77 159.94 164.04 166.20 24.99 23.25 22.85 19.67 21.01 20.28 – Bois ronds de trituration
– softwood 109.77 110.58 112.49 109.67 113.14 114.39 13.84 12.61 12.56 13.74 15.16 14.45 – conifères
– hardwood 55.49 55.69 56.27 50.27 50.90 51.81 11.15 10.64 10.30 5.93 5.85 5.83 – non-conifères
– Residues, chips and particles 120.70 124.96 126.70 109.88 114.58 116.03 22.34 22.46 22.55 11.52 12.08 11.88 – Déchets, plaquettes et part.
Wood pulp 40.30 40.64 40.12 36.93 37.91 37.93 17.92 17.74 17.65 14.55 15.02 15.46 Pâte de bois
Paper and paperboard 76.36 76.97 77.32 86.91 89.94 90.19 44.50 44.66 44.77 55.05 57.63 57.65 Papiers et cartons
Wood Pellets 25.84 26.39 27.74 17.91 18.74 19.52 15.85 16.02 16.67 7.93 8.38 8.44 Granulés de bois
a Countries which did not provide trade data are included in consumption data a La consommation comprend les pays qui n'ont pas fourni des données sur le commerce
b Trade figures by zone do not equal the total as some countries cannot provide data for both zones b Les chiffres du commerce par zone ne correspondent pas aux totaux
en raison du fait que certains pays ne peuvent les différencier.
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 15

TABLE 15
North America: Summary table of market forecasts for 2021 and 2022
Amérique du Nord: Tableau récapitulatif des prévisions du marché pour 2021 et 2022
Data only for those countries providing forecasts - Données uniquement pour les pays fournissant des prévisions
million m3 (pulp, paper and pellets million m.t. - pâte de bois, papiers et cartons, et granulés en millions de tonnes métriques)
Apparent Consumption
Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022
actual forecasts actual forecasts actual forecasts actual forecasts
réels prévisions réels prévisions réels prévisions réels prévisions
Sawn softwood 99.90 108.23 111.04 101.84 106.68 109.76 26.26 26.68 26.58 28.20 25.13 25.30 Sciages conifères
Softwood logs 239.31 239.09 237.48 251.70 251.56 254.08 2.97 2.83 2.93 15.36 15.29 19.53 Grumes de conifères
Sawn hardwood 15.07 15.55 15.76 17.68 17.82 17.86 1.38 1.55 1.65 4.00 3.81 3.76 Sciages non-conifères
– temperate zone 14.93 15.43 15.63 17.68 17.82 17.86 1.20 1.37 1.47 3.95 3.76 3.70 – zone tempérée
– tropical zone 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.18 0.19 0.05 0.05 0.06 – zone tropicale
Hardwood logs 43.80 50.77 51.28 44.83 51.77 52.43 1.17 1.35 1.32 2.20 2.35 2.47 Grumes de non-conifères
– temperate zone 43.80 50.78 51.28 44.83 51.77 52.43 1.17 1.35 1.32 2.20 2.34 2.47 – zone tempérée
– tropical zone -0.00 -0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 – zone tropicale
Veneer sheets 2.85 2.90 2.96 2.87 2.93 3.01 0.74 0.82 0.84 0.76 0.86 0.88 Feuilles de placage
Plywood 16.41 17.41 17.77 11.17 11.75 12.00 6.31 6.80 6.92 1.07 1.13 1.14 Contreplaqués
Particle board (excluding OSB) 7.25 6.77 6.74 6.41 6.26 6.30 1.95 1.94 1.98 1.12 1.43 1.54 Pann. de particules (sauf OSB)
OSB 20.08 20.76 21.06 20.34 21.24 21.57 5.19 5.58 5.68 5.45 6.07 6.18 OSB
Fibreboard 9.46 9.82 9.83 7.35 7.40 7.40 3.64 3.94 3.95 1.52 1.52 1.52 Panneaux de fibres
– Hardboard 0.27 0.29 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.35 – Durs
– MDF 5.88 6.16 6.18 3.77 3.82 3.82 3.02 3.25 3.25 0.91 0.90 0.89 – MDF
– Other board 3.31 3.36 3.36 3.28 3.28 3.28 0.31 0.36 0.37 0.28 0.28 0.29 – Autres panneaux
Pulpwood 262.83 259.48 266.80 264.30 261.62 262.41 4.19 4.17 5.18 5.65 6.31 0.79 Bois de trituration
– Pulp logs 188.22 187.62 187.94 188.00 187.35 187.39 0.72 0.59 0.87 0.50 0.32 0.32 – Bois ronds de trituration
– softwood 137.89 137.51 137.82 137.26 136.99 137.02 0.65 0.52 0.81 0.02 0.00 0.00 – conifères
– hardwood 50.33 50.11 50.12 50.74 50.36 50.37 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.48 0.32 0.31 – non-conifères
– Residues, chips and particles 74.61 71.86 78.86 76.30 74.27 75.02 3.47 3.58 4.31 5.15 5.99 0.47 – Déchets, plaquettes et part.
Wood pulp 54.46 55.16 55.31 64.98 65.09 64.61 6.30 6.77 7.22 16.82 16.71 16.52 Pâte de bois
Paper and paperboard 68.29 70.84 71.97 74.59 77.14 78.53 10.00 10.31 10.28 16.31 16.60 16.84 Papiers et cartons
Wood pellets 2.32 2.30 2.11 12.24 12.99 13.34 0.24 0.27 0.29 10.16 10.96 11.52 Granulés de bois
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 16

TABLE 16
Russian Federation: Summary table of market forecasts for 2021 and 2022
Fédération de Russie: Tableau récapitulatif des prévisions du marché pour 2021 et 2022
million m3 (pulp, paper and pellets million m.t. - pâte de bois, papiers et cartons, et granulés en millions de tonnes métriques)
Apparent Consumption
Consommation Apparente Production Imports - Importations Exports - Exportations
2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022 2020 2021 2022
actual forecasts actual forecasts actual forecasts actual forecasts
réels prévisions réels prévisions réels prévisions réels prévisions
Sawn softwood 9.13 10.15 11.25 38.92 40.09 42.09 0.04 0.04 0.04 29.83 29.98 30.88 Sciages conifères
Softwood logs 108.14 109.22 108.11 120.44 121.64 115.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 12.30 12.42 7.45 Grumes de conifères
Sawn hardwood 1.34 1.38 1.48 2.88 2.97 3.14 0.01 0.01 0.01 1.54 1.59 1.67 Sciages non-conifères
– temperate zone 1.34 1.38 1.47 2.88 2.97 3.14 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.54 1.59 1.67 – zone tempérée
– tropical zone 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 – zone tropicale
Hardwood logs 12.49 13.18 14.23 14.89 15.63 16.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 2.45 2.50 Grumes de non-conifères
– temperate zone 12.49 13.18 14.23 14.89 15.63 16.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.40 2.45 2.50 – zone tempérée
– tropical zone 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 – zone tropicale
Veneer sheets 1.10 1.44 1.69 1.57 1.96 2.26 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.49 0.54 0.58 Feuilles de placage
Plywood 1.22 1.44 1.51 4.00 4.60 4.83 0.12 0.13 0.13 2.90 3.28 3.45 Contreplaqués
Particle board (excluding OSB) 5.29 6.12 6.50 6.73 7.15 7.53 0.30 0.67 0.79 1.74 1.69 1.83 Pann. de particules (sauf OSB)
OSB 1.61 1.08 1.26 1.63 1.63 1.95 0.35 0.18 0.14 0.36 0.72 0.83 OSB
Fibreboard 2.80 3.42 3.67 3.58 4.30 4.63 0.46 0.59 0.64 1.24 1.48 1.60 Panneaux de fibres
– Hardboard 0.32 0.39 0.35 0.37 0.45 0.40 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.16 0.15 – Durs
– MDF 2.45 2.99 3.29 3.20 3.84 4.22 0.33 0.46 0.51 1.08 1.31 1.44 – MDF
– Other board 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 – Autres panneaux
Pulpwood 58.24 60.27 64.79 73.23 75.56 76.31 0.10 0.10 0.10 15.09 15.39 11.62 Bois de trituration
– Pulp logs 37.85 38.79 42.15 48.95 50.07 49.54 0.10 0.10 0.10 11.20 11.38 7.49 – Bois ronds de trituration
– softwood 29.39 29.68 32.04 33.29 33.62 31.94 0.10 0.10 0.10 4.00 4.04 0.00 – conifères
– hardwood 8.47 9.10 10.11 15.67 16.45 17.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 7.20 7.34 7.49 – non-conifères
– Residues, chips and particles 20.39 21.49 22.64 24.28 25.49 26.77 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.89 4.01 4.13 – Déchets, plaquettes et part.
Wood pulp 6.53 6.55 6.68 8.77 8.85 9.03 0.21 0.21 0.22 2.44 2.52 2.57 Pâte de bois
Paper and paperboard 7.12 7.62 7.95 9.53 10.19 10.70 1.19 1.17 1.14 3.60 3.75 3.90 Papiers et cartons
Wood pellets 0.51 0.47 0.54 2.80 3.22 3.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.29 2.75 3.17 Granulés de bois
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 17

TABLE 17
Europe: Trade in forest products by main product groups, 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (averages) and 2016 to 2020
Europe: Commerce des produits forestiers, par principaux groupes d'assortiments, en 1979-81 et 1999-2001 (moyennes) et de 2016 à 2020
Quantity - Volume
Unit average Change - Changement
Unité moyenne 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2019/2020
1979-81 1999-2001 Volume Percent
EXPORTS EXPORTATIONS
Roundwood a million m3 22.22 48.68 61.29 63.02 70.01 78.70 82.01 3.31 4.2% Bois ronds a
Sawnwood " 24.77 45.99 55.71 58.51 59.86 62.83 56.58 -6.25 -9.9% Sciages
Wood-based panels b " 8.07 21.42 33.67 35.66 35.43 35.67 28.55 -7.12 -20.0% Panneaux à base de bois b
Wood pulp million m.t. 7.31 10.08 14.31 14.81 15.19 16.26 14.55 -1.71 -10.5% Pâte de bois
Paper and paperboard " 18.39 54.06 65.56 66.20 66.45 65.12 55.05 -10.07 -15.5% Papiers et cartons
IMPORTS IMPORTATIONS
Roundwood a million m3 38.83 74.99 85.69 79.61 90.25 89.33 86.83 -2.50 -2.8% Bois ronds a
Sawnwood " 34.26 46.39 40.93 43.88 46.19 47.38 36.52 -10.86 -22.9% Sciages
Wood-based panels b " 10.30 21.38 33.04 35.75 37.21 36.72 28.43 -8.29 -22.6% Panneaux à base de bois b
Wood pulp million m.t. 11.36 17.26 20.73 20.86 21.51 20.02 17.92 -2.10 -10.5% Pâte de bois
Paper and paperboard " 16.78 48.69 56.27 57.08 57.24 55.14 44.50 -10.64 -19.3% Papiers et cartons
NET TRADE c COMMERCE NET c
Roundwood a million m3 -16.61 -26.31 -24.40 -16.59 -20.24 -10.63 -4.82 5.81 54.6% Bois ronds a
Sawnwood " -9.49 -0.40 14.78 14.62 13.68 15.45 20.06 4.61 29.8% Sciages
Wood-based panels b " -2.23 0.04 0.63 -0.10 -1.79 -1.05 0.12 1.17 NA Panneaux à base de bois b
Wood pulp million m.t. -4.05 -7.18 -6.42 -6.05 -6.31 -3.76 -3.37 0.39 10.3% Pâte de bois
Paper and paperboard " 1.61 5.37 9.29 9.12 9.21 9.98 10.55 0.57 5.7% Papiers et cartons
a Including available data on wood residues, chips and particles a Y compris les données disponibles pour les déchets, les plaquettes et les particules
b Not including veneer sheets b Ne sot pas compris les feuilles de placage
c Exports minus imports c Exportations moins importations
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 18

TABLE 18
Europe: Apparent consumption of selected forest products, 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (averages), 2016 to 2020, and forecasts for 2021 and 2022
Europe: Consommation apparente de certains produits forestiers, en 1979-81 et 1999-2001 (moyennes), de 2016 à 2020 et prévisions pour 2021 et 2022
Unit Unité Actual - Réelle Forecasts a
Prévisions a
average
moyenne 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
1979-81 1999-2001
Sawnwood b million m3 100.66 108.12 107.55 110.81 113.12 110.61 93.53 100.75 101.89 Sciages b
– Softwood " 78.36 89.22 94.52 97.49 99.05 96.33 82.76 89.42 90.28 – Conifères
– Hardwood " 22.30 18.90 13.03 13.32 14.07 14.27 10.78 11.34 11.61 – Non-conifères
Wood-based panels c " 33.70 54.21 71.70 74.21 75.86 74.96 62.39 63.82 65.34 Panneaux à base de bois c
– Plywood " 5.44 6.66 8.43 8.89 9.48 8.91 7.44 7.27 7.51 – Contreplaqués
– Particle board d " 23.82 34.50 36.11 36.97 36.61 36.39 28.83 29.99 30.57 – Panneaux de particules d
– OSB 1.72 6.18 6.63 6.89 6.74 5.66 5.74 5.81 – OSB
– Fibreboard " 4.44 11.00 20.99 21.72 22.88 22.92 20.47 20.83 21.46 – Panneaux de fibres
Paper and paperboard million m.t. 49.17 88.67 88.40 89.94 89.53 86.18 76.36 76.97 77.32 Papiers et cartons
– Newsprint " 6.45 12.04 6.61 6.03 5.76 5.26 4.10 – Papiers journal
– Other paper & paperbrd. " 42.71 76.63 81.79 83.91 83.77 80.92 72.26 – Autres papiers/cartons
Index - Indice 1979-81 = 100
Sawnwood b 100.0 107.4 106.8 110.1 112.4 109.9 92.9 100.1 101.2 Sciages b
– Softwood 100.0 113.9 120.6 124.4 126.4 122.9 105.6 114.1 115.2 – Conifères
– Hardwood 100.0 84.7 58.4 59.7 63.1 64.0 48.3 50.8 52.1 – Non-conifères
Wood-based panels c 100.0 160.9 212.8 220.2 225.1 222.4 185.1 189.4 193.9 Panneaux à base de bois c
– Plywood 100.0 122.5 154.9 163.4 174.2 163.8 136.7 133.6 138.0 – Contreplaqués
– Particle board 100.0 144.8 151.6 155.2 153.7 152.8 121.0 125.9 128.3 – Panneaux de particules
– OSB 100.0 359.2 385.7 400.4 391.9 329.0 333.6 337.7 – OSB
– Fibreboard 100.0 247.9 472.8 489.2 515.3 516.1 461.0 469.1 483.3 – Panneaux de fibres
Paper and paperboard 100.0 180.3 179.8 182.9 182.1 175.3 155.3 156.5 157.2 Papiers et cartons
– Newsprint 100.0 186.6 102.5 93.4 89.2 81.6 63.5 – Papiers journal
– Other paper & paperbrd. 100.0 179.4 191.5 196.5 196.1 189.5 169.2 – Autres papiers/cartons
a The forecasts and 2020 are not a Une comparison entre prévisions (et 2020)
comparable with earlier data as the methodology is different. et les donnes anterieures n'est pas possible à cause de différences des méthodes de calcul.
b Excluding sleepers through 2016 b Non compris les traverses jusqu'à 2016
c Not including veneer sheets c Ne sont pas compris les feuilles de placage
d Average figure for 1979-81 includes OSB d Les chiffres moyennes 1979-81 comprennent le OSB
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

Table 19

TABLE 19
United States: Apparent consumption and imports of selected forest products, 1979-81 and 1999-2001 (averages), 2016 to 2020, and forecasts for 2021 and 2022
Etats-Unis: Consommation apparente et importations de certains produits forestiers, en 1979-81 et 1999-2001 (moyennes), de 2016 à 2020 et prévisions pour 2021 et 2022
Unit Unité Actual - Réelle Forecasts a
Prévisions a
average
moyenne 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
1979-81 1999-2001
Apparent Consumption – Consommation apparente
Sawnwood b million m3 95.82 119.44 99.75 100.40 101.08 101.75 99.92 102.05 103.10 Sciages b
– Softwood " 79.14 91.63 80.22 81.41 81.94 82.26 86.12 87.85 88.69 – Conifères
– Hardwood " 16.67 27.81 19.53 18.99 19.14 19.49 13.81 14.20 14.41 – Non-conifères
Wood-based panels c " 29.25 54.68 47.17 48.78 47.93 46.78 46.09 47.63 48.43 Panneaux à base de bois c
– Plywood " 6.09 18.74 15.42 15.60 14.87 14.03 14.03 14.64 14.94 – Contreplaqués
– Particle board d " 17.11 10.15 5.04 5.09 5.18 5.40 5.24 5.41 5.52 – Panneaux de particules d
– OSB 17.75 17.08 18.33 18.86 18.67 18.58 19.35 19.72 – OSB
– Fibreboard " 6.05 8.05 9.63 9.75 9.01 8.69 8.24 8.24 8.24 – Panneaux de fibres
Paper and paperboard million m.t. 61.86 92.52 70.10 69.61 68.82 66.31 63.57 66.13 67.40 Papiers et cartons
– Newsprint " 10.56 12.20 3.03 2.62 2.29 1.91 1.42 – Papiers journal
– Other paper & paperbrd. " 51.30 80.33 67.07 66.99 66.53 64.41 62.15 – Autres papiers/cartons
Imports – Importations
Sawnwood b million m3 23.87 34.46 28.33 27.42 26.44 25.30 26.26 26.70 26.57 Sciages b
– Softwood " 23.10 32.93 27.37 26.70 25.49 24.53 25.63 26.03 25.88 – Conifères
– Hardwood " 0.77 1.53 0.96 0.72 0.95 0.77 0.63 0.67 0.69 – Non-conifères
Wood-based panels c " 2.11 12.82 13.23 14.50 15.67 14.34 14.46 14.97 15.13 Panneaux à base de bois c
– Plywood " 0.50 2.63 4.88 4.93 5.47 4.66 5.06 5.30 5.33 – Contreplaqués
– Particle board " 1.33 1.44 1.25 1.24 1.33 1.43 1.46 1.33 1.36 – Panneaux de particules
– OSB 6.81 5.07 5.57 5.67 5.42 5.07 5.46 5.56 – OSB
– Fibreboard " 0.28 1.94 2.03 2.76 3.21 2.83 2.88 2.88 2.88 – Panneaux de fibres
Paper and paperboard million m.t. 7.78 15.84 9.26 9.17 9.46 8.72 7.64 7.83 7.87 Papiers et cartons
– Newsprint " 6.49 6.61 1.84 1.72 1.53 1.28 1.05 – Papiers journal
– Other paper & paperbrd. " 1.29 9.24 7.42 7.45 7.94 7.45 6.60 – Autres papiers/cartons
a The forecasts and 2020 are not a Une comparison entre prévisions (et 2020)
comparable with earlier data as the methodology is different. et les donnes anterieures s n'est pas possible à cause de différences des méthodes de calcul.
b Excluding sleepers through 2016 b Non compris les traverses jusqu'à 2016
c Not including veneer sheets c Ne sont pas compris les feuilles de placage
d Average figure for 1979-81 includes OSB d Les chiffres moyennes 1979-81 comprennent le OSB
C:\MyFiles\Timber\Timber Committee\TCQ2021\publish\[tb-74-6.xls]Table 1 printed on 17/12

UNECE steps up to ensure a sustainable economic recovery in Central Asia, the Caucasus and Eastern Europe

Countries of Central Asia, the Caucasus and Eastern Europe have been hit hard by the socioeconomic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which threatens to derail sustainable development progress in the region.

SPECA

Experts highlight the boreal biome’s contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals

Snowy trees, long winters, freezing temperatures – this is the common perception one has of the boreal forest. Yet the boreal forest, which circles the northern hemisphere and forms a ring around the north pole, is the world’s largest and perhaps most overlooked land biome. It covers 27 per cent of the global forest area and more than 60 per cent of the forest area in the UNECE region.

(Russian Federation) Artificial intelligence definition and specifics of its application for automated road vehicles

Languages and translations
English

Submitted by the expert

from the Russian Federation

Informal document GRVA-09-23

9th GRVA, 1- 5 February 2021,

Provisional agenda item 12(c)

ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRVA/2019/1

Artificial intelligence definition and specifics of its application for automated road vehicles

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have been already used in the driving automation. Thus, it is reasonable to reach a common understanding regarding the AI definition and specifics of its application for automated road vehicles.

AI is a sort of software, with the capability of self-learning, which is its main feature. In most cases such self-learning results in models containing artificial neurons and connections between them, which have specific influence coefficients. Such models are called neural networks.

The Russian National Strategy of Artificial Intelligence Development for the Period up to 2030 (approved by the Decree of the Russian President of 10 October 2019 No. 490) provides for the following definition of AI:

“Artificial intelligence shall mean a set of technological solutions allowing imitating human cognitive functions (including self-learning and search for solutions with no preset algorithm) and achieving results at least compatible with results of human intellectual activity when performing specific tasks. The set of technological solutions includes information and communication infrastructure, software (including software using machine learning methods), processes and services to process data and search for solutions.

Artificial intelligence technologies shall mean technologies based on AI application including computer vision, natural language processing, voice recognition and simulation, intelligent decision making support, and prospective artificial intelligence methods.”

This detailed definition is convenient for law making, application in the public sector and project design. It also provides for a specific list of AI technologies, or fields where AI is currently used.

ISO/IEC 22989:2020[footnoteRef:2] contains the following definition of AI: [2: Development stage - community draft. Developer: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 42 Artificial Intelligence.]

“AI - capability to acquire, process, create and apply knowledge, held in the form of a model, to conduct one or more given tasks.

This definition is more accurate from the technological perspective and is not limited by fields where AI has been already used, which provides space for further development. Our further considerations are based on the ISO/IEC definition.

According to that definition, AI is a system; if AI elements are used in automated vehicle driving systems, AI is considered as a part of specific systems of vehicles. Hereinafter such systems are referred to as “AI systems” (AISs).

Thus, AISs are part of the vehicle design and highlight structural design specifics.

Technical regulations developed within the framework of international agreements in the field of vehicle safety (1958 Geneva Agreement, 1998 Global Agreement and 1997 Vienna Agreement) set requirements not to structural design but to the performance of road vehicles, particularly related to safety, to reduce risks affecting their safety.

Based on the definition at hand, it is possible to highlight specific aspects of AI differentiating it from “traditional” programmable electronic systems (PESs[footnoteRef:3]) (see the table below). These aspects result in risks emerging during the operation of automated vehicles and uncommon to vehicles with no AI elements. [3: Defined in ISO 26262.]

Table – AI Specifics as Compared to PESs

AI specifics

Limitations in AI application

Risks in AI application

Risk accounting during AIS development

AI is not programmed by a human but “acquires knowledge” on its own

It is impossible to check the quality of a model

Undefined behavior of AISs (it is impossible to predict its response to certain input information sets[footnoteRef:4], SW safety analysis1 is impossible) [4: Example: an AIS that analyzes video streams from cameras cannot recognize certain objects with sufficient certainty – in some cases recognition is made and, in some cases, it is not.]

Ensuring the safe operation of AISs shall be considered as a probabilistic task, potentially dangerous scenarios shall be determined and the correct functioning of AISs in these scenarios should be ensured with the preset probability.

It is impossible to check a model for compliance with requirements set during its development

Non-compliance of AISs with requirements set during its development, malfunctions1 or performance limitations[footnoteRef:5]. [5: Defined in ISO 21448.]

AIS self-learning and its results should comply with preset criteria. After self-learning an AIS should comply with requirements set during its development, similar to PES.

A model where AI stores data most often cannot be analyzed by a human

It is impossible to check the quality of a model

Undefined behavior, SW safety analysis1 is impossible

AISs require self-learning in scenarios consistent with real road conditions, under human control.

Verification by known methods (relying on a code and current knowledge on PES failures) is impossible

It is impossible to achieve the proof of safety using methods used for PESs (i.e., functional safety analysis, e.g., based on ISO 26262)

AIS self-learning and its results should comply with preset criteria. After self-learning an AIS should comply with criteria assigned to it during its development.

Based on the above information, we recommend the following:

· Use the definition of AI provided for in ISO/IEC 22989:2020;

· Set no requirements to AI and treat it as part of the vehicle design;

· Set requirements to the safety performance of vehicles with automated control regardless of whether they have an AIS.

Meanwhile, it is the responsibility of AIS developers:

· To take into account AI-associated risks (see the table above) when developing AISs;

· To develop criteria for AIS self-learning and validation of its results;

· To let AISs to self-learn in scenarios consistent with real road conditions.

Submitted by the expert from the Russian Federation

Informal document GRVA-09-23 9th GRVA, 1- 5 February 2021, Provisional agenda item 12(c)

Artificial intelligence definition and specifics of its application for automated road vehicles

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have been already used in the driving automation. Thus, it is reasonable to reach a common understanding regarding the AI definition and specifics of its application for automated road vehicles.

AI is a sort of software, with the capability of self-learning, which is its main feature. In most cases such self-learning results in models containing artificial neurons and connections between them, which have specific influence coefficients. Such models are called neural networks.

The Russian National Strategy of Artificial Intelligence Development for the Period up to 2030 (approved by the Decree of the Russian President of 10 October 2019 No. 490) provides for the following definition of AI:

“Artificial intelligence shall mean a set of technological solutions allowing imitating human cognitive functions (including self-learning and search for solutions with no preset algorithm) and achieving results at least compatible with results of human intellectual activity when performing specific tasks. The set of technological solutions includes information and communication infrastructure, software (including software using machine learning methods), processes and services to process data and search for solutions.

Artificial intelligence technologies shall mean technologies based on AI application including computer vision, natural language processing, voice recognition and simulation, intelligent decision making support, and prospective artificial intelligence methods.”

This detailed definition is convenient for law making, application in the public sector and project design. It also provides for a specific list of AI technologies, or fields where AI is currently used.

ISO/IEC 22989:20201 contains the following definition of AI:

“AI - capability to acquire, process, create and apply knowledge, held in the form of a model, to conduct one or more given tasks.

This definition is more accurate from the technological perspective and is not limited by fields where AI has been already used, which provides space for further development. Our further considerations are based on the ISO/IEC definition.

According to that definition, AI is a system; if AI elements are used in automated vehicle driving systems, AI is considered as a part of specific systems of vehicles. Hereinafter such systems are referred to as “AI systems” (AISs).

Thus, AISs are part of the vehicle design and highlight structural design specifics.

Technical regulations developed within the framework of international agreements in the field of vehicle safety (1958 Geneva Agreement, 1998 Global Agreement and 1997 Vienna Agreement) set requirements not to structural design but to the performance of road vehicles, particularly related to safety, to reduce risks affecting their safety.

1 Development stage - community draft. Developer: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 42 Artificial Intelligence.

2

Based on the definition at hand, it is possible to highlight specific aspects of AI differentiating it from “traditional” programmable electronic systems (PESs2) (see the table below). These aspects result in risks emerging during the operation of automated vehicles and uncommon to vehicles with no AI elements.

Table – AI Specifics as Compared to PESs

AI specifics Limitations in AI application Risks in AI application Risk accounting

during AIS development AI is not programmed by a human but “acquires knowledge” on its own

It is impossible to check the quality of a model

Undefined behavior of AISs (it is impossible to predict its response to certain input information sets3, SW safety analysis1 is impossible)

Ensuring the safe operation of AISs shall be considered as a probabilistic task, potentially dangerous scenarios shall be determined and the correct functioning of AISs in these scenarios should be ensured with the preset probability.

It is impossible to check a model for compliance with requirements set during its development

Non-compliance of AISs with requirements set during its development, malfunctions1 or performance limitations4.

AIS self-learning and its results should comply with preset criteria. After self-learning an AIS should comply with requirements set during its development, similar to PES.

A model where AI stores data most often cannot be analyzed by a human

It is impossible to check the quality of a model

Undefined behavior, SW safety analysis1 is impossible

AISs require self-learning in scenarios consistent with real road conditions, under human control.

Verification by known methods (relying on a code and current knowledge on PES failures) is impossible

It is impossible to achieve the proof of safety using methods used for PESs (i.e., functional safety analysis, e.g., based on ISO 26262)

AIS self-learning and its results should comply with preset criteria. After self-learning an AIS should comply with criteria assigned to it during its development.

Based on the above information, we recommend the following:

• Use the definition of AI provided for in ISO/IEC 22989:2020; • Set no requirements to AI and treat it as part of the vehicle design; • Set requirements to the safety performance of vehicles with automated control

regardless of whether they have an AIS.

Meanwhile, it is the responsibility of AIS developers:

• To take into account AI-associated risks (see the table above) when developing AISs;

• To develop criteria for AIS self-learning and validation of its results; • To let AISs to self-learn in scenarios consistent with real road conditions.

2 Defined in ISO 26262.

3 Example: an AIS that analyzes video streams from cameras cannot recognize certain objects with sufficient certainty – in some cases recognition is made and, in some cases, it is not. 4 Defined in ISO 21448.

(Russian Federation/EC) Revised proposal for establishing a new Task Force on Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (TF on ADAS)

Revised proposal based on GRVA-08-08

Languages and translations
English

Submitted by experts from the European Commission and the Russian Federation

Informal document GRVA-09-15

9th GRVA, 1-5 February 2021

Agenda item 6(a)

Revised proposal for establishing a new Task Force

on Advanced Driver Assistance Systems

(TF on ADAS) – based on GRVA-08-08

I. Background

1. A number of amendment proposals to the ACSF provisions in UN Regulation No. 79 (Steering equipment) presented by various submitters at the previous GRVA sessions including several significant amendments to ACSF of Category B1 (Lane-keeping) and C (Lane change) provisions aimed at addressing innovation opportunities.

2. GRVA has been divided on these amendments for more than a year already with a lack of progress towards resolution. On the one hand, some Contracting Parties are willing to remove provisions that they consider to be design restrictions, as highlighted by the representatives of AVERE and OICA. Some other Contracting parties however highlighted the risks introduced by loosening the existing ACSF requirements and/or the initiation of new ACSF functionalities by pointing out the possibility that the driver would assume that the system is able to temporarily take over the driving task, leading a.o. driver overreliance and mode confusion. They therefore call for sufficient evidence that such amendments will ensure traffic safety. (See the last slide of GRVA-05-49).

3. AC.2 at its 134th session held on 9 November 2020 discussed the possibility to take relevant provisions out of UN Regulation No.79 and to develop a new UN Regulation on Advanced Driver Assistant Systems (ADAS). AC.2 invited GRVA to further discuss and seek consensus, especially taking into account: (i) Human Machine Interface[footnoteRef:2] (HMI) related provisions and (ii) relevant human factor issues such as e.g. driver overreliance, as a safety concern. [2: To be interpreted as ‘Human Machine Interaction’ to indicate the interaction between the human and the system]

4. At the WP.29 182nd session, EC submitted the proposal (WP.29-182-17) to amend the WP.29 Programme of Work for 2021 (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2020/1/Rev.2) to include a new item addressing the simplification of UN Regulation No. 79 and elaborating the new ADAS UN Regulation.

5. During the 8th session, GRVA agreed that the European Commission and the Russian Federation should invite GRVA participants to discuss and determine if a Task Force or other working body be formed to address any issues with UN Regulation No. 79 that need to be investigated and developed with regard to ADAS. If needed, GRVA will evaluate draft Terms of Reference for a proposed Task Force or other body on ADAS at its next session.

6. The industry is concerned with the lack of progress in addressing the issues of further development of ACSF provisions in UN Regulation No. 79 and has proposed two parallel work streams: (i) continue work to improve and adapt UN Regulation No.79, and (ii) consider the development of a new generic approach to the development of regulatory provisions in the form of a new UN Regulation to cover not only existing, but new driver assisting technologies to be introduced on the market in the next few years. Industry has consistently indicated a need to recognize the important role that ADAS continues to play in the near future in various operational environments (highway, interurban & urban).

7. The development of the new ADAS UN Regulation may affect the content of UN Regulation No. 79, possibly leading to the partial removal of the ADAS provisions of the Regulation.

8. Reference documents: WP.29-182-17, ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1155, GRVA-05-49, GRVA-07-23, FRAV-06-04, FRAV-06-05.

II. Proposal

A. Terms of Reference

1. The Task Force (TF) should focus on Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), and shall address the simplification of UN Regulation No. 79 and if needed, develop a new ADAS UN Regulation with a focus on ADAS systems up to of level 2[footnoteRef:3]. [3: As defined in ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1140 on pages 3 up to 1]

2. The scope of the new UN Regulation shall in principle aim to cover vehicles of Categories M, N and O. It is recognised that technical limitations may require vehicle category or system-specific requirements.

3. The TF on ADAS shall develop a definition of ADAS clarifying the difference of ADAS to automated driving or conventional technologies. The TF on ADAS will consider existing definitions outlined in legislation (e.g. UN Regulation No. 79), standards and informal documents.

4. The TF on ADAS shall address the following issues:

a. Outline the use-cases that are expected to be available for the market now and in the next years.

b. Consider the definition, classification and scope of functions of ADAS,

c. Ensure that use-cases and functions are considered subject to a safety evaluation aimed at ensuring, maintaining and if possible improving traffic safety.

d. Review and solve current issues on ADAS systems in Regulation No. 79 and other relevant regulations, in particular taking into consideration existing proposals for Automatically Commanded Steering Function (ACSF) of Category A (Remote Controlled Parking), Category B1 (lane keeping) and Category C (lane changes and Risk Mitigation Function).

e. Consider and develop generic safety performance and assessment requirements for ADAS, as well as combinations of multiple ADAS, for which a manufacturer is applying for an approval.[footnoteRef:4] General principles to identify differences and help distinguish between assistance systems and automated driving functions may be considered as a basis to derive generic requirements. Based on the outlined use-cases and on the review of current issues in Regulation No. 79, consider and propose specific requirements that may be relevant for specific use-cases in addition to the generic approach. [4: Similar approach to what is being developed by FRAV/VMAD for automated vehicles (from SAE level 3).]

f. As for ADAS, the TF will pay special attention to the shared driving task between the driver and vehicle which puts specific demand on:

· HMI (e.g. harmonization, saliency, unambiguity, responsibilities);

· Human Factor (HF) issues (e.g. out-of-loop phenomena, driver engagement and vigilance, confusion, calibration of trust, ergonomics, misuse and overreliance);

· Information to the user (e.g. system functioning, capabilities and limitations)

5. Based on the findings from item 3, the TF on ADAS shall consider if the development of a new draft UN Regulation focusing on ADAS systems for vehicle longitudinal and lateral control and/or an amendment to UN Regulation No. 79 is appropriate, taking into account existing ADAS provisions from UN Regulation No. 79.

6. In developing its proposals, the TF on ADAS shall take into account existing data, research results, legislation and voluntary standards available.

7. TF ADAS shall take full account of developments and work in full cooperation with other informal working groups of GRVA, such as FRAV and VMAD.

8. The regulatory text shall, to the fullest extent possible, be performance-based and technology-neutral. The technical specification will attempt to be developed in a neutral manner to the compliance assessment system: type approval and self-certification.

B. Rules of Procedure

1. The TF on ADAS shall report to GRVA and is open to all participants of WP.29.

2. Two Co-Chairs and a Secretary will manage the TF.

3. The working language of the TF will be English.

4. All documents and/or proposals must be submitted to the TF Secretary in a suitable digital format in advance of one week of the meeting. The group may refuse to discuss any item or proposal submitted later.

5. An agenda and related documents will be communicated to all TF members in advance of all scheduled meetings by the means of publication on the dedicated UNECE website.

6. Decisions will be reached by consensus. When consensus cannot be reached, the Co-Chairs shall present the different points of view to GRVA. The Co-Chairs may seek guidance from GRVA as appropriate.

7. The progress of TF will be reported routinely to GRVA – wherever possible as an informal document and presented by the Co-Chairs.

C. Deliverables and Timings

1. As a first phase of activities, the TF on ADAS shall deliver regulatory texts intended to:

a. Finalize pending proposals to UN Regulation No. 79 taking into account existing proposals, for consideration and potential adoption by GRVA at the September 2021 session;

b. In parallel, consider and develop a first proposal for generic safety performance and assessment requirements for ADAS in the form of a new UN Regulation and/or amendments to UN Regulation No. 79, which will be submitted for consideration by GRVA at the September 2021 session and at the latest in February 2022, and;

c. Subject to GRVA agreement, finalize the new UN Regulation and/or amendments to UN Regulation No. 79 for review and possible adoption by GRVA at the February 2022 session or at the following session.

2. As a second phase, if desired by the Contracting Parties of the 1998 Agreement, the TF on ADAS could develop a Global Technical Regulation compatible with the 1998 Agreement for consideration and possible adoption by GRVA at the September 2023 session. The scope of activities of TF on ADAS may be extended as requested through endorsement by GRVA.

_______________

2

3

Revised proposal for establishing a new Task Force

on Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (TF on ADAS) – based on GRVA-08-08

I. Background

1. A number of amendment proposals to the ACSF provisions in UN Regulation No. 79 (Steering equipment) presented by various submitters at the previous GRVA sessions including several significant amendments to ACSF of Category B1 (Lane-keeping) and C (Lane change) provisions aimed at addressing innovation opportunities.

2. GRVA has been divided on these amendments for more than a year already with a lack of progress towards resolution. On the one hand, some Contracting Parties are willing to remove provisions that they consider to be design restrictions, as highlighted by the representatives of AVERE and OICA. Some other Contracting parties however highlighted the risks introduced by loosening the existing ACSF requirements and/or the initiation of new ACSF functionalities by pointing out the possibility that the driver would assume that the system is able to temporarily take over the driving task, leading a.o. driver overreliance and mode confusion. They therefore call for sufficient evidence that such amendments will ensure traffic safety. (See the last slide of GRVA-05-49).

3. AC.2 at its 134th session held on 9 November 2020 discussed the possibility to take relevant provisions out of UN Regulation No.79 and to develop a new UN Regulation on Advanced Driver Assistant Systems (ADAS). AC.2 invited GRVA to further discuss and seek consensus, especially taking into account: (i) Human Machine Interface1 (HMI) related provisions and (ii) relevant human factor issues such as e.g. driver overreliance, as a safety concern.

4. At the WP.29 182nd session, EC submitted the proposal (WP.29-182-17) to amend the WP.29 Programme of Work for 2021 (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2020/1/Rev.2) to include a new item addressing the simplification of UN Regulation No. 79 and elaborating the new ADAS UN Regulation.

5. During the 8th session, GRVA agreed that the European Commission and the Russian Federation should invite GRVA participants to discuss and determine if a Task Force or other working body be formed to address any issues with UN Regulation No. 79 that need to be investigated and developed with regard to ADAS. If needed, GRVA will evaluate draft Terms of Reference for a proposed Task Force or other body on ADAS at its next session.

6. The industry is concerned with the lack of progress in addressing the issues of further development of ACSF provisions in UN Regulation No. 79 and has proposed two parallel work streams: (i) continue work to improve and adapt UN Regulation No.79, and (ii) consider the development of a new generic approach to the development of regulatory provisions in the form of a new UN Regulation to cover not only existing, but new driver assisting technologies to be introduced on the market in the next few years. Industry has consistently indicated a need to recognize the important role that ADAS continues to play in the near future in various operational environments (highway, interurban & urban).

7. The development of the new ADAS UN Regulation may affect the content of UN Regulation No. 79, possibly leading to the partial removal of the ADAS provisions of the Regulation.

8. Reference documents: WP.29-182-17, ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1155, GRVA-05- 49, GRVA-07-23, FRAV-06-04, FRAV-06-05.

1 To be interpreted as ‘Human Machine Interaction’ to indicate the interaction between the human and the system

Submitted by experts from the European Commission and the Russian Federation

Informal document GRVA-09-15

9th GRVA, 1-5 February 2021 Agenda item 6(a)

2

II. Proposal

A. Terms of Reference

1. The Task Force (TF) should focus on Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), and shall address the simplification of UN Regulation No. 79 and if needed, develop a new ADAS UN Regulation with a focus on ADAS systems up to of level 22.

2. The scope of the new UN Regulation shall in principle aim to cover vehicles of Categories M, N and O. It is recognised that technical limitations may require vehicle category or system-specific requirements.

3. The TF on ADAS shall develop a definition of ADAS clarifying the difference of ADAS to automated driving or conventional technologies. The TF on ADAS will consider existing definitions outlined in legislation (e.g. UN Regulation No. 79), standards and informal documents.

4. The TF on ADAS shall address the following issues:

a. Outline the use-cases that are expected to be available for the market now and in the next years.

b. Consider the definition, classification and scope of functions of ADAS,

c. Ensure that use-cases and functions are considered subject to a safety evaluation aimed at ensuring, maintaining and if possible improving traffic safety.

d. Review and solve current issues on ADAS systems in Regulation No. 79 and other relevant regulations, in particular taking into consideration existing proposals for Automatically Commanded Steering Function (ACSF) of Category A (Remote Controlled Parking), Category B1 (lane keeping) and Category C (lane changes and Risk Mitigation Function).

e. Consider and develop generic safety performance and assessment requirements for ADAS, as well as combinations of multiple ADAS, for which a manufacturer is applying for an approval.3 General principles to identify differences and help distinguish between assistance systems and automated driving functions may be considered as a basis to derive generic requirements. Based on the outlined use-cases and on the review of current issues in Regulation No. 79, consider and propose specific requirements that may be relevant for specific use-cases in addition to the generic approach.

f. As for ADAS, the TF will pay special attention to the shared driving task between the driver and vehicle which puts specific demand on:

 HMI (e.g. harmonization, saliency, unambiguity, responsibilities);

 Human Factor (HF) issues (e.g. out-of-loop phenomena, driver engagement and vigilance, confusion, calibration of trust, ergonomics, misuse and overreliance);

 Information to the user (e.g. system functioning, capabilities and limitations)

5. Based on the findings from item 3, the TF on ADAS shall consider if the development of a new draft UN Regulation focusing on ADAS systems for vehicle longitudinal and lateral control and/or an amendment to UN Regulation No. 79 is appropriate, taking into account existing ADAS provisions from UN Regulation No. 79.

6. In developing its proposals, the TF on ADAS shall take into account existing data, research results, legislation and voluntary standards available.

2 As defined in ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1140 on pages 3 up to 1 3 Similar approach to what is being developed by FRAV/VMAD for automated vehicles (from SAE level 3).

3

7. TF ADAS shall take full account of developments and work in full cooperation with other informal working groups of GRVA, such as FRAV and VMAD.

8. The regulatory text shall, to the fullest extent possible, be performance-based and technology-neutral. The technical specification will attempt to be developed in a neutral manner to the compliance assessment system: type approval and self- certification.

B. Rules of Procedure

1. The TF on ADAS shall report to GRVA and is open to all participants of WP.29.

2. Two Co-Chairs and a Secretary will manage the TF.

3. The working language of the TF will be English.

4. All documents and/or proposals must be submitted to the TF Secretary in a suitable digital format in advance of one week of the meeting. The group may refuse to discuss any item or proposal submitted later.

5. An agenda and related documents will be communicated to all TF members in advance of all scheduled meetings by the means of publication on the dedicated UNECE website.

6. Decisions will be reached by consensus. When consensus cannot be reached, the Co-Chairs shall present the different points of view to GRVA. The Co-Chairs may seek guidance from GRVA as appropriate.

7. The progress of TF will be reported routinely to GRVA – wherever possible as an informal document and presented by the Co-Chairs.

C. Deliverables and Timings

1. As a first phase of activities, the TF on ADAS shall deliver regulatory texts intended to:

a. Finalize pending proposals to UN Regulation No. 79 taking into account existing proposals, for consideration and potential adoption by GRVA at the September 2021 session;

b. In parallel, consider and develop a first proposal for generic safety performance and assessment requirements for ADAS in the form of a new UN Regulation and/or amendments to UN Regulation No. 79, which will be submitted for consideration by GRVA at the September 2021 session and at the latest in February 2022, and;

c. Subject to GRVA agreement, finalize the new UN Regulation and/or amendments to UN Regulation No. 79 for review and possible adoption by GRVA at the February 2022 session or at the following session.

2. As a second phase, if desired by the Contracting Parties of the 1998 Agreement, the TF on ADAS could develop a Global Technical Regulation compatible with the 1998 Agreement for consideration and possible adoption by GRVA at the September 2023 session. The scope of activities of TF on ADAS may be extended as requested through endorsement by GRVA.

_______________

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